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The impact of racism on Black American mental health

Cogburn, Courtney D; Roberts, Samuel K; Ransome, Yusuf; Addy, Nii; Hansen, Helena; Jordan, Ayana
Black individuals in the USA experience disparities in mental health that lead to unfavorable health outcomes and increased morbidity from mental illness due to centuries of racism. We emphasize the need to understand the roots of racial injustice to achieve racial equity. Historical factors such as European imperialism, enslavement, the myth of Black inferiority, and scientific racial classification have all perpetuated disparities, leading to the current underestimation, misdiagnosis, and inadequate treatment of mental illness in Black populations. Many of the issues discussed herein apply to Black people globally; however, our focus is on Black Americans and the inequities that result from the current US mental health system. We discuss the limitations of using the DSM-5 classification system and common epidemiological surveys, which do not capture or call for a comprehensive analysis of the systems producing mental health issues, to understand mental illness among Black Americans.
PMID: 38101873
ISSN: 2215-0374
CID: 5589042

Rethinking Psychiatry: Solutions for a Sociogenic Crisis

Hansen, Helena; Gutierrez, Kevin J.; Garcia, Saudi
This essay draws on Frantz Fanon"™s insights about the sociogenesis of psychiatric disorders, and on the insights of feminist standpoint theory, to sketch a map toward sociogenic mental health. We argue that psychiatry should move away from iatro-genesis (the harms of our current individual-level and pathologizing approach) toward sociogenesis of mental health through robust collaboration with social movements of oppressed people, and their collective healing approaches, ranging from harm reduction centers to community gardens. The essay ends with the outlines of a reinvented, community collaborative psychiatry that supports sociogenesis.
SCOPUS:85178435122
ISSN: 0011-5266
CID: 5621552

A scoping review of spirituality in relation to substance use disorders: Psychological, biological, and cultural issues

Galanter, Marc; White, William L; Khalsa, Jag; Hansen, Helena
BACKGROUND/UNASSIGNED:Spirituality is a construct encompassing a diversity of strongly held beliefs and pursuits related to life's meaning and purpose. Empirical studies in key domains of spirituality related to substance use disorder (SUD) can be valuable in guiding research, and potentially clinical care. OBJECTIVES/UNASSIGNED:To conduct a scoping review of research on the psychological, biological, and cultural dimensions of spirituality and their role in relation to SUD. To identify limitations in empirical findings within these domains and identify promising areas for related research. DATA SOURCES, STUDY APPRAISAL, AND SYNTHESIS METHODS/UNASSIGNED:Illustrative studies available in the empirical literature are reviewed in order to characterize these three key domains. RESULTS/UNASSIGNED:Certain areas of importance stand out: On Psychology, attribution of SUD to a spiritual outlook; spiritual awakening; the relation of spirituality to drug craving; and spirituality in the context of psychedelic-assisted psychotherapy. On Biology, heritability of traits related to shared spiritual experience; neurophysiologic correlates of spiritually related experiences; and correlates in brain imaging; On Culture, spiritual aspects of SUD in different cultural settings; distinctions between spiritual and religious phenomena; roles that international organizations play; and context of acquiring recovery capital. The need for further research in each area is defined. CONCLUSIONS/UNASSIGNED:There is utility in examining the diversity of findings in the roles of psychology, biology, and culture in the SUD field. Further research, particularly applying randomization and clinical controls, would be useful in improving the effective application of the construct of spirituality in clinical care.
PMID: 36772834
ISSN: 1545-0848
CID: 5427032

Lessons for the Opioid Crisis-Integrating Social Determinants of Health Into Clinical Care [Editorial]

Hansen, Helena; Jordan, Ayana; Plough, Alonzo; Alegria, Margarita; Cunningham, Chinazo; Ostrovsky, Andrey
PMCID:8965192
PMID: 35349328
ISSN: 1541-0048
CID: 5201072

Using Principles of Trauma-Informed Care to Address Structural Racism in Psychiatric Care

