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Prenatal diagnosis of bilateral anophthalmia: Identifying de novo SOX2 variant [Case Report]

Kidd, Jennifer; Patberg, Elizabeth; McGath, Meghan; Monteleone, Berrin; Chavez, Martin
A 26 year old nulligravida presented at 24 weeks gestation for the second opinion of abnormal fetal profile and mid-face views on ultrasound at another institution. A detailed fetal anatomic ultrasound at our facility revealed the absence of fetal lens and globes bilaterally consistent with bilateral anophthalmia (HP: 0000528) without other anomalies. Karyotype and chromosomal microarray analysis were completed from amniocentesis sample. After these results, duo exome testing with paternal sequencing was completed from proband amniotic fluid sample and parental blood samples. A pathogenic variant in SOX2 (NM_003106.3: c.513C>G p.(Tyr171*Ter)) with heterozygous autosomal dominant inheritance resulted. On duo exome testing with paternal segregation analysis, the variant was found to be consistent with likely sporadic de novo inheritance. The SOX2 variant reported is consistent with the fetal phenotype in this case. While germline mosaicism could exist, this identified variant provided the family with a likely explanation for this proband's finding. This ultrasound and genetic testing allowed the family to make decisions related to planning in current and future pregnancies.
PMID: 37529968
ISSN: 1097-0223
CID: 5595322

ChatGPT: a pioneering approach to complex prenatal differential diagnosis

Suhag, Anju; Kidd, Jennifer; McGath, Meghan; Rajesh, Raeshmma; Gelfinbein, Joseph; Cacace, Nicole; Monteleone, Berrin; Chavez, Martin R
This commentary examines how ChatGPT can assist healthcare teams in the prenatal diagnosis of rare and complex cases by creating a differential diagnoses based on deidentified clinical findings, while also acknowledging its limitations.
PMID: 37257586
ISSN: 2589-9333
CID: 5543322

Clinical experience: Outcomes of mesenchymal stem cell transplantation in five stroke patients

Ercelen, Nesrin; Karasu, Nilgun; Kahyaoglu, Bulent; Cerezci, Onder; Akduman, Rana Cagla; Ercelen, Defne; Erturk, Gizem; Gulay, Gokay; Alpaydin, Nagihan; Boyraz, Gizem; Monteleone, Berrin; Kural, Zekiye; Silek, Hakan; Temur, Sibel; Bingol, Canan Aykut
Stem cell therapy, which has promising results in acute disorders such as stroke, supports treatment by providing rehabilitation in the chronic stage patients. In acute stroke, thrombolytic medical treatment protocols are clearly defined in neurologic emergencies, but in neurologic patients who miss the "thrombolytic treatment intervention window," or in cases of hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy, our hands are tied, and we are still unfortunately faced with hopeless clinical implementations. We consider mesenchymal stem cell therapy a viable option in these cases. In recent years, novel research has focused on neuro-stimulants and supportive and combined therapies for stroke. Currently, available treatment options are limited, and only certain patients are eligible for acute treatment. In the scope of our experience, five stroke patients were evaluated in this study, who was treated with a single dose of 1"“2 × 106 cells/kg allogenic umbilical cord-mesenchymal stem cells (UC-MSCs) with the official confirmation of the Turkish Ministry of Health Stem Cell Commission. The patients were followed up for 12 months, and clinical outcomes are recorded. NIH Stroke Scale/Scores (NIHSS) decreased significantly (p = 0.0310), and the Rivermead Assessment Scale (RMA) increased significantly (p = 0.0234) for all patients at the end of the follow-up. All the patients were followed up for 1 year within a rehabilitation program. Major clinical outcome improvements were observed in the overall clinical conditions of the UC-MSC treatment patients. We observed improvement in the patients"™ upper extremity and muscle strength, spasticity, and fine motor functions. Considering recent studies in the literature together with our results, allogenic stem cell therapies are introduced as promising novel therapies in terms of their encouraging effects on physiological motor outcomes.
SCOPUS:85147262074
ISSN: 2296-858x
CID: 5424472

DNA methylation episignature for Witteveen-Kolk syndrome due to SIN3A haploinsufficiency

