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Diagnosis in young children: The use of the DC:0-5TM Diagnostic Classification of Mental Health and Developmental Disorders in Infancy and Early Childhood

Chapter by: Mulrooney, Kathleen; Egger, Helen; Wagner, Stephanie; Knickerbocker, Lauren
in: Clinical guide to psychiatric assessment of infants and young children by Frankel, Karen A [Ed]; Harrison, Joyce [Ed]; Njoroge, Wanjiku F
[S.l.] : Springer, 2019
pp. 253-283
ISBN: 978-3-030-10634-8
CID: 4781612

Preoperative parent anxiety and postoperative infant pain: A prospective study of infants undergoing cleft and craniofacial surgery [Meeting Abstract]

Rosenberg, R; Clark, R; Chibbaro, P; Mendelsohn, A; Feudtner, C; Bruzzese, J -M; Knickerbocker, L; Hambrick, H
Background/Purpose: Parent anxiety can affect infant experiences of procedural pain. However, little is known about other parent psychological factors associated with parent anxiety related to infant/toddler cleft and craniofacial surgery, and to what degree preoperative parent anxiety affects infant/toddler experiences of postoperative pain. Objectives 1. To identify psychological factors associated with preoperative anxiety for parents with young infants/toddlers undergoing craniofacial surgery 2. To determine whether preoperative parent anxiety is associated with infant/toddler postoperative pain Methods/Description: This was a prospective cohort study of all patients undergoing primary cleft and craniofacial surgery at a tertiary care medical center. Seventy-one consecutive parents of infants/toddlers 2-18 months were recruited for this study. Preoperative parent assessment included: anxiety (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale [HADS]), coping (Brief COPE), Parent Health Locus of Control scale, de novo self-efficacy around child pain, and pain knowledge. Sociodemographic data included child's age, gender; previous surgery, NICU or feeding tube; and parent age, gender, socioeconomic status, and race. Subsequent nurse-assessed child pain scores were collected for patients admitted postoperatively. Analyses included hierarchical multivariable logistic and linear regression models. Results: Parents (n=71, 90% female) of young children (mean age 6.6 mo) undergoing cleft lip/palate (n=59) or cranial vault repair (n=13) were enrolled. Only maladaptive coping (OR 1.3, p<0.01, 95% CI 1.1, 1.6), low pain management parent self-efficacy (OR 2.4, p<0.01, 95% CI 1.3, 4.5), and external locus of control (1.74, p 0.024, 95% CI 11, 2.9) were associated with high anxiety on bivariable analysis. In the final model, odds of parent preoperative anxiety was associated with differences in maladaptive coping score (aOR). Moderate/severe preoperative parental anxiety (HADS>10) was correlated with significantly higher child mean hospital pain scores in families of children undergoing cleft lip repair (1.87 point on 0-10 scale, 95% CI.42, 3.70, p =0.045). Conclusions: Infants/toddlers undergoing cleft and craniofacial surgery with highly anxious parents prior to surgery are at greater risk for higher hospital pain. Coping and self-efficacy are modifiable factors that contribute to parent anxiety before and during hospitalization and may be targets for intervention. Health locus of control could be incorporated into preoperative screening for vulnerable families
EMBASE:617893464
ISSN: 1545-1569
CID: 2682182

Multidisciplinary Child Protection Decision Making About Physical Abuse: Determining Substantiation Thresholds and Biases

Jent, Jason F; Eaton, Cyd K; Knickerbocker, Lauren; Lambert, Walter F; Merrick, Melissa T; Dandes, Susan K
The current study examined the threshold at which multidisciplinary child protection team (CPT) professionals substantiate physical abuse allegations and the extent that they utilize potentially biased constructs in their decision making when presented with the same case evidence. State legal definitions of child maltreatment are broad. Therefore, the burden of interpretation is largely on CPT professionals who must determine at what threshold physical acts by parents surpass corporal discipline and constitute child physical abuse. Biased or subjective decisions may be made if certain case-specific characteristics or CPT professionals' personal characteristics are used in making physical abuse determinations. Case vignettes with visual depictions of inflicted injuries were sent to CPT professionals in Florida and their substantiation decisions, personal beliefs about corporal discipline, and coercive discipline were collected. Results of the study demonstrated relatively high agreement among professionals across vignettes about what constitutes physical abuse. Further, CPT professionals strongly considered their perceptions of the severity of inflicted injuries in substantiation decisions. Although case specific characteristics did not bias decisions in a systematic way, some CPT professional characteristics influenced the substantiation of physical abuse. Practice implications and future directions of research are discussed.
PMCID:3145416
PMID: 21804681
ISSN: 0190-7409
CID: 832262

Families, Violence, and Abuse

Chapter by: Owen, Daniela J.; Knickerbocker, Lauren; Heyman, Richard E.; Slep, Amy M.Smith
in: The Wiley-Blackwell Handbook of Family Psychology by
[S.l.] : Blackwell Publishing Ltd, 2010
pp. 729-741
ISBN: 9781405169943
CID: 2873322

Evidence-based substantiation criteria: Improving the reliability of field decisions of child maltreatment and partner abuse

Heyman, Richard E; Collins, PS; Slep, Amy MS; Knickerbocker, Lauren
ORIGINAL:0009424
ISSN: 0893-4231
CID: 1448862

Co-occurrence of child and partner maltreatment: Definitions, prevalence, theory, and implications for assessment

Knickerbocker, Lauren; Heyman, Richard E; Smith-Slep, Amy M; Jouriles, Ernest N; McDonald Renee
This paper addresses issues in the literature regarding the co-occurrence of partner and child physical maltreatment in the United States and in Europe. Design issues including operationalizations, representativeness of samples, data collection methods, and reference periods are discussed in the context of prevalence studies. Next, possible explanations for the pervasiveness of co-occurring maltreatment are explored with an emphasis on theoretical models and mechanisms of co-occurrence. Finally, we offer assessment implications for clinicians and agencies dealing with partner and child maltreatment
ORIGINAL:0009423
ISSN: 1016-9040
CID: 1448832