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An Adolescent Parents' Programme to Reduce Child Abuse

McHugh, Margaret T; Kvernland, Alexandra; Palusci, Vincent J
Teen pregnancy is a significant social, political and economic issue, and potential adverse outcomes for children of adolescent mothers include a higher incidence of low birth weight, prematurity, developmental delays, cognitive and behavioural deficits, and school failure. These children are also at a greater risk for abuse and neglect as well as intentional injury by their adolescent mothers. We evaluated child abuse reporting and the health outcomes for infants and their adolescent parents in Bellevue Hospital's Adolescent Parenting Program to assess whether better outcomes were achieved for mother-baby dyads in our adolescent mothers' groups compared to the general clinic and New York City populations. We found that those who completed a full year of the programme during 2011-12 had some significantly improved measures compared to those who did not, with fewer child abuse reports and more well-baby visits, more immunisations and earlier referral for developmental delays. There were additional health benefits for the adolescent mothers noted as well. We concluded that a specialised programme for high-risk adolescent mothers and their babies offers a number of benefits compared to standard separate care, but more research and funding are needed to tailor programmes to the unique needs of adolescent mothers in diverse social and educational contexts
ISI:000405296600003
ISSN: 1099-0852
CID: 2645202

Basic principles of abuse in children and adolescents

Chapter by: Palusci, Vincent J.; McHugh, Margaret T.
in: Chronic Disease and Disability: Abuse and Neglect in Childhood and Adolescence by
[S.l.] : Nova Science Publishers, Inc., 2016
pp. 63-101
ISBN: 9781536101294
CID: 2769072

Child abuse and maltreatment

Chapter by: Palusci, Vincent J; McHugh, Margaret T
in: Sexuality: Some international aspects by Merrick, Joav; Greydanus, Donald E [Eds]
Hauppauge, NY, US: Nova Science Publishers, 2016
pp. 109-137
ISBN: 978-1-63484-707-0
CID: 2399782

Adolescents as victims and perpetrators of violence

Legano, Lori; McHugh, Margaret
The hallmark of adolescent development is risk-taking behavior, mostly benign in nature, with no sequelae in adulthood. For that small number of adolescents for whom risk-taking behaviors are dangerous, for themselves and others, there are common childhood factors that may lead to those behaviors. In studies of adolescent victims, as well as perpetrators, a common theme can be identified, ie, maltreatment. The adolescent who visits Internet chat rooms, meets unknown individuals, and is later sexually assaulted by that individual is often a victim of sexual abuse in earlier childhood. Studies demonstrate that when adolescents are perpetrators of violent acts, they have a history of childhood physical abuse and often ongoing exposure to violence in their homes. For victims and perpetrators, there can be a common source of primary prevention in children rather than secondary interventions later in adolescence. That source can be a medical care provider in a medical home. Discussion of Internet usage with a 10-year-old by a medical provider may prevent later victimization. Identification and provision of services to families involved in domestic violence situations can help children establish positive adult roles with peers and future partners.
PMID: 23705523
ISSN: 1934-4287
CID: 361772

Child abuse and neglect

Legano, Lori; McHugh, Margaret T; Palusci, Vincent J
PMID: 19138647
ISSN: 1538-3199
CID: 95410

The other interlabial mass: hymenal cyst [Case Report]

Berkman, Douglas S; McHugh, Margaret T; Shapiro, Ellen
PMID: 15076309
ISSN: 0022-5347
CID: 46228

An analysis of the internalizing and externalizing behaviors of traumatized urban youth with and without PTSD

Saigh, Philip A; Yasik, Anastasia E; Oberfield, Richar A; Halamandaris, Phill V; McHugh, Margaret
To test the differential validity of the posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) classification, 3 groups of youths (PTSD, traumatized PTSD negatives, and controls) were examined. Youth with major comorbid disorders were excluded. On the basis of an analysis of parent-derived Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) ratings, significant variations in CBCL scores were associated with PTSD but not with exposure to exceptional stress in the absence of PTSD. The results also indicated that traumatic exposure without the development of PTSD was not associated with higher estimates of psychopathology
PMID: 12150422
ISSN: 0021-843x
CID: 106064

