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Amniotic fluid embolism: a reappraisal

Young, Bruce K; Florine Magdelijns, Pascalle; Chervenak, Judith L; Chan, Michael
OBJECTIVES/OBJECTIVE:Using cases from our own experience and from the published literature on amniotic fluid embolism (AFE), we seek to improve on existing criteria for diagnosis and discern associated risk factors. Additionally, we propose a novel theory of pathophysiology. METHODS:This retrospective case review includes eight cases of AFE from two hospital systems and 21 from the published literature. All cases were evaluated using the modified criteria for research reporting of AFE by Clark et al. in Am J Obstet Gynecol, 2016;215:408-12 as well as our proposed criteria for diagnosis. Additional clinical and demographic characteristics potentially correlated with a risk of AFE were included and analyzed using descriptive analysis. RESULTS:fertilization. 6.5 % of cases were complicated by fetal death. Placenta previa occurred in 13.8 %. 86.2 % of women had cesarean sections of which 52.0 % had no acute maternal indication. CONCLUSIONS:Our criteria identify more patients with AFE than others with a low likelihood of false positives. Clinical and demographic associations in our review are consistent with those previously reported. A possible relationship between cesarean birth and risk of AFE was identified using our criteria. Additionally, we propose a new hypothesis of pathophysiology.
PMID: 38082418
ISSN: 1619-3997
CID: 5589142

Prenatal diagnosis of Bardet Biedl Syndrome: A case report [Case Report]

Arora, Ena; Fuks, Aleksandr; Meyer, Jessica; Chervenak, Judith
The Bardet-Biedl Syndrome (BBS), also called Laurence-Moon-Bardet-Biedl syndrome is a rare ciliopathic autosomal recessive genetic defect. BBS phenotype develops over the years and diagnosis is usually made in late childhood or early adulthood. Prenatal diagnosis is rare in absence of family history or consanguinity. The major features of this syndrome are cone-rod dystrophy, obesity, polydactyly, learning disabilities, hypogonadism in males, renal anomalies, nystagmus, speech disorders, developmental delay and ataxia. At least 20 BBS genes have been identified and all are involved in primary cilia functioning. Genetic diagnosis includes multigene sequencing technologies. Clinical management includes symptomatic treatment. In our case report, we present a case of a baby born to parents of Bengali Asian ancestry with high clinical suspicion of BBS based on fetal magnetic resonance imaging findings done during antepartum surveillance.
PMCID:9668600
PMID: 36406960
ISSN: 1930-0433
CID: 5384042

Recurrent Cesarean Scar Pregnancy: Case Series and Literature Review [Note]

Timor-Tritsch, I E; Horwitz, G; D'Antonio, F; Monteagudo, A; Bornstein, E; Chervenak, J; Messina, L; Morlando, M; Cali, G
EMBASE:2016531746
ISSN: 1533-9866
CID: 5157552

The cervicovaginal microbiome at time of cerclage [Meeting Abstract]

Trostle, Megan E.; Griffin, Myah; Patberg, Elizabeth; Kidd, Jennifer; Chen, Ze; Ruggles, Kelly; Roman, Ashley S.; Keefe, David L.; Chervenak, Judith; Mehta-Lee, Shilpi S.; Heo, Hye; Brubaker, Sara G.
ISI:000737459400199
ISSN: 0002-9378
CID: 5208542

Predictors of severe and critical disease in pregnant women with SARS-CoV-2

Limaye, Meghana A; Roman, Ashley S; Trostle, Megan E; Venkatesh, Pooja; Lantigua Martinez, Meralis; Brubaker, Sara G; Chervenak, Judith; Wei, Lili S; Sahani, Parita; Grossman, Tracy B; Meyer, Jessica A; Penfield, Christina A
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVE/UNASSIGNED:SARS-CoV-2 continues to spread widely in the US and worldwide. Pregnant women are more likely to develop severe or critical illness than their non-pregnant counterparts. Known risk factors for severe and critical disease outside of pregnancy, such as asthma, diabetes, and obesity have not been well-studied in pregnancy. We aimed to determine which clinical and pregnancy-related factors were associated with severe and critical COVID illness in pregnancy. STUDY DESIGN/UNASSIGNED: < .05. Multivariable logistic regression was performed including variables that were significantly different between groups. RESULTS/UNASSIGNED:< .01). After adjustment, history of smoking remained significantly predictive of severe/critical disease [aOR 3.84 (95% CI, 1.25-11.82)]. CONCLUSION/UNASSIGNED:Pregnant women with a history of smoking, asthma, or other respiratory condition, and COVID-19 diagnosis in the second trimester of pregnancy were more likely to develop severe/critical disease. These findings may be useful in counseling women on their individual risk of developing the severe or critical disease in pregnancy and may help determine which women are good candidates for vaccination during pregnancy.
PMCID:8425435
PMID: 34470122
ISSN: 1476-4954
CID: 4999842

