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Penetrating middle ear trauma: a report of 2 cases [Case Report]

Neuenschwander, Michael C; Deutsch, Ellen S; Cornetta, Anthony; Willcox, Thomas O
Penetrating middle ear injury can result in hearing loss, vertigo, and facial nerve injury. We describe the cases of 2 children with penetrating trauma to the right ear that resulted in ossicular chain disruption; one injury was caused by cotton-tipped swabs and the other by a wooden matchstick. Symptoms in both children included hearing loss and otalgia; in addition, one child experienced ataxia and the other vertigo. Physical examination in both cases revealed a perforation in the posterosuperior quadrant of the tympanic membrane and visible ossicles. Audiometry identified a moderate conductive hearing loss in one child and a mild sensorineural hearing loss in the other. Both children underwent middle ear exploration and reduction of a subluxed stapes. We discuss the diagnosis, causes, and management of penetrating middle ear trauma. To reduce the morbidity associated with these traumas, otologic surgeons should act promptly and be versatile in choosing methods of repairing ossicular chain injuries.
PMID: 15742770
ISSN: 0145-5613
CID: 1606412

Insular carcinoma of the thyroid [Case Report]

Cornetta, Anthony J; Burchard, Andrew E; Pribitkin, Edmund A; O'Reilly, Robert C; Palazzo, Juan P; Keane, William M
Thyroid surgeons are becoming increasingly more aware of a histologically distinct subset of thyroid carcinoma whose classification falls between well-differentiated and anaplastic carcinomas with respect to both cell differentiation and clinical behavior. This subtype of tumors has been categorized as poorly differentiated or insular carcinoma, based on its characteristic cell groupings. Although the differentiation of insular carcinoma from other thyroid carcinomas has important prognostic and therapeutic significance, relatively little about insular carcinoma has been published in the otolaryngology literature. In this article, we describe a new case of insular carcinoma and we discuss the findings of our review of the literature. We conclude that insular thyroid carcinoma warrants aggressive management with total thyroidectomy followed by radioactive iodine ablation of any remaining thyroid tissue.
PMID: 12789767
ISSN: 0145-5613
CID: 1606422

Radiology: radiology quiz case 2. Atypical lipomatous tumor, a variant of well-differentiated liposarcoma [Case Report]

Levine, Jonathan M; Cornetta, Anthony J; Rao, Vijay M; Keane, William M
PMID: 12525210
ISSN: 0886-4470
CID: 1606432

Cyclooxygenase-2 expression in human thyroid carcinoma and Hashimoto's thyroiditis

Cornetta, Anthony J; Russell, John P; Cunnane, Mary; Keane, William M; Rothstein, Jay L
OBJECTIVES: Cyclooxygenases (COX) are enzymes that catalyze the conversion of arachidonic acid to prostaglandins. COX-2, unlike the constitutively expressed COX-1, is an inducible enzyme upregulated during cell proliferation and inflammation. More recently, COX-2 has been implicated in the development of numerous types of epithelial cancers. In addition, COX-2 is highly expressed in several inflammatory diseases. Because of its dual role in inflammation and cancer, we were interested in determining if COX-2 plays a role in the development of human thyroid carcinoma and Hashimoto's thyroiditis, an autoimmune condition frequently associated with thyroid malignancy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty paraffin-embedded human tissue specimens, including normal, inflammatory, and neoplastic thyroid sections, were analyzed by immunohistochemical staining for expression of human COX-2. In addition, COX-2 protein expression was verified by Western blot in two specimens. RESULTS: Immunohistochemical staining confirmed the presence of COX-2 in thyroid epithelial neoplasms, including papillary and follicular carcinomas. Moreover, COX-2 expression was observed in patients with Hashimoto's thyroiditis. COX-2 expression, however, was not observed in normal thyroid tissue, multinodular goiter, or anaplastic carcinoma. CONCLUSIONS: We have shown that cyclooxygenase-2 is expressed in thyroid carcinoma and thyroid epithelium from patients with Hashimoto's thyroiditis but not in normal thyroid. The expression of COX-2 in both of these thyroid pathologies may provide a basis for the relationship between carcinogenesis and autoimmunity.
PMID: 11889377
ISSN: 0023-852x
CID: 1606442

Ear piercing for individuals with metal hypersensitivity

Cornetta, A J; Reiter, D
OBJECTIVE: To describe and evaluate an ear piercing and earring retention method for individuals with metal hypersensitivity. SETTING: Private facial plastic surgery practice associated with a tertiary care medical center. METHODS: Thirty-one patients with a history of hypersensitivity to metallic jewelry (62 ears) underwent earlobe piercing with an intravenous catheter. RESULTS: None of the patients experienced an infection or hypersensitivity reaction. All patients were able to wear nickel-free earrings for short periods without using the shortened catheter. CONCLUSION: Using the distal shaft of an intravenous catheter as an earring post sheath is a safe and effective technique that allows hypersensitive individuals to wear earrings in pierced ears on a limited basis.
PMID: 11458221
ISSN: 0194-5998
CID: 1606452