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Effectiveness and toxicity of five-fraction prone accelerated partial breast irradiation

Hardy-Abeloos, Camille; Xiao, Julie; Oh, Cheongeun; Barbee, David; Shah, Bhartesh; Maisonet, Olivier; Perez, Carmen; Adams, Sylvia; Schnabel, Freya; Axelrod, Deborah; Guth, Amber; Karp, Nolan; Cahlon, Oren; Gerber, Naamit
Purpose: Our institution was an early adopter of 5-fraction accelerated partial breast irradiation (ABPI) to treat women with early-stage breast cancer. This study reports long-term oncologic and cosmetic outcomes. Methods: We included patients receiving APBI 600 cGy × 5 fx delivered every other day or every day between 2010 and 2022. Logistic regression models were used to identify factors associated with development of late toxicities, clinician, and patient-rated cosmesis. Kaplan"“Meier methodology was used to calculate overall survival (OS), disease-free survival (DFS), and locoregional recurrence-free survival (LR-RFS). Results: 442 patients received APBI either daily (56%) or every other day (44%) in the prone position (92%). At a median follow-up of 48 months (range: 5.96"“155 months), 12 (2.7%) patients developed a local recurrence (LR). Out of 258 patients with > 3-month toxicity data available, the most common late grade ≥ 2 adverse event was breast fibrosis (6.2%). On multivariate analysis, daily APBI treatment (vs every other day) did not correlate with an increased risk of any late grade ≥ 2 toxicity though it did correlate with a lower risk of any late grade ≥ 2 fibrosis. Overall, at a median follow-up of 80 months, the rates of good"“excellent physician and patient-rated cosmesis were 95% and 85%, respectively, with no difference between patients treated on consecutive vs. every other day. On multivariate analysis, patients who did not receive any adjuvant therapy were at increased risk of developing a LR. Five-year OS, LRFS, and DFS were 97.2%, 97.7%, and 89.5%, respectively. Conclusions: Five-fraction APBI delivered primarily in the prone position either daily or every other day was effective with low rates of local recurrence, minimal toxicity, and excellent cosmesis at long-term follow-up.
SCOPUS:85181487903
ISSN: 0167-6806
CID: 5630272

Partial Breast Irradiation for Patients With Early-Stage Invasive Breast Cancer or Ductal Carcinoma In Situ: An ASTRO Clinical Practice Guideline

Shaitelman, Simona F; Anderson, Bethany M; Arthur, Douglas W; Bazan, Jose G; Bellon, Jennifer R; Bradfield, Lisa; Coles, Charlotte E; Gerber, Naamit K; Kathpal, Madeera; Kim, Leonard; Laronga, Christine; Meattini, Icro; Nichols, Elizabeth M; Pierce, Lori J; Poppe, Matthew M; Spears, Patricia A; Vinayak, Shaveta; Whelan, Timothy; Lyons, Janice A
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE:This guideline provides evidence-based recommendations on appropriate indications and techniques for partial breast irradiation (PBI) for patients with early-stage invasive breast cancer and ductal carcinoma in situ. METHODS:The American Society for Radiation Oncology (ASTRO) convened a task force to address 4 key questions focused on the appropriate indications and techniques for PBI as an alternative to whole breast irradiation (WBI) to result in similar rates of ipsilateral breast recurrence (IBR) and toxicity outcomes. Also addressed were aspects related to the technical delivery of PBI including dose-fractionation regimens, target volumes, and treatment parameters for different PBI techniques. The guideline is based on a systematic review provided by the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. Recommendations were created using a predefined consensus-building methodology and system for grading evidence quality and recommendation strength. RESULTS:PBI delivered using 3-D conformal radiation therapy, intensity modulated radiation therapy, multicatheter brachytherapy and single-entry brachytherapy result in similar IBR as WBI with long-term follow-up. Some patient characteristics and tumor features were underrepresented in the randomized controlled trials, making it difficult to fully define IBR risks for patients with these features. Appropriate dose-fractionation regimens, target volume delineation, and treatment planning parameters for delivery of PBI are outlined. Intraoperative radiation therapy alone is associated with a higher IBR rate compared to WBI. A daily or every other day external beam PBI regimen is preferred over twice daily regimens due to late toxicity concerns. CONCLUSIONS:Based on published data, the ASTRO task force has proposed recommendations to inform best clinical practices on the use of PBI.
PMID: 37977261
ISSN: 1879-8519
CID: 5610592

Publisher's Note to Partial Breast Irradiation for Patients With Early-Stage Invasive Breast Cancer or Ductal Carcinoma In Situ: An ASTRO Clinical Practice Guideline (Pract Radiat Oncol. 2024;14:xxx-xxx. Epub ahead of print November 14, 2023.)