Recurrent Cesarean scar pregnancy: case series and literature review

Timor-Tritsch, I E; Horwitz, G; D'Antonio, F; Monteagudo, A; Bornstein, E; Chervenak, J; Messina, L; Morlando, M; Cali, G
OBJECTIVES/OBJECTIVE:To determine the rate of recurrent Cesarean scar pregnancy (CSP) in our clinical practices and to evaluate whether the mode of treatment of a CSP is associated with the risk of recurrent CSP, as well as to review the published literature on recurrent CSP. METHODS:We performed a retrospective search of our six obstetrical and gynecologic departmental ultrasound databases for all CSPs and recurrent CSPs between 2010 and 2019. We extracted various data, including numbers of CSPs with follow-up, numbers attempting and numbers achieving pregnancy following treatment of the CSP and numbers of recurrent CSPs, as well as details of the treatment of the original CSP. After analyzing the clinical data, we evaluated whether the mode of treatment terminating the previous CSP was associated with the risk of recurrent CSP. We also performed a PubMed search for: 'recurrent Cesarean scar pregnancy' and 'recurrent Cesarean scar ectopic pregnancy'. Articles were reviewed for year of publication and extraction and analysis of the same data as those obtained from our departmental databases. RESULTS:Our database search identified 252 cases of CSP. The overall rate of clinical follow-up ranged between 71.4% and 100%, according to treatment site (mean, 90.9%). Among these, 105 were followed by another pregnancy after treatment of the previous CSP. Of these, 36 (34.3%) pregnancies were recurrent CSP, with 27 women having a single recurrence and three women having multiple recurrences, one with two, one with three and one with four. We did not find any particular single or combination treatment mode terminating the previous CSP to be associated with recurrent CSP. The literature search identified 17 articles that yielded sufficient information for us to evaluate their reported prevalence of recurrent CSP. They reported 1743 primary diagnoses of CSP, and 944 had reliable follow-up. There were data for 489 cases in which a woman attempted to conceive again, and on 327 pregnancies achieved, after treatment of a previous CSP. Of these, 67 (20.5%) were recurrent CSP. CONCLUSION/CONCLUSIONS:On the basis of our pooled clinical data and review of the literature, recurrent CSP is apparently more common than was previously assumed based upon mostly single case reports or series with few cases. This should be borne in mind when counseling patients undergoing treatment for CSP regarding their risk of recurrence. We found no obvious causal relationship or association between the type of treatment for the previous CSP and recurrence of CSP. Patients pregnant after treatment for a CSP should be encouraged to have an early (5-7-week) first-trimester transvaginal scan to determine the location of the gestation. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
PMID: 33411387
ISSN: 1469-0705
CID: 4762732

COVID-19 in pregnancy: creating an outpatient surveillance model in a public hospital system

Trostle, Megan E; Silverstein, Jenna S; Tubridy, Elizabeth; Limaye, Meghana A; Rose, Jessica; Brubaker, Sara G; Chervenak, Judith L; Denny, Colleen C
Objectives We describe a standardized, scalable outpatient surveillance model for pregnant women with COVID-19 with several objectives: (1) to identify and track known, presumed, and suspected COVID-positive pregnant patients both during their acute illness and after recovery, (2) to regularly assess patient symptoms and escalate care for those with worsening disease while reducing unnecessary hospital exposure for others, (3) to educate affected patients on warning symptoms, hygiene, and quarantine recommendations, and (4) to cohort patient care, isolating stable infected patients at home and later within the same physical clinic area upon their return to prenatal care. Methods Pregnant women in an urban public hospital system with presumed or confirmed COVID-19 were added to a list in our electronic medical record as they came to the attention of providers. They received a series of phone calls based on their illness severity and were periodically assessed until deemed stable. Results A total of 83 patients were followed between March 19 and May 31, 2020. Seven (8%) were asymptomatic, 62 (75%) had mild disease, 11 (13%) had severe disease, and three (4%) had critical illness. Conclusions We encourage others to develop and utilize outpatient surveillance systems to facilitate appropriate care and to optimize maternal and fetal well-being.
PMID: 32809968
ISSN: 1619-3997
CID: 4563402

Acute Respiratory Decompensation Requiring Intubation in Pregnant Women with SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) [Case Report]

Silverstein, Jenna S; Limaye, Meghana A; Brubaker, Sara G; Roman, Ashley S; Bautista, Judita; Chervenak, Judith; Ratner, Adam J; Sommer, Philip M; Roselli, Nicole M; Gibson, Charlisa D; Ellenberg, David; Penfield, Christina A
There is a current paucity of information about the obstetric and perinatal outcomes of pregnant novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients in North America. Data from China suggest that pregnant women with COVID-19 have favorable maternal and neonatal outcomes, with rare cases of critical illness or respiratory compromise. However, we report two cases of pregnant women diagnosed with COVID-19 in the late preterm period admitted to tertiary care hospitals in New York City for respiratory indications. After presenting with mild symptoms, both quickly developed worsening respiratory distress requiring intubation, and both delivered preterm via caesarean delivery. These cases highlight the potential for rapid respiratory decompensation in pregnant COVID-19 patients and the maternal-fetal considerations in managing these cases.
PMCID:7272216
PMID: 32509416
ISSN: 2157-6998
CID: 4477762

