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Subretinal drusenoid deposits are strongly associated with coexistent high-risk vascular diseases

Ledesma-Gil, Gerardo; Otero-Marquez, Oscar; Alauddin, Sharmina; Tong, Yuehong; Tai, Katy; Lloyd, Harriet; Koci, Micaela; Scolaro, Maria; Pillai, Cinthi; Ye, Catherine; Govindaiah, Arun; Bhuiyan, Alauddin; Dhamoon, Mandip S.; Deobhakta, Avnish; Lema, Gareth; Narula, Jagat; Rosen, Richard B.; Yannuzzi, Lawrence A.; Freund, K. Bailey; Smith, Roland Theodore
Background/aims Demonstrate that subretinal drusenoid deposits (SDDs) in age-related macular degeneration (AMD) are linked to coexistent high-risk vascular diseases (HRVDs). Methods Cross-sectional study. Two hundred AMD subjects (aged 51-100 years; 121 women, 79 men) were recruited. Spectral domain optical coherence tomography, autofluorescence and near-infrared reflectance imaging, and lipid profiles were obtained. Subjects were assigned by health history questionnaires into those with or without HRVDs, defined as: cardiac valve defect (eg, aortic stenosis), myocardial defect (eg, myocardial infarction) and stroke/transient ischaemic attack. Masked readers assigned subjects into two groups: SDD (with or without drusen) and drusen (only). Univariate testing was performed by χ 2 test. We built multivariate regression models to test relationships of coexistent HRVD to SDD status, lipid levels and other covariates. Results The prevalence of HRVD was 41.2% (40/97) and 6.8% (7/103) in the SDD and non-SDD groups, respectively (correlation of SDD with HRVD, p=9×10 -9, OR 9.62, 95% CI 4.04 to 22.91). Multivariate regressions: only SDDs and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) in the first two HDL quartiles remained significant for HRVD (p=9.8×10 -5, 0.021, respectively). Multivariate regression model: SDDs and an HDL in Q1 or Q2 identified the presence of HRVD with the accuracy of 78.5%, 95% CI 72.2% to 84.0%. Conclusions High-risk cardiovascular and neurovascular diseases were accurately identified in an AMD cohort from SDDs and HDL levels. The SDDs may be related to inadequate ocular perfusion resulting from the systemic vasculopathies. Further research with this paradigm is warranted and might reduce mortality and morbidity from vascular disease.
SCOPUS:85143502124
ISSN: 2397-3269
CID: 5393012

MULTIMODAL IMAGING OF IGG4-RELATED PAPILLITIS AND RETINAL DISEASE

Tsui, Edmund; Goldberg, Naomi R; Pillai, Cinthi; Goduni, Lediana; Freund, K Bailey
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE:To report a case of IgG4-related ophthalmic disease, which presented with papillitis and subretinal deposits. METHODS:Observational case report with multimodal imaging. RESULTS:A 52-year-old man with a history of persistent lymphadenopathy presented with decreased vision in his left eye. Funduscopic examination demonstrated cuticular drusen in both eyes and florid edema of the left optic nerve, along with scattered circumscribed grey-yellow subretinal deposits that were distinct from the cuticular drusen. Swept-source optical coherence tomography demonstrated a hyper-reflective subretinal material corresponding to the grey-yellow subretinal deposits on clinical examination along with diffuse outer retinal disruption. Fundus autofluorescence revealed scattered hypoautofluorescence corresponding to cuticular drusen and also larger patches of hypoautofluorescence corresponding to the grey-yellow subretinal deposits. Fluorescein angiography demonstrated hypofluorescence corresponding to the large subretinal deposits and leakage at the optic nerve. Lymph node biopsy demonstrated IgG4-positive plasma cells and elevated serum IgG4 levels leading to a diagnosis of IgG4-related ophthalmic disease. The patient was treated with oral prednisone with subsequent resolution of the optic nerve edema. CONCLUSION/CONCLUSIONS:We describe multimodal imaging of unique retinal and optic nerve findings associated with IgG4-related ophthalmic disease. Our report broadens the spectrum of ocular involvement associated with IgG4-related disease.
PMID: 31343561
ISSN: 1937-1578
CID: 3987422

Vision Testing in the Evaluation of Concussion

Pillai, Cinthi; Gittinger, John W Jr
Traumatic brain injury results from an acute impact to the head causing brain dysfunction. Concussion is a form of mild traumatic brain injury. There are significant short- and long-term sequelae of concussion, and early diagnosis and management are key to recovery. Visual system symptoms and signs are common following concussion and have been shown to be a useful feature of concussion testing. Neuro-ophthalmic findings include abnormalities in the pupillary light reflex, accommodation, convergence, extraocular motility, steroacuity, as well as pursuit and saccades. Concussion generally occurs out of the medical setting, and access to a trained examiner or equipment to assist in diagnosis is limited. For this reason, much research is focused on developing a concussion test that is practical and reliable, and technology is likely to play an important role in this. Ultimately, no single test is a substitute for clinical judgment and multifaceted testing.
PMID: 27805468
ISSN: 1744-5205
CID: 2420512