Shaitelman, Simona F; Anderson, Bethany M; Arthur, Douglas W; Bazan, Jose G; Bellon, Jennifer R; Bradfield, Lisa; Coles, Charlotte E; Gerber, Naamit K; Kathpal, Madeera; Kim, Leonard; Laronga, Christine; Meattini, Icro; Nichols, Elizabeth M; Pierce, Lori J; Poppe, Matthew M; Spears, Patricia A; Vinayak, Shaveta; Whelan, Timothy; Lyons, Janice A
PMID: 37984712
ISSN: 1879-8519
CID: 5608352

Risk of Radiation Dermatitis in Patients With Skin of Color Who Undergo Radiation to the Breast or Chest Wall With and Without Regional Nodal Irradiation

Purswani, Juhi M; Bigham, Zahna; Adotama, Prince; Oh, Cheongeun; Xiao, Julie; Maisonet, Olivier; Teruel, Jose R; Gutierrez, Daniel; Tattersall, Ian W; Perez, Carmen A; Gerber, Naamit K
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE:Acute radiation dermatitis (ARD) is common after radiation therapy for breast cancer, with data indicating that ARD may disproportionately affect Black or African American (AA) patients. We evaluated the effect of skin of color (SOC) on physician-reported ARD in patients treated with radiation therapy. METHODS AND MATERIALS/METHODS:We identified patients treated with whole breast or chest wall ± regional nodal irradiation or high tangents using 50 Gy in 25 fractions from 2015 to 2018. Baseline skin pigmentation was assessed using the Fitzpatrick scale (I = light/pale white to VI = black/very dark brown) with SOC defined as Fitzpatrick scale IV to VI. We evaluated associations among SOC, physician-reported ARD, late hyperpigmentation, and use of oral and topical treatments for RD using multivariable models. RESULTS:A total of 325 patients met eligibility, of which 40% had SOC (n = 129). On multivariable analysis, Black/AA race and chest wall irradiation had a lower odds of physician-reported grade 2 or 3 ARD (odds ratio [OR], 0.110; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.030-0.397; P = .001; OR, 0.377; 95% CI, 0.161-0.883; P = .025), whereas skin bolus (OR, 8.029; 95% CI, 3.655-17.635; P = 0) and planning target volume D0.03cc (OR, 1.001; 95% CI, 1.000-1.001; P = .028) were associated with increased odds. On multivariable analysis, SOC (OR, 3.658; 95% CI, 1.236-10.830; P = .019) and skin bolus (OR, 26.786; 95% CI, 4.235-169.432; P = 0) were associated with increased odds of physician-reported late grade 2 or 3 hyperpigmentation. There was less frequent use of topical steroids to treat ARD and more frequent use of oral analgesics in SOC versus non-SOC patients (43% vs 63%, P < .001; 50% vs 38%, P = .05, respectively). CONCLUSIONS:Black/AA patients exhibited lower odds of physician-reported ARD. However, we found higher odds of late hyperpigmentation in SOC patients, independent of self-reported race. These findings suggest that ARD may be underdiagnosed in SOC when using the physician-rated scale despite this late evidence of radiation-induced skin toxicity.
PMID: 37060928
ISSN: 1879-355x
CID: 5502812

Early effectiveness and toxicity outcomes of reirradiation after breast conserving surgery for recurrent or new primary breast cancer