Flavin, Lila; Hammoud-Milad, Mira; Labinger, Kira; Wimberger, Nicole; Stork, Caitlin; Hansen, Helena
PMID: 35105167
ISSN: 1535-7228
CID: 5153532

The role of spirituality in addiction medicine: a position statement from the spirituality interest group of the international society of addiction medicine

Galanter, Marc; Hansen, Helena; Potenza, Marc N
Spirituality is a construct that is reflected in a diversity of strongly felt personal commitments in different cultural and national groups. For persons with substance use disorders (SUDs), it can serve as a component of the recovery capital available to them. This position statement reviews empirical research that can shed light on psychological, social, and biological aspects of this construct. On this basis, the Spirituality Interest Group of the International Society of Addiction Medicine (ISAM) makes recommendations for how this construct can be incorporated into research and clinical care.
PMID: 34214398
ISSN: 1547-0164
CID: 4927332

Psychiatry Diversity Leadership in Academic Medicine: Guidelines for Success

Jordan, Ayana; Shim, Ruth S; Rodriguez, Carolyn I; Bath, Eraka; Alves-Bradford, Jean-Marie; Eyler, Lisa; Trinh, Nhi-Ha; Hansen, Helena; Mangurian, Christina
PMID: 33641375
ISSN: 1535-7228
CID: 4882292

Public policy and health in the Trump era

Woolhandler, Steffie; Himmelstein, David U; Ahmed, Sameer; Bailey, Zinzi; Bassett, Mary T; Bird, Michael; Bor, Jacob; Bor, David; Carrasquillo, Olveen; Chowkwanyun, Merlin; Dickman, Samuel L; Fisher, Samantha; Gaffney, Adam; Galea, Sandro; Gottfried, Richard N; Grumbach, Kevin; Guyatt, Gordon; Hansen, Helena; Landrigan, Philip J; Lighty, Michael; McKee, Martin; McCormick, Danny; McGregor, Alecia; Mirza, Reza; Morris, Juliana E; Mukherjee, Joia S; Nestle, Marion; Prine, Linda; Saadi, Altaf; Schiff, Davida; Shapiro, Martin; Tesema, Lello; Venkataramani, Atheendar
PMID: 33581802
ISSN: 1474-547x
CID: 4786302

Transforming Mental Health And Addiction Services

Alegría, Margarita; Frank, Richard G; Hansen, Helena B; Sharfstein, Joshua M; Shim, Ruth S; Tierney, Matt
Even with great advances in behavioral health policy in the last decade, the problems of mental illness and addiction persist in the United States-so more needs to be done. In this article, which is part of the National Academy of Medicine's Vital Directions for Health and Health Care: Priorities for 2021 initiative, we describe the steps needed to improve outcomes, focusing on three strategies. We argue for transforming the behavioral health system to meet people where they are, decriminalizing mental illness and substance use disorders to facilitate recovery, and raising awareness of social context and social needs as essential to effective care. We call for supporting structures in the workforce and structures of accountability, outcome measurement, and more generous financing of behavioral health care. These steps have costs, but the enormous benefits of a major transformation in behavioral health policy far outweigh the expenses.
PMID: 33476189
ISSN: 1544-5208
CID: 4835342

A Global Survey on Changes in the Supply, Price, and Use of Illicit Drugs and Alcohol, and Related Complications During the 2020 COVID-19 Pandemic

Farhoudian, Ali; Radfar, Seyed Ramin; Mohaddes Ardabili, Hossein; Rafei, Parnian; Ebrahimi, Mohsen; Khojasteh Zonoozi, Arash; De Jong, Cornelis A J; Vahidi, Mehrnoosh; Yunesian, Masud; Kouimtsidis, Christos; Arunogiri, Shalini; Hansen, Helena; Brady, Kathleen T; Potenza, Marc N; Baldacchino, Alexander Mario; Ekhtiari, Hamed
PMCID:8377291
PMID: 34421664
ISSN: 1664-0640
CID: 5116822