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MR imaging features of radial tunnel syndrome: initial experience

Ferdinand, Brett D; Rosenberg, Zehava Sadka; Schweitzer, Mark E; Stuchin, Steven A; Jazrawi, Laith M; Lenzo, Salvatore R; Meislin, Robert J; Kiprovski, Kiril
PURPOSE: To retrospectively assess magnetic resonance (MR) imaging features of radial tunnel syndrome. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Institutional review board approval was obtained, and informed consent was waived for the retrospective HIPAA-compliant study. MR images of 10 asymptomatic volunteers (six men, four women; mean age, 30 years) and 25 patients (11 men, 14 women; mean age, 49 years) clinically suspected of having radial tunnel syndrome were reviewed for morphologic and signal intensity alterations of the posterior interosseous nerve and adjacent soft-tissue structures. MR images of the asymptomatic volunteers were reviewed to establish the normal appearance of the radial tunnel. MR images of the symptomatic patients were evaluated for the following: signal intensity alteration and morphologic alteration of the posterior interosseous nerve; the presence of mass effect on the posterior interosseous nerve such as the presence of bursae, a thickened leading edge of the extensor carpi radialis brevis, or prominent radial recurrent vessels; signal intensity alteration within the depicted forearm musculature such as edema or atrophy; and signal intensity changes at the origin of the common extensor and common flexor tendons, which would suggest a diagnosis of epicondylitis. RESULTS: All images of volunteers demonstrated normal morphology and signal intensity within the posterior interosseous nerve and adjacent soft tissues. Two volunteers had borderline thickening of the leading edge of the extensor carpi radialis brevis. Thirteen patients (52%) had denervation edema or atrophy within muscles (supinator and extensors) innervated by the posterior interosseous nerve. One patient had isolated pronator teres edema. Seven (28%) patients had the following mass effects along the posterior interosseous nerve: thickened leading edge of the extensor carpi radialis brevis (n = 4), prominent radial recurrent vessels (n = 1), schwannoma (n = 1), or bicipitoradial bursa (n = 1). The rest of the patients had either normal MR imaging findings (n = 4) or lateral epicondylitis (n = 2). CONCLUSION: Muscle denervation edema or atrophy along the distribution of the posterior interosseous nerve is the most common MR finding in radial tunnel syndrome
PMID: 16793976
ISSN: 0033-8419
CID: 66465

The elbow: MR features of nerve disorders

Rosenberg ZS; Beltran J; Cheung YY; Ro SY; Green SM; Lenzo SR
The authors retrospectively reviewed 15 magnetic resonance (MR) studies of elbows with radiographic evidence of nerve disorders. These 15 cases were selected from 55 MR studies of the elbow in patients referred for various complaints. MR images of the elbow of 10 healthy volunteers were also reviewed. Ulnar nerve disorders were seen in 11 cases. Three patients had median nerve disease, and one patient had a pathologic condition of the radial nerve. The following nerve abnormalities were detected: focal or diffuse nerve thickening, increased signal intensity on T2-weighted images, and course deviation due to either mass effect or spontaneous subluxation. Six of seven patients with nerve thickening, two of two patients with increased nerve signal intensity, and five of eight patients with nerve displacement complained of neurologic symptoms. Four of the patients underwent surgery; in each, surgical results confirmed the findings at MR. These results suggest that MR imaging has a potential role in the detection of nerve disorders at the elbow and in the guidance of treatment
PMID: 8390069
ISSN: 0033-8419
CID: 25255

Distal joint injuries of the thumb and fingers

Lenzo SR
The DIP joints of fingers and the interphalangeal joints of thumbs provide important stability and contribute to the flexion and extension arc of the digit. A variety of injuries can affect these joints, involving their ligaments, bones, and tendons. Instituting proper and effective treatment is predicated on making an accurate diagnosis of the injury and understanding the function of each anatomic structure
PMID: 1460073
ISSN: 0749-0712
CID: 25256

Surgical management of late post-traumatic and ischemic neuropathies involving the lower extremities: classification and results of therapy

Lusskin, R; Battista, A; Lenzo, S; Price, A
Traumatic/ischemic events such as fractures, dislocations, lacerations, compression, vascular injuries, and embolus can result in several degrees of nerve injury with resultant sequelae of paralysis, sensory loss, and irritative phenomena (pain, hyperesthesia, and dysesthesia). Neuroma pain may prevent rehabilitation following amputation or nerve lacerations. Thirty-four patients with the late sequelae of traumatic/ischemic neuropathies underwent 36 neural operations using magnification techniques to define and repair neural lesions. Major bone and joint reconstruction could be performed at the same operation with protection of arterial and venous supply. A recovery score using defined criteria for motor, sensory, and irritative (pain) recovery has been developed to quantify the end results in compression/ischemia, contusion/stretch, laceration, idiopathic/irritative disorder, and painful neuroma. Excellent and good results were found in 39 of the 87 specific deficits analyzed (45%). Thus, there is the possibility of improved results in these late neuropathies with therapy before irrevocable muscle fibrosis occurs and intractable pain develops
PMID: 3770597
ISSN: 0198-0211
CID: 74821