Association between time interval from bariatric surgery to pregnancy and maternal weight outcomes

Dolin, Cara D; Chervenak, Judith; Pivo, Sarah; Ude Welcome, Akuezunkpa; Kominiarek, Michelle A
Background: The majority of patients having bariatric surgery are reproductive-age women who are advised to delay pregnancy for at least 12 months after surgery. Many women become pregnant sooner and the association between gestational weight gain (GWG) and maternal long-term weight is unknown.Objectives: The primary objective of this study was to compare weight outcomes in pregnancies occurring < 12 months versus ≥ 12 months after bariatric surgery. The secondary objectives were to determine the association between time interval from bariatric surgery to pregnancy and maternal nutritional status and maternal and neonatal outcomes.Study design: This is a retrospective cohort study of women with singleton livebirths after bariatric surgery who received care at a single tertiary care center between 2009 and 2017. GWG was the difference in weight between the first prenatal visit and delivery. GWG adequacy was determined by the IOM 2009 guidelines according to prepregnancy BMI (inadequate, adequate, excessive). Postpartum weight retention was calculated as the difference between weight at first prenatal visit and measured postpartum weight. Weight outcomes along with maternal nutritional status and maternal and neonatal outcomes were compared between < 12 months versus ≥ 12 months after bariatric surgery with t-tests, Mann-Whitney U and chi-square tests, as appropriate.Results: Of the 76 pregnancies that met inclusion criteria, 36.8% occurred < 12 months (median 7.2 months) and 63.2% occurred ≥ 12 months after surgery (median 26.9 months). Of those with pregnancies < 12 months from surgery, 34% had a restrictive procedure (adjustable gastric band or sleeve gastrectomy) while 66% had a combined restrictive-malabsorptive procedure (Roux-en-Y gastric bypass). In the ≥ 12 months group, 42.3% had a restrictive procedure while 57.7% had a combined restrictive-malabsorptive procedure. There were no significant differences in maternal age, ethnicity or nulliparity between groups, but there were more women with obesity in the < 12 months group (75 vs. 52%, p = .03). The mean prepregnancy BMI in the < 12 months group was 34.3 vs. 31.2 kg/m2 in the ≥ 12 months group. The < 12 months group had lower mean GWG (4.9 vs. 10.9 kg, p = .01) and higher frequency of weight loss during pregnancy (28.6 vs. 4.2%, p < .01) compared to the ≥ 12 months group. The < 12 months group had significantly less postpartum weight retention at 6 months compared to the ≥ 12 months group (-1.3 vs. 8.3 kg, p = .02). The < 12 months group had a higher prevalence of vitamin B12 deficiency (23.1 versus 4.9%, p = .05). There were no differences in hyperemesis, hypertensive disorders, gestational diabetes or delivery mode between groups (p > .05). There were no differences in gestational age at delivery, birth weight and small for gestational age infants between groups (p > .05).Conclusion: Pregnancy < 12 months after bariatric surgery is associated with significantly lower mean GWG and a higher frequency of weight loss during pregnancy as well as less postpartum weight retention at 6 months. Although there were no differences birthweight, weight loss during pregnancy and its accompanying metabolic changes are concerning for a developing fetus. Further study is needed to determine the optimal timing of pregnancy after bariatric surgery with respect to both maternal and infant short and long-term outcomes.
PMID: 31722588
ISSN: 1476-4954
CID: 4186922

Recurrent Cholangiocarcinoma in Pregnancy: A Case Report

Francis, Antonia P; Chang, Michelle; Dolin, Cara D; Chervenak, Judith; Cardonick, Elyce
Hepatobiliary malignancies during pregnancy are extremely rare and portend a poor prognosis. There are only seven published cases of cholangiocarcinoma in an obstetrical patient, all are cases of primary cholangiocarcinoma (1-7). Herein, we describe the first case of recurrent cholangiocarcinoma during pregnancy. The patient did not receive chemotherapy during pregnancy and required prolonged hospitalizations for nutritional and intensive medical support. She delivered preterm, at 30 2/7 weeks gestation, after developing pre-eclampsia with severe features. The infant was healthy, with no malformations, and currently exhibits no neurological or behavioral sequelae at 8months of age. We discuss themanagement considerations inherent to this complex clinical scenario including metastatic disease severity, ethical considerations, and palliative care treatment options.
PMID: 30425881
ISSN: 2157-6998
CID: 3458432