Coenen-van der Spek, Jet; Relator, Raissa; Kerkhof, Jennifer; McConkey, Haley; Levy, Michael A; Tedder, Matthew L; Louie, Raymond J; Fletcher, Robin S; Moore, Hannah W; Childers, Anna; Farrelly, Ellyn R; Champaigne, Neena L; Lyons, Michael J; Everman, David B; Rogers, R Curtis; Skinner, Steven A; Renck, Alicia; Matalon, Dena R; Dills, Shelley K; Monteleone, Berrin; Demirdas, Serwet; Dingemans, Alexander J M; Donker Kaat, Laura; Kolk, Sharon M; Pfundt, Rolph; Rump, Patrick; Sadikovic, Bekim; Kleefstra, Tjitske; Butler, Kameryn M
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE:Witteveen-Kolk syndrome (WITKOS) is a rare, autosomal dominant neurodevelopmental disorder caused by heterozygous loss-of-function alterations in the SIN3A gene. WITKOS has variable expressivity that commonly overlaps with other neurodevelopmental disorders. In this study, we characterized a distinct DNA methylation epigenetic signature (episignature) distinguishing WITKOS from unaffected individuals as well as individuals with other neurodevelopmental disorders with episignatures and described 9 previously unpublished individuals with SIN3A haploinsufficiency. METHODS:We studied the phenotypic characteristics and the genome-wide DNA methylation in the peripheral blood samples of 20 individuals with heterozygous alterations in SIN3A. A total of 14 samples were used for the identification of the episignature and building of a predictive diagnostic biomarker, whereas the diagnostic model was used to investigate the methylation pattern of the remaining 6 samples. RESULTS:A predominantly hypomethylated DNA methylation profile specific to WITKOS was identified, and the classifier model was able to diagnose a previously unresolved test case. The episignature was sensitive enough to detect individuals with varying degrees of phenotypic severity carrying SIN3A haploinsufficient variants. CONCLUSION/CONCLUSIONS:We identified a novel, robust episignature in WITKOS due to SIN3A haploinsufficiency. This episignature has the potential to aid identification and diagnosis of individuals with WITKOS.
PMID: 36399132
ISSN: 1530-0366
CID: 5371712

SPEN haploinsufficiency causes a neurodevelopmental disorder overlapping proximal 1p36 deletion syndrome with an episignature of X chromosomes in females [Meeting Abstract]

Radio, F C; Pang, K; Ciolfi, A; Levy, M A; Pedace, L; De, Boer E; Jackson, A; Stellacci, E; Lo, Cicero S; Dentici, M L; McWalter, K; Sanchez-Lara, P A; Lindstrom, K; Madan-Khetarpal, S; MacKenzie, J J; Monteleone, B; Zhou, D; Sawyer, S L; Monteiro, F P; Macke, E L; Iascone, M; Selicorni, A; Tenconi, R; Amor, D J; Stals, K; Cabet, S; Steindl, K; Weiss, K; Castle, A M R; Kalsner, L; Chandler, K E; Sheehan, W; Shinde, D N; Goodloe, D; Bluske, K; Faletra, F; Kurtz-Nelson, E C; Anderlid, B -M; Barakat, T S; Graham, J M; Faivre, L; Banka, S; Wang, T; Priolo, M; Dallapiccola, B; Vissers, L E L M; Sadikovic, B; Scott, D A; Holder, J L; Tartaglia, M
Introduction: Deletion 1p36 (del1p36) syndrome is the most common human disorder resulting from a terminal autosomal deletion. This condition is molecularly and clinically heterogeneous. Deletions involving two non-overlapping regions, known as the distal (telomeric) and proximal (centromeric) critical regions, are sufficient to cause the majority of the recurrent clinical features, although with different facial features and dysmorphisms. SPEN encodes a transcriptional repressor commonly deleted in proximal del1p36 syndrome and is located centromeric to the proximal 1p36 critical region.
Material(s) and Method(s): We used clinical data from 34 individuals with truncating variants in SPEN to define a neurodevelopmental disorder presenting with features that overlap considerably with those of proximal del1p36 syndrome.
Result(s): The clinical profile of this disease includes developmental delay/intellectual disability, autism spectrum disorder, anxiety, aggressive behavior, attention deficit disorder, hypotonia, brain and spine anomalies, congenital heart defects, high/narrow palate, facial dysmorphisms, and obesity/increased BMI, especially in females. SPEN also emerges as a relevant gene for del1p36 syndrome by co-expression analyses. Finally, we show that haploinsufficiency of SPEN is associated with a distinctive DNA methylation episignature of the X chromosome in affected females, providing further evidence of a specific contribution of the protein to the epigenetic control of this chromosome, and a paradigm of an X chromosome-specific episignature that classifies syndromic traits.
Conclusion(s): We conclude that SPEN is required for multiple developmental processes and SPEN haploinsufficiency is a major contributor to a disorder associated with deletions centromeric to the previously established 1p36 critical regions
EMBASE:638039480
ISSN: 1476-5438
CID: 5251922

