Faculty Bibliography

Patients requiring complex or extensive surgery are often at high risk for perioperative and postoperative nutrition risk. Despite published guidelines, providing adequate nutrition to these patients continues to remain a clinical challenge. Using the case of a patient with preoperative nutrition risk who will need to undergo timely cancer resectional surgery, speakers presenting at the American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition 2022 Preconference discussed novel strategies to assess for nutrition risk, enhanced recovery after surgery, and preoperative and postoperative nutrition management in these often complex surgical patients.

There is evidence that significant quality problems arise as patients transitions in care from one setting to another. Attention to nutrition during transitions of care is important to avoid complication. During the American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition 2022 preconference course, nutrition during transition of care from pediatric to adult care, from the intensive care unit to the hospital floors and from the hospital to home was addressed.

BACKGROUND:Malnutrition is underrecognized and underdiagnosed, despite high prevalence rates and associated poor clinical outcomes. The involvement of clinical nutrition experts, especially physicians, in the care of high-risk patients with malnutrition remains low despite evidence demonstrating lower complication rates with nutrition support team (NST) management. To facilitate solutions, a survey was designed to elucidate the nature of NSTs and physician involvement and identify needs for novel nutrition support care models. METHODS:This survey assessed demographics of NSTs, factors contributing to the success of NSTs, elements of nutrition education, and other barriers to professional growth. RESULTS:Of 255 respondents, 235 complete surveys were analyzed. The geographic distribution of respondents correlated with population concentrations of the United States (r = 90.8%, p < .0001). Most responding physicians (46/57; 80.7%) reported being a member of NSTs, compared with 56.5% (88/156) of dietitians. Of those not practicing in NSTs (N = 81/235, 34.4%), 12.3% (10/81) reported an NST was previously present at their institution but had been disbanded. Regarding NSTs, financial concerns were common (115/235; 48.9%), followed by leadership (72/235; 30.6%), and healthcare professional (HCP) interest (55/235; 23.4%). A majority (173/235; 73.6%) of all respondents wanted additional training in nutrition but reported insufficient protected time, ability to travel, or support from administrators or other HCPs. CONCLUSION/CONCLUSIONS:Core actions resulting from this survey focused on formalizing physician roles, increasing interdisciplinary nutrition support expertise, utilizing cost-effective screening for malnutrition, and implementing intervention protocols. Additional actions included increasing funding for clinical practice, education, and research, all within an expanded portfolio of pragmatic nutrition support care models.

Pharmacologic management for ulcerative colitis (UC) has recently been expanded to include anti- tumor necrosis factor (TNF) therapy for severe disease. Infliximab, a chimeric monoclonal antibody directed again TNF alpha was first tested in patients with Crohn's disease. In addition to serious infections, malignancy, drug induced lupus and other autoimmune diseases, serum sickness-like reactions, neurological disease, and infusion reactions further complicate the use of Infliximab. We report a case of prolonged fever after Infliximab infusion to treat steroid refractory UC.