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An Emergency Department Presentation of Severe Colitis After a Home Hydrogen Peroxide Enema [Case Report]

Offenbacher, Joseph; Kristol, Delia; Cain, Darnell; Kim, Peter; Nguyen, Vincent
BACKGROUND:) enemas are readily available. CASE REPORT/METHODS:is well described in the literature, there are few reports of the sequelae related to rectal administration. Due to its significant morbidity and the public health concerns related to this mechanism of toxicity, emergency physicians are at the frontlines for diagnosing and properly managing these patients. This case report reviews the patient's presentation, findings, and management.
PMID: 31104768
ISSN: 0736-4679
CID: 4844592

Loop ileostomy versus total colectomy as surgical treatment for Clostridium difficile-associated disease: An Eastern Association for the Surgery of Trauma multicenter trial

Ferrada, Paula; Callcut, Rachael; Zielinski, Martin D; Bruns, Brandon; Yeh, Daniel Dante; Zakrison, Tanya L; Meizoso, Jonathan P; Sarani, Babak; Catalano, Richard D; Kim, Peter; Plant, Valerie; Pasley, Amelia; Dultz, Linda A; Choudhry, Asad J; Haut, Elliott R
OBJECTIVES: The mortality of patients with Clostridium difficile-associated disease (CDAD) requiring surgery continues to be very high. Loop ileostomy (LI) was introduced as an alternative procedure to total colectomy (TC) for CDAD by a single-center study. To date, no reproducible results have been published. The objective of this study was to compare these two procedures in a multicentric approach to help the surgeon decide what procedure is best suited for the patient in need. METHODS: This was a retrospective multicenter study conducted under the sponsorship of the Eastern Association for the Surgery of Trauma. Demographics, medical history, clinical presentation, APACHE score, and outcomes were collected. We used the Research Electronic Data Capture tool to store the data. Mann-Whitney (continuous data) and Fisher exact (categorical data) were used to compare TC with LI. Logistic regression was performed to determine predictors of mortality. A propensity score analysis was done to control for potential confounders and determine adjusted mortality rates by procedure type. RESULTS: We collected data from 10 centers of patients who presented with CDAD requiring surgery between July 1, 2010 and July 30, 2014. Two patients died during the surgical procedure, leaving 98 individuals in the study. The overall mortality was 32%, and 75% had postoperative complications. Median age was 64.5 years; 59% were male. Concerning preoperative patient conditions, 54% were on pressors, 47% had renal failure, and 36% had respiratory failure. When comparing TC and LI, there was no statistical difference regarding these conditions. Univariate preprocedure predictors of mortality were age, lactate, timing of operation, vasopressor use, and acute renal failure. There was no statistical difference between the APACHE score of patients undergoing either procedure (TC, 22 vs LI, 16). Adjusted mortality (controlled for preprocedure confounders) was significantly lower in the LI group (17.2% vs 39.7%; p = 0.002). CONCLUSIONS: This is the first multicenter study comparing TC with LI for the treatment of CDAD. In this study, LI carried less mortality than TC. In patients without contraindications, LI should be considered for the surgical treatment of CDAD. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Therapeutic study, level III.
PMCID:5998809
PMID: 28426557
ISSN: 2163-0763
CID: 2650482

Immunomodulatory effects of a tyrosine kinase inhibitor and vascular remodeling properties of a cancer vaccine potentiate combinatorial immunotherapy [Meeting Abstract]

Donahue, Renee N; Grenga, Italia; Kim, Peter S; Coplin, Michael A; Hodge, James W; Schlom, Jeffrey; Farsaci, Benedetto P
ORIGINAL:0015414
ISSN: 1538-7445
CID: 5116522

Pharmacogenomics of HIV therapy: summary of a workshop sponsored by the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases [Meeting Abstract]

Haas, David W; Kuritzkes, Daniel R; Ritchie, Marylyn D; Amur, Shashi; Gage, Brian F; Maartens, Gary; Masys, Dan; Fellay, Jacques; Phillips, Elizabeth; Ribaudo, Heather J; Freedberg, Kenneth A; Petropoulos, Christos; Manolio, Teri A; Gulick, Roy M; Haubrich, Richard; Kim, Peter; Dehlinger, Marjorie; Abebe, Rahel; Telenti, Amalio
PMCID:3322423
PMID: 22180526
ISSN: 1528-4336
CID: 892822