Hardy-Abeloos, Camille; Xiao, Julie; Oh, Cheongeun; Barbee, David; Perez, Carmen A; Oratz, Ruth; Schnabel, Freya; Axelrod, Deborah; Guth, Amber; Braunstein, Lior Z; Khan, Atif; Choi, J Isabelle; Gerber, Naamit
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE:Breast reirradiation (reRT) after breast conserving surgery (BCS) has emerged as a viable alternative to mastectomy for women presenting with recurrent or new primary breast cancer. There are limited data on safety of different fractionation regimens. This study reports safety and efficacy among women treated with repeat BCS and reRT. METHODS AND MATERIALS/METHODS:Patients who underwent repeat BCS followed by RT from 2015 to 2021 at 2 institutions were analyzed. Univariate logistic regression models were used to identify predictors of acute and late toxicities. Kaplan-Meier estimates were used to evaluate overall survival (OS), distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS) and locoregional recurrence-free survival (LR-RFS). RESULTS:Sixty-six patients were reviewed with median follow-up of 16 months (range: 3-60 months). At time of first recurrence, 41% had invasive carcinoma with a ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) component, 41% had invasive carcinoma alone and 18% had DCIS alone. All were clinically node negative. For the reirradiation course, 95% received partial breast irradiation (PBI) (57.5% with 1.5 Gy BID; 27% with 1.8 Gy daily; 10.5% with hypofractionation), and 5% received whole breast irradiation (1.8-2 Gy/fx), all of whom had received PBI for initial course. One patient experienced grade 3 fibrosis, and one patient experienced grade 3 telangiectasia. None had grade 4 or higher late adverse events. We found no association between the fractionation of the second course of RT or the cumulative dose (measured as EQD2) with acute or late toxicity. At 2 years, OS was 100%, DMFS was 91.6%, and LR-RFS was 100%. CONCLUSION/CONCLUSIONS:In this series of patients with recurrent or new primary breast cancer, a second breast conservation surgery followed by reirradiation was effective with no local recurrences and an acceptable toxicity profile across a range of available fractionation regimens at a median follow up of 16 months. Longer follow up is required.
PMID: 36604352
ISSN: 1573-7217
CID: 5410082

Different Re-Irradiation Techniques after Breast-Conserving Surgery for Recurrent or New Primary Breast Cancer

Abeloos, Camille Hardy; Purswani, Juhi M; Galavis, Paulina; McCarthy, Allison; Hitchen, Christine; Choi, J Isabelle; Gerber, Naamit K
Breast re-irradiation (reRT) after breast-conserving surgery (BCS) using external beam radiation is an increasingly used salvage approach for women presenting with recurrent or new primary breast cancer. However, radiation technique, dose and fractionation as well as eligibility criteria differ between studies. There is also limited data on efficacy and safety of external beam hypofractionation and accelerated partial-breast irradiation (APBI) regimens. This paper reviews existing retrospective and prospective data for breast reRT after BCS, APBI reRT outcomes and delivery at our institution and the need for a randomized controlled trial using shorter courses of radiation to better define patient selection for different reRT fractionation regimens.
PMCID:9857440
PMID: 36661737
ISSN: 1718-7729
CID: 5415062

Radiation Management of DCIS and Elimination of RT in Low-risk Disease

Shah, Aishwarya; Gerber, Naamit Kurshan
Purpose of Review: This study summarizes the management and outcomes of ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS). It will review recent literature including data supporting the use of a radiation boost, partial breast irradiation, endocrine therapy, HER2 therapy, genomic assays, and omission of radiation or surgery. Recent Findings: Evidence suggests there are a cohort of patients who may benefit from either tumor bed boost, partial breast irradiation, or omission of radiation. Summary: The management for DCIS is continuously evolving in order to identify patients who have higher risk features that necessitate aggressive treatment and those with more favorable features in whom we can de-escalate treatment.
SCOPUS:85165174989
ISSN: 1943-4588
CID: 5549362

Radiation-induced skin changes after breast or chest wall irradiation in patients with breast cancer and skin of color: a systematic review

