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Headache in otolaryngology: rhinogenic and beyond [Editorial]

Levine, Howard; Setzen, Michael
PMID: 24680499
ISSN: 0030-6665
CID: 867232

Why the Confusion About Sinus Headache?

Levine, Howard; Setzen, Michael; Holy, Chantal
Patients often believe they have a sinus headache when in fact the headache frequently has another cause. The diagnosis of sinus headache can be confusing because of signs and symptoms in common with migraine. Although not as common a diagnosis as migraine, sinus headache and the associated treatments can be found extensively in references on the Internet.
PMID: 24680486
ISSN: 0030-6665
CID: 931042

A monoclonal antibody reactive with a 15-kDa cytoplasmic granule-associated protein defines a subpopulation of CD8+ T lymphocytes

Anderson, P; Nagler-Anderson, C; O'Brien, C; Levine, H; Watkins, S; Slayter, H S; Blue, M L; Schlossman, S F
We have recently described a novel method for the production and characterization of mAb reactive with T cell-restricted intracellular antigens. From a panel of antibodies that react specifically with permeabilized T lymphocytes but not with permeabilized B lymphocytes or native T cells, we have selected one, designated TIA-1, that reacts with 20 to 36% of digitonin permeabilized peripheral blood T lymphocytes. Flow cytometric analysis of purified CD4+ and CD8+ subsets showed TIA-1 to recognize a subpopulation of 49 to 64% of CD8+ lymphocytes. Little or no reactivity with CD4+ resting T lymphocytes was observed. TIA-1 did not react with any of a panel of T cell lines, B cell lines, or monocytoid cell lines. TIA-1 reacted strongly with NK cell clones and CD8+ cytolytic T cell clones, and less strongly with CD4+-activated T cell clones, suggesting a preferential expression in cells possessing cytolytic potential. Cell fractionation experiments showed TIA-1 to be membrane associated. Furthermore, Percoll gradient fractionation of a cytolytic T cell clone (T4T8C1) showed the majority of TIA-1 to be contained in a low density membrane fraction that also contained serine protease activity. Immunoelectron microscopy showed TIA-1 to decorate the membranes of electron lucent and electron dense cytoplasmic granules in this same cytolytic T cell clone. Biochemical analysis showed TIA-1 to be a 15-kDa protein in unstimulated T cells. Upon activation with Con A or anti-CD3 antibodies. TIA-1 was induced to form disulfide linked dimers, trimers, and tetramers of the basic 15-kDa unit. Taken together, our data suggest that TIA-1 is a cytolytic granule associated protein that may define a subpopulation of resting CD8+ T lymphocytes possessing cytolytic potential.
PMID: 2104899
ISSN: 0022-1767
CID: 3952052

Expression of B cell activation antigens on normal and malignant B cells

Freedman, A S; Boyd, A W; Berrebi, A; Horowitz, J C; Levy, D N; Rosen, K J; Daley, J; Slaughenhoupt, B; Levine, H; Nadler, L M
In an attempt to relate the functional events of B cell activation with changes in cell surface molecules, we have used a panel of monoclonal antibodies directed against cell surface antigens expressed on activated but not resting B cells, to determine a sequence of activation antigen expression following anti-immunoglobulin stimulation. Within the first 24 hr of culture with anti-Ig, resting splenic B cells were induced to express B5 and interleukin-2 receptor (IL-2R) and subsequently express T9 and BB1 by 48 hr. Maximum antigen expression was seen by day 3 with the majority of cells expressing B5, IL-2R, T9, and BB1, and fewer numbers of cells expressing Blast-1 and Blast-2. By day 6, the expression of these antigens significantly decreased. Dual fluorochrome staining of anti-Ig activated B cells demonstrated heterogeneity of activation antigen expression, suggesting the existence of subpopulations of activated B cells. In an attempt to relate the non-Hodgkin's lymphomas (NHLs) to this sequence of activation, 69 tumor samples from patients with B cell NHLs were then examined for expression of these activation antigens. Histologically defined subgroups of B cell NHLs demonstrated differential expression of activation antigens with B5, BB1, and T9 exhibiting the widest distribution, whereas IL-2R, Blast-1, and Blast-2 demonstrated more limited expression. The finding that no B cell malignancy phenotypically resembles the small resting B lymphocyte coupled with the observation that virtually all B cell NHLs examined expressed activation antigens suggests that these tumors may be the neoplastic counterparts of subpopulations of activated B lymphocytes.
PMID: 3118102
ISSN: 0887-6924
CID: 3826592