Complications of pregnancy and child development after cessation of treatment with 6-mercaptopurine for inflammatory bowel disease

Zlatanic, Jusuf; Korelitz, Burton I; Rajapakse, Ramona; Kim, Peter S; Rubin, Steven D; Baiocco, Peter J; Panagopoulos, Georgia
PURPOSE: 6-Mercaptopurine (6-MP) has proven efficacy in the therapy of inflammatory bowel disease. Its teratogenicity is demonstrated in animal studies when used at very high doses, whereas human data suggest that 6-MP at maintenance doses is safe. We report the outcome of 72 pregnancies in patients with inflammatory bowel disease who were previously treated with 6-MP with three different doses of 50, 75, and 100 mg/d, for a median duration of 18 months, along with long-term follow-up of the children. METHODS: We have compared the outcome of pregnancies and development of the offspring in the following two groups: group 1, patients with inflammatory bowel disease who conceived 6 months to 22 years after stopping 6-MP (median 72 months); and group 2, patients with inflammatory bowel disease who never received 6-MP prior to conception. All pregnancies were evaluated in terms of outcome: live full-term birth, premature delivery, stillbirth, spontaneous abortion, ectopic pregnancy, and therapeutic dilatation and curettage. Data on children were obtained regarding birth weight, congenital anomalies, and development. RESULTS: Group 1 included 72 pregnancies carried by 29 women. There were 51 live births (4 premature), 16 spontaneous abortions, 1 stillbirth, 2 therapeutic abortions due to abnormal amniocentesis, and 2 ectopic pregnancies. The total incidence of fetal loss was 29.2%. In group 2, 75 women had 140 pregnancies resulting in 120 live births (8 premature), 18 spontaneous abortions, and 2 stillbirths. There were no cases of ectopic pregnancies or abnormal amniocentesis. The total incidence of fetal loss was 14.3%. There was no increase in the incidence of developmental defects when the mothers had been treated with 6-MP prior to pregnancy. CONCLUSIONS: The incidence of fetal loss is higher in women with inflammatory bowel disease who had been previously treated with 6-MP compared with those who had not. Whether this was related to the older age at conception in 6-MP group, longer duration of disease, initially more severe disease, or use of 6-MP we cannot tell
PMID: 12642735
ISSN: 0192-0790
CID: 65348

Optimum duration of treatment with 6-mercaptopurine for Crohn's disease

Kim PS; Zlatanic J; Korelitz BI; Gleim GW
OBJECTIVE: 6-Mercaptopurine (6MP) and azathioprine are immunomodulators used in the treatment of refractory Crohn's disease. Studies have confirmed their efficacy and value in maintenance of remission, but it is our purpose to determine how long 6MP/azathioprine should be continued once remission has been accomplished. METHODS: Careful follow-up was accomplished in patients with Crohn's disease seen at one medical center who were treated with 6MP for > or = 6 months, who achieved remission within 1 yr of initiation of therapy, and who were in prolonged clinical remission (> or = 6 months without steroids). The time-to-relapse was calculated in those who continued treatment, in those who stopped treatment for reasons other than a relapse, and in the whole sample, taking into account that they could be treated with the drug, or could not, as a function of time. The influence of concomitant variables on the time-to-relapse rate was evaluated. RESULTS: A total of 120 patients met the inclusion criteria. The cumulative probabilities of relapse at 1, 2, 3, and 5 yr for those who continued to take 6MP and for those who stopped the therapy for reasons other than a relapse are as follows: Patients maintained on 6MP (n = 84): 1 yr, 29%; 2 yr, 45%; 3 yr, 55%; 5 yr, 61%. Patients who terminated 6MP (n = 36): 1 yr, 36%; 2 yr, 71%; 3 yr, 85%; 5 yr, 85%. Sex, distribution of disease, duration of disease, time to remission on 6MP, and concomitant 5-ASA use did not influence the relapse rates. Younger age was associated with a higher rate of relapse in patients who were maintained on 6MP. A higher daily dose of 6MP was associated with a higher relapse rate. CONCLUSIONS: Discontinuation of 6MP, while Crohn's disease is in remission, leads to higher relapse rates and continuation of 6MP reduces the likelihood of relapse. Therefore, we favor the indefinite use of 6MP once remission has been achieved
PMID: 10566725
ISSN: 0002-9270
CID: 56483