A CALL FOR GERMLINE ALK TESTING IN NEUROBLASTOMA: A CASE OF ALK plus NEUROBLASTOMA IN MOTHER & BABY [Meeting Abstract]

Jasinski, Sylwia; Monteleone, Berrin; El-Ali, Alexander; Glasser, Chana
ISI:000788322300376
ISSN: 1545-5009
CID: 5243892

SPEN haploinsufficiency causes a neurodevelopmental disorder overlapping proximal 1p36 deletion syndrome with an episignature of X chromosomes in females

Radio, Francesca Clementina; Pang, Kaifang; Ciolfi, Andrea; Levy, Michael A; Hernández-García, Andrés; Pedace, Lucia; Pantaleoni, Francesca; Liu, Zhandong; de Boer, Elke; Jackson, Adam; Bruselles, Alessandro; McConkey, Haley; Stellacci, Emilia; Lo Cicero, Stefania; Motta, Marialetizia; Carrozzo, Rosalba; Dentici, Maria Lisa; McWalter, Kirsty; Desai, Megha; Monaghan, Kristin G; Telegrafi, Aida; Philippe, Christophe; Vitobello, Antonio; Au, Margaret; Grand, Katheryn; Sanchez-Lara, Pedro A; Baez, Joanne; Lindstrom, Kristin; Kulch, Peggy; Sebastian, Jessica; Madan-Khetarpal, Suneeta; Roadhouse, Chelsea; MacKenzie, Jennifer J; Monteleone, Berrin; Saunders, Carol J; Jean Cuevas, July K; Cross, Laura; Zhou, Dihong; Hartley, Taila; Sawyer, Sarah L; Monteiro, Fabíola Paoli; Secches, Tania Vertemati; Kok, Fernando; Schultz-Rogers, Laura E; Macke, Erica L; Morava, Eva; Klee, Eric W; Kemppainen, Jennifer; Iascone, Maria; Selicorni, Angelo; Tenconi, Romano; Amor, David J; Pais, Lynn; Gallacher, Lyndon; Turnpenny, Peter D; Stals, Karen; Ellard, Sian; Cabet, Sara; Lesca, Gaetan; Pascal, Joset; Steindl, Katharina; Ravid, Sarit; Weiss, Karin; Castle, Alison M R; Carter, Melissa T; Kalsner, Louisa; de Vries, Bert B A; van Bon, Bregje W; Wevers, Marijke R; Pfundt, Rolph; Stegmann, Alexander P A; Kerr, Bronwyn; Kingston, Helen M; Chandler, Kate E; Sheehan, Willow; Elias, Abdallah F; Shinde, Deepali N; Towne, Meghan C; Robin, Nathaniel H; Goodloe, Dana; Vanderver, Adeline; Sherbini, Omar; Bluske, Krista; Hagelstrom, R Tanner; Zanus, Caterina; Faletra, Flavio; Musante, Luciana; Kurtz-Nelson, Evangeline C; Earl, Rachel K; Anderlid, Britt-Marie; Morin, Gilles; van Slegtenhorst, Marjon; Diderich, Karin E M; Brooks, Alice S; Gribnau, Joost; Boers, Ruben G; Finestra, Teresa Robert; Carter, Lauren B; Rauch, Anita; Gasparini, Paolo; Boycott, Kym M; Barakat, Tahsin Stefan; Graham, John M; Faivre, Laurence; Banka, Siddharth; Wang, Tianyun; Eichler, Evan E; Priolo, Manuela; Dallapiccola, Bruno; Vissers, Lisenka E L M; Sadikovic, Bekim; Scott, Daryl A; Holder, Jimmy Lloyd; Tartaglia, Marco
Deletion 1p36 (del1p36) syndrome is the most common human disorder resulting from a terminal autosomal deletion. This condition is molecularly and clinically heterogeneous. Deletions involving two non-overlapping regions, known as the distal (telomeric) and proximal (centromeric) critical regions, are sufficient to cause the majority of the recurrent clinical features, although with different facial features and dysmorphisms. SPEN encodes a transcriptional repressor commonly deleted in proximal del1p36 syndrome and is located centromeric to the proximal 1p36 critical region. Here, we used clinical data from 34 individuals with truncating variants in SPEN to define a neurodevelopmental disorder presenting with features that overlap considerably with those of proximal del1p36 syndrome. The clinical profile of this disease includes developmental delay/intellectual disability, autism spectrum disorder, anxiety, aggressive behavior, attention deficit disorder, hypotonia, brain and spine anomalies, congenital heart defects, high/narrow palate, facial dysmorphisms, and obesity/increased BMI, especially in females. SPEN also emerges as a relevant gene for del1p36 syndrome by co-expression analyses. Finally, we show that haploinsufficiency of SPEN is associated with a distinctive DNA methylation episignature of the X chromosome in affected females, providing further evidence of a specific contribution of the protein to the epigenetic control of this chromosome, and a paradigm of an X chromosome-specific episignature that classifies syndromic traits. We conclude that SPEN is required for multiple developmental processes and SPEN haploinsufficiency is a major contributor to a disorder associated with deletions centromeric to the previously established 1p36 critical regions.
PMID: 33596411
ISSN: 1537-6605
CID: 4806672