The validity of the children's PTSD Inventory

Yasik, Anastasia E; Saigh, Philip A; Oberfield, Richard A; Green, Bonnie; Halamandaris, Phill; McHugh, Margaret
The Children's posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) Inventory (P. A. Saigh, 1998) was administered to 76 traumatized and 28 nontraumatized youths (aged 7.08-18.74 yrs). Children's posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) Inventory diagnoses were compared to the Diagnostic Interview for Children and Adolescents-Revised and Structured Clinical Interview for Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders PTSD diagnoses. Results indicate moderate to high sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive power, and diagnostic efficiency were evidenced across criterion measures. Convergent validity was evidenced by significant correlations with the Revised Children's Manifest Anxiety Scale, Children's Depression Inventory, Child Behavior Checklist Internalizing scale, and the Junior Eysenck Personality Inventory Neuroticism scale. Discriminant validity was observed through nonsignificant correlations with the Child Behavior Checklist Externalizing and the Junior Eysenck Personality Inventory Extraversion scales.
PSYCH:2001-17913-005
ISSN: 1573-6598
CID: 113603

The Children's PTSD Inventory: development and reliability

Saigh PA; Yasik AE; Oberfield RA; Green BL; Halamandaris PV; Rubenstein H; Nester J; Resko J; Hetz B; McHugh M
Information involving the development of the DSM-IV version of the Children's PTSD Inventory is described. Independent ratings by highly experienced judges denote that the instrument encompassed the universe of definition that it was intended to measure (i.e., the DSM-IV criteria for PTSD). The instrument was administered to 82 traumatized and 22 nontraumatized youths at Bellevue Hospital. Moderate to high Cronbach alphas (.53-.89) were evident at the subtest level. An alpha of .95 was evident at the diagnostic level. In terms of inter-rater reliability, 98.1% agreement was evident at the diagnostic level. Inter-rater intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) ranged from .88 to .96 at the subtest level and .98 at the diagnostic level. Good to excellent kappas (.66-1.00) were reported for inter-rater reliability at the subtest level. An inter-rater reliability kappa of .96 was evident at the diagnostic level. In terms of test-retest reliability, 97.6% agreement was evident at the diagnostic level. Good to excellent test-retest kappas (.66-1.00) and ICCs (.66-.94) were observed. A test-retest kappa of .91 and an ICC of .88 was observed at the diagnostic level
PMID: 10948479
ISSN: 0894-9867
CID: 62484

Increased prevalence of abnormal Papanicolaou smears in urban adolescents

Mangan SA; Legano LA; Rosen CM; McHugh MT; Fierman AH; Dreyer BP; Palusci VJ; Winkler B
OBJECTIVE: To determine the secular trend in the prevalence of cervical dysplasia as evidenced by abnormal Papanicolaou smear results in sexually active adolescents. DESIGN: Descriptive case series. SETTING: Outpatient department of an urban public hospital. PARTICIPANTS: All sexually active adolescents with Papanicolaou smear results recorded during 2 periods: January 1, 1982, through December 31, 1983 (n = 577), and January 1, 1992, through December 31, 1993 (n = 871). MEASUREMENTS: Age, ethnicity, patient care location in which the Papanicolaou smear preparation was performed, and Papanicolaou smear results were obtained for each patient. For patients with more than 1 Papanicolaou smear result during the specified period, only the first result was included in this study. Papanicolaou smear results were classified according to the Bethesda system as within normal limits, benign cellular change, atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance, lowgrade squamous intraepithelial lesion, or high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion. Any Papanicolaou smear classified as atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance or low- or high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion was defined as abnormal. RESULTS: The prevalence of abnormal Papanicolaou smear results was 2.8% in 1982 through 1983 vs 11.7% in 1992 through 1993; prevalence odds ratio was 4.7 (95% confidence interval, 2.7-8.3). The higher rate of abnormal Papanicolaou smear results in 1992 through 1993 persisted after controlling for age, patient care location, and ethnicity in a logistic regression model (adjusted prevalence odds ratio, 5.0; 95% confidence interval, 2.8-8.9). The prevalence of benign cellular change was 8.7% in 1982 through 1983 vs 20.1% in 1992 through 1993; prevalence odds ratio was 2.7 (95% confidence interval, 1.9-3.8). CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of abnormal Papanicolaou smear results has significantly increased in the last decade in sexually active adolescents seen at a city hospital clinic. The results of this study emphasize the importance of routine Papanicolaou smear screening for all sexually active female adolescents
PMID: 9158440
ISSN: 1072-4710
CID: 12319