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Dual response runs in prehospital trauma care

Murphy, J G; Cayten, C G; Stahl, W M; Glasser, M
The effects of dual responses [Basic Life Support (BLS) and Advanced Life Support (ALS)] on the outcomes of trauma patients were evaluated. Outcomes included changes in physiologic measurements between the scene and the emergency department (ED), and survival to hospital discharge. Data for 2394 patients with penetrating, motor vehicle crash (MVC), or other blunt injuries were included. Changes in physiologic measurements (Revised Trauma Scores) between the prehospital and ED settings were positively associated with documented ALS or dual response care. Survival to hospital discharge among penetrating injury patients was negatively related to dual responses, whereas that among MVC patients was positively associated with dual responses. Parallel results were found for a subset of more severely injured patients. Future research should confirm and refine these results so that protocols for the appropriate use of dual response runs can be developed.
PMID: 8371292
ISSN: 0022-5282
CID: 404332

Malignant lymphomas in a population at risk for acquired immune deficiency syndrome

Ahmed, T; Wormser, G P; Stahl, R E; Mamtani, R; Cimino, J; Glasser, M; Mittelman, A; Friedland, M; Arlin, Z
Certain neoplasia are closely associated with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). To evaluate this relationship the authors reviewed the occurrence of lymphomas in populations at high risk for AIDS; the study population included prisoners from New York State and nonprisoner intravenous drug abusers (IVDA). Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma was diagnosed in 16 prisoners, all of whom were IVDA, and four nonprisoner IVDA. The observed number of prisoners with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (11) diagnosed between January 1, 1981 and December 12, 1984, significantly greater than the expected number (2.28) based on age adjusted incidence rates for the US population (P less than 0.001). The calculated average incidence rate for non-Hodgkin's lymphoma among New York State prisoners aged 20 to 49 years was 21.5/10(5) to 67.2/10(5), which was nearly sixfold to 18-fold higher than the general population. For prisoner IVDA, specifically, this incidence may be as high as 164/10(5), which represents a 40-fold increase in the relative risk compared with the general population. It is concluded that, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma is frequently a manifestation of AIDS among IVDA, and is the most common malignancy seen in IVDA with AIDS.
PMID: 3594398
ISSN: 0008-543x
CID: 411812