Purswani, Juhi M; Nwankwo, Christy; Adotama, Prince; Gutierrez, Daniel; Perez, Carmen A; Tattersall, Ian W; Gerber, Naamit K
INTRODUCTION/BACKGROUND:The purpose of this study is to systematically review data pertaining to breast cancer and radiation-induced skin reactions in patients with skin of color (SOC), as well as data pertaining to objective measurements of skin pigmentation in the assessment of radiation dermatitis (RD). METHODS AND MATERIALS/METHODS:We conducted a systematic review utilizing MEDLINE electronic databases to identify published studies until August 2022. Key inclusion criteria included studies that described RD in breast cancer with data pertaining to skin of color and/or characterization of pigmentation changes after radiation. RESULTS:We identified 17 prospective cohort studies, 7 cross-sectional studies, 5 retrospective studies and 4 randomized controlled trials. Prospective cohort and retrospective series demonstrate worse RD in African American (AA) patients using subjective physician-graded scales. There is more limited data in patients representing other non-White racial subgroups with SOC. 2 studies utilize patient reported outcomes and 15 studies utilize objective methods to characterize pigmentation change after radiation. There are no prospective and randomized studies that objectively describe pigmentation changes with radiotherapy in SOC. CONCLUSIONS:AA patients appear to have worse RD outcomes, though this is not uniformly observed across all studies. There are no studies that describe objective measures of RD and include baseline skin pigmentation as a variable, limiting the ability to draw uniform conclusions on the rate and impact of RD in SOC. We highlight the importance of objectively characterizing SOC and pigmentation changes before, during and after radiotherapy to understand the incidence and severity of RD in SOC.
PMID: 36335037
ISSN: 1938-0666
CID: 5358952

Regional nodal irradiation (RNI) in breast cancer patients with residual isolated tumor cells or micrometastatic nodal disease after neoadjuvant chemotherapy

Kim, Joseph K; Karp, Jerome M; Gerber, Naamit K
BACKGROUND/PURPOSE/UNASSIGNED:The optimal management of residual micrometastases and isolated tumor cells (ITC) in patients with invasive breast cancer who undergo neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) followed by definitive surgery is not well-studied. We evaluated the role of regional nodal irradiation (RNI) in clinically node-positive (cN1) breast cancer patients with residual low-volume nodal disease following NAC. METHODS/MATERIALS/UNASSIGNED:We queried the National Cancer Database (NCDB) and included patients with cN1 invasive breast cancer diagnosed from 2004 to 2016 who were treated with NAC and definitive surgery and had residual micrometastases (ypN1mi) or ITC (ypN0i+). We used univariable (UVA) and multivariable (MVA) Cox regression analyses to determine prognostic factors and Kaplan-Meier (KM) methods to evaluate overall survival (OS). We used inverse probability treatment weighting (IPTW) to reweight data to account for confounding factors. RESULTS/UNASSIGNED:Our final cohort included 1980 patients, including 527 patients with ypN0i + disease and 1453 patients with ypN1mi disease. 1101 patients (45.0%) received RNI in the overall cohort with a higher proportion of ypN1mi patients receiving RNI (56.5%) compared to 53.1% of ypN0i + patients. There was no significant difference in OS between ypN0i + and ypN1mi patients. RNI had no significant effect on OS in the overall cohort using Cox MVA and KM methods. With separate subset analysis of ypN0i + and ypN1mi patients, there was no significant effect of RNI on OS. This was confirmed with IPTW. CONCLUSIONS/UNASSIGNED:In a national hospital-based study of cN1 invasive breast cancer patients with residual ITC or micrometastases after NAC, RNI did not have a significant effect on OS.
PMCID:9720231
PMID: 36479237
ISSN: 2405-6308
CID: 5383102

Radiation Recall Dermatitis after Donor Lymphocyte Infusion for Adult T cell Leukemia Lymphoma post Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplant

Hardy-Abeloos, Camille; Gerber, Naamit; Shaikh, Fauzia
To our knowledge, this is the first case report describing radiation recall dermatitis (RRD) after donor lymphocyte infusion (DLI) after allogeneic stem cell transplant in a patient with Acute T cell Leukemia Lymphoma. Given its rare occurrence, unclear clinical characterization and etiology, RRD remains poorly understood. In the setting of novel immunotherapies and recent development of Covid 19 mRNA vaccines, we aimed to better characterize RRD and its most likely pathogenesis in our patient's case.
PMID: 36347452
ISSN: 1879-8519
CID: 5357232