Case report: discovery of 2 gene variants for aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase deficiency in 2 African American siblings

Monteleone, Berrin; Hyland, Keith
BACKGROUND:Aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase (AADC) deficiency is a rare genetic disorder with heterogeneous phenotypic spectrum resulting from disease-causing variants in the dopa decarboxylase (DDC) gene. Consensus guidelines recommend dopamine agonists, monoamine oxidase inhibitors, and other symptomatic treatments, but most patients have an unrelenting disease course with no response to these therapies. CASE PRESENTATION/METHODS:We describe 2 African American siblings with AADC deficiency and identify 2 DDC gene variants not previously associated with the disorder. The patients were evaluated for cognitive and neurologic impairments. Diagnosis of AADC deficiency was initially based on evaluation of urine and plasma metabolites, followed by targeted DDC gene sequencing. The first patient, a firstborn African American female, had moderate elevations of vanillactic and vanilpyruvic acids, and slight elevation of N-acetylvanilalanine in urine. The second patient, an African American female and younger sibling of the first patient, had low AADC enzyme activity and elevated 3-O-methyldopa levels in plasma. Genetic testing confirmed that both siblings possessed the same 2 DDC gene variants, which were identified as NM_000790.3: c.48C > A (p.Tyr16Ter) and NM_000790.3: c.116G > C (p.Arg39Pro). CONCLUSIONS:This report describes 2 previously unknown patients with AADC deficiency and confirmed the presence of 2 DDC gene variants not previously associated with this disorder. Further research is needed to identify disease-modifying treatments for this devastating neurometabolic disorder. Gene therapy with a recombinant adeno-associated viral vector serotype 2 carrying the gene for the human AADC protein (AAV2-hAADC) is currently in clinical development.
PMID: 31918669
ISSN: 1471-2377
CID: 4257622

Clinical features associated with copy number variations of the 14q32 imprinted gene cluster

Rosenfeld, Jill A; Fox, Joyce E; Descartes, Maria; Brewer, Fallon; Stroud, Tracy; Gorski, Jerome L; Upton, Sheila J; Moeschler, John B; Monteleone, Berrin; Neill, Nicholas J; Lamb, Allen N; Ballif, Blake C; Shaffer, Lisa G; Ravnan, J Britt
Uniparental disomy (UPD) for imprinted chromosomes can cause abnormal phenotypes due to absent or overexpression of imprinted genes. UPD(14)pat causes a unique constellation of features including thoracic skeletal anomalies, polyhydramnios, placentomegaly, and limited survival; its hypothesized cause is overexpression of paternally expressed RTL1, due to absent regulatory effects of maternally expressed RTL1as. UPD(14)mat causes a milder condition with hypotonia, growth failure, and precocious puberty; its hypothesized cause is absence of paternally expressed DLK1. To more clearly establish how gains and losses of imprinted genes can cause disease, we report six individuals with copy number variations of the imprinted 14q32 region identified through clinical microarray-based comparative genomic hybridization. Three individuals presented with UPD(14)mat-like phenotypes (Temple syndrome) and had apparently de novo deletions spanning the imprinted region, including DLK1. One of these deletions was shown to be on the paternal chromosome. Two individuals with UPD(14)pat-like phenotypes had 122-154kb deletions on their maternal chromosomes that included RTL1as but not the differentially methylated regions that regulate imprinted gene expression, providing further support for RTL1 overexpression as a cause for the UPD(14)pat phenotype. The sixth individual is tetrasomic for a 1.7Mb segment, including the imprinted region, and presents with intellectual disability and seizures but lacks significant phenotypic overlap with either UPD(14) syndrome. Therefore, the 14q32 imprinted region is dosage sensitive, with deletions of different critical regions causing UPD(14)mat- and UPD(14)pat-like phenotypes, while copy gains are likely insufficient to recapitulate these phenotypes.
PMID: 25756153
ISSN: 1552-4833
CID: 3533092