Large sessile colonic adenomas: use of argon plasma coagulator to supplement piecemeal snare polypectomy

Zlatanic, J; Waye, J D; Kim, P S; Baiocco, P J; Gleim, G W
BACKGROUND: Residual adenoma is frequently found at the site of endoscopically resected large sessile adenomas on follow-up examination. We evaluated the efficacy of a thermal energy source, the argon plasma coagulator, to destroy visible residual adenoma after piecemeal resection of sessile polyps. METHODS: Seventy-seven piecemeal polypectomies with or without the use of argon plasma coagulator were analyzed retrospectively. All polyps were sessile, 20 mm or greater in size. The results from three groups of patients were compared. The study group was composed of patients who had visible residual adenoma after piecemeal polypectomy and had the base of the polypectomy site treated with the argon plasma coagulator. The first comparison group consisted of patients who underwent standard piecemeal polypectomy in whom the colonoscopist thought that all adenomatous tissue was removed and no further treatment was necessary. The second comparison group included patients in whom visible residual adenoma was left at the base after piecemeal resection of large adenomas. Follow-up colonoscopy was performed approximately 6 months after the initial procedure to check for recurrent/residual adenomatous tissue. RESULTS: The argon plasma coagulator was used after 30 piecemeal polypectomies in an attempt to eradicate visible residual adenomatous tissue; at follow-up, 50% of these cases had complete eradication of adenoma. The group in whom all visible tumor was removed by piecemeal polypectomy alone had an adenoma eradication rate of 54% on follow-up colonoscopy. In the patients in whom visible residual adenoma was left at the site the recurrence rate was 100% on the follow-up examination. Bleeding necessitating endoscopic therapy occurred once (3.3%) in the argon plasma coagulator group; there were four (12.5%) bleeding episodes and one (3.1%) confined retroperitoneal perforation in the complete piecemeal polypectomy group and no complications in the group in which polypectomy was incomplete. CONCLUSIONS: Argon plasma coagulator ablation of residual adenomatous tissue at the polypectomy base is safe and useful. It helps to complete the eradication of large sessile polyps when there is visible evidence of residual polyp.
PMID: 10343218
ISSN: 0016-5107
CID: 491682

Inflammatory bowel disease and immune thrombocytopenic purpura: is there a correlation? [Case Report]

Zlatanic J; Korelitz BI; Wisch N; Kim P; Ammirati M; Schwarz S; Gruenstein S; Lipsey L
Different hematologic abnormalities are often encountered in patients with inflammatory bowel disease. Among them anemia, leukocytosis, and thrombocytosis are commonly seen. Leukopenia and thrombocytopenia are observed mostly as a side effect of therapy, particularly with use of immunosuppressive drugs. Immune thrombocytopenic purpura is rarely reported in association with inflammatory bowel disease. We present two cases with combination of these entities along with a literature review and treatment options. Immune thrombocytopenic purpura in these patients presented as an extraintestinal manifestation of inflammatory bowel disease mediated by a disturbance of the immune system
PMID: 9399771
ISSN: 0002-9270
CID: 12207

Crohn's disease and acute leukocytoclastic vasculitis of skin [see comments] [Comment]

Zlatanic J; Fleisher M; Sasson M; Kim P; Korelitz BI
A 39-yr-old white male with a prolonged history of Crohn's disease presented with worsening diarrhea associated with an increasingly painful rash of both lower extremities as well as left ankle swelling. A skin biopsy revealed an acute leukocytoclastic vasculitis. Intravenous hydrocortisone followed by oral prednisone achieved a rapid remission of the both cutaneous and gastrointestinal manifestations. Long-term remission has been maintained with 6-mercaptopurine and mesalamine. The rare association between cutaneous vasculitis and Crohn's disease is discussed and earlier reported cases reviewed
PMID: 8931427
ISSN: 0002-9270
CID: 11473