DIAGNOSIS AND MANAGEMENT OF HIGH-GRADE GLIOMA IN PATIENTS WITH HIV [Meeting Abstract]

Acevedo; Nattasha; Pillai, Cinthi; Welch, Mary
ORIGINAL:0011915
ISSN: 1522-8517
CID: 2545912

Intractable headache heralding anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis [Meeting Abstract]

Hainline, Clotilde; Vgontzas, Angeliki; Pillai, Cinthi; Robbins, Matthew
ORIGINAL:0011914
ISSN: 1526-632x
CID: 2545902

Sensitivity and Specificity of Short-Duration Transient Visual Evoked Potentials (SD-tVEP) in Discriminating Normal From Glaucomatous Eyes

Pillai, Cinthi; Ritch, Robert; Derr, Peter; Gonzalez, Alberto; Kopko Cox, Laurie; Siegfried, John; Liebmann, Jeffrey M; Tello, Celso
PURPOSE: To evaluate the ability of the short-duration transient visual evoked potential (SD-tVEP) to discriminate between healthy eyes and eyes with early to advanced glaucomatous visual field loss. METHODS: We tested 30 eyes of 30 healthy controls and 45 eyes of 35 glaucoma patients. Normal eyes had 20/30 or better visual acuity and normal 24-2 Swedish interactive thresholding algorithm (SITA) Standard visual fields. Glaucoma was staged as mild (mean deviation, MD > -6.0 dB), moderate (MD between -6.0 and -12.0 dB), and severe (MD < -12.0 dB). There were 15 eyes in each group. SD-tVEPs were recorded using the Diopsys NOVA-LX System. Each eye was stimulated with a low (Lc) and a high (Hc) Michelson contrast checkerboard pattern. Each test resulted in an Lc and an Hc SD-tVEP response. Each response was evaluated for overall waveform quality, P100 latency, and P100 amplitude referenced to the N75. The sensitivity, specificity, negative predictor value (NPV), and positive predictor value (PPV) were calculated. RESULTS: Lc latency showed the highest accuracy for discrimination using receiver operating characteristic curves for high and low contrast parameters. The analysis for all subjects resulted in a 91.1% sensitivity, 93.3% specificity, 95.3% PPV, and an 87.5% NPV. Evaluating the mean Lc latency of the mild, moderate, and severe glaucoma patients against controls showed discrimination consistent with the glaucoma severity. CONCLUSIONS: Short-duration transient VEP objectively identified decreased visual function and discriminated between healthy and glaucomatous eyes, and also showed good differentiation between healthy eyes and those with early visual field loss. VEP may be useful for early diagnosis of glaucoma.
PMID: 23513061
ISSN: 0146-0404
CID: 348742

Temozolomide Use in a Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Positive Patient with Glioblastoma Multiforme (GBM) [Meeting Abstract]

Pillai, Cinthi; Lahiri, Shouri; Graber, Jerome
ISI:000332068600266
ISSN: 1526-632x
CID: 2214822

Early data on the effect of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) on intraocular pressure (IOP) changes measured by a contact lens sensor (CLS) in patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) with and without primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) [Meeting Abstract]

Jasien, Jessica; Goedkoop, Rene; Pillai, Cinthi; Simon-Zoula, Sonja; Ritch, Robert
ISI:000436232703175
ISSN: 0146-0404
CID: 4216652

Genetic Screening of LOXL1 Polymorphisms in Exfoliation Syndrome (XFS) Suspects (XFSS) [Meeting Abstract]

Pillai, Cinthi; Aalam, Wassem A; Sullivan, Timothy; Liebmann, Jeffrey M; Sharafieh, Roshanak; Sarfarazi, Mansoor; Ritch; Robert
ORIGINAL:0011916
ISSN: 0146-0404
CID: 2545932

Receptive field structure varies with layer in the primary visual cortex

Martinez, Luis M; Wang, Qingbo; Reid, R Clay; Pillai, Cinthi; Alonso, Jose-Manuel; Sommer, Friedrich T; Hirsch, Judith A
Here we ask whether visual response pattern varies with position in the cortical microcircuit by comparing the structure of receptive fields recorded from the different layers of the cat's primary visual cortex. We used whole-cell recording in vivo to show the spatial distribution of visually evoked excitatory and inhibitory inputs and to stain individual neurons. We quantified the distribution of 'On' and 'Off' responses and the presence of spatially opponent excitation and inhibition within the receptive field. The thalamorecipient layers (4 and upper 6) were dominated by simple cells, as defined by two criteria: they had separated On and Off subregions, and they had push-pull responses (in a given subregion, stimuli of the opposite contrast evoked responses of the opposite sign). Other types of response profile correlated with laminar location as well. Thus, connections unique to each visual cortical layer are likely to serve distinct functions.
PMCID:1987328
PMID: 15711543
ISSN: 1097-6256
CID: 2545792