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Cancer coverage in a mainstream and Korean American online newspaper: lessons for community intervention

McDonnell, Diana D; Lee, Hyun-Ju; Kim, Young-Bok; Kazinets, Gene; Moskowitz, Joel M
OBJECTIVE: Korean Americans have higher incidence of stomach, liver, and cervical cancer than most groups in CA, USA, and generally lower rates of cancer screening. To better target community interventions, we evaluated the cancer content in a leading Korean American newspaper, the Korea Daily, compared to a mainstream newspaper from the same metropolitan area, the Los Angeles (LA) Times. METHODS: Using the online versions of each newspaper for the year 2006, we counted articles mentioning cancer and evaluated the content in a random sample of 300 articles from each newspaper. Articles were categorized by relevance of cancer content and topic(s) covered. RESULTS: Although the LA Times had a higher proportion of articles mentioning cancer, the Korea Daily had more articles that primarily focused on cancer and addressed specific types of cancer. Articles in the Korea Daily were more likely to discuss prevention, while those in the LA Times more often focused on people, politics, or research. CONCLUSIONS: Smaller, ethnic newspapers may be more amenable to messages about prevention and appropriate places to target community-focused interventions. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS: Health practitioners should consider submitting articles to ethnic newspapers and forming partnerships with journalists to cultivate this potential
PMID: 18406097
ISSN: 0738-3991
CID: 95519

"Health is strength": a community health education program to improve breast and cervical cancer screening among Korean American Women in Alameda County, California

Moskowitz, Joel M; Kazinets, Gene; Wong, Joann M; Tager, Ira B
BACKGROUND: A 48-month community intervention was conducted to improve breast and cervical cancer (BCC) screening among Korean American (KA) women in Alameda County (AL), California. KA women in Santa Clara (SC) County, California served as a comparison group. METHODS: Random samples of KA women from each county were surveyed by telephone in 1994 (n=818) and 2002 (n=1084). Propensity score analyses were used to estimate the difference between counties in changes over time in screening (Pap tests, breast self-examinations, clinical breast examinations, and mammography), and to estimate differences in screening between participants and non-participants in an educational workshop among women in AL in 2002. RESULTS: Mammography screening and clinical breast examinations increased over time in both counties. Pap tests increased in AL but not SC, and breast self-examinations did not change significantly in either county. None of the intervention-comparison group differences over time were significant. In 2002, compared to non-participants, women who attended a workshop were more likely to report a recent Pap test (P<.08). CONCLUSIONS: Although our overall intervention did not appear to enhance screening practices at the community-level, attendance at a women's health workshop appears to have increased cervical cancer screening
PMID: 17418978
ISSN: 0361-090x
CID: 95520

California adolescent's use of family planning services [Letter]

Constantine, Norman A; Moskowitz, Joel M
PMID: 15736309
ISSN: 1538-6341
CID: 95521

Effect of provider status on preventive screening among Korean-American women in Alameda County, California

Lew, Anthony A; Moskowitz, Joel M; Ngo, Long; Wismer, Barbara A; Wong, Joann M; Ahn, Yangja; Tager, Ira B
BACKGROUND: Previous research suggests that having a doctor of the same ethnicity may be associated with lower rates of breast and cervical cancer screening in some Asian-American women. This study analyzes the effect of having a Korean, non-Korean, or no regular doctor upon several measures of screening among Korean-American women. METHODS: A random sample of 339 Korean-American women in Alameda County, California, were surveyed by telephone. Contingency tables and multivariable logistic regression were used to evaluate the association between provider status and six measures of recent screening, controlling for insurance and demographics. RESULTS: Having a non-Korean doctor was associated with an increased likelihood of having a Pap smear (odds ratio = 2.19, 95% confidence interval = 1.00, 4.80), mammogram (odds ratio = 7.63, 95% confidence interval = 2.35, 24.84), and clinical breast examination (odds ratio = 3.76, 95% confidence interval = 1.54, 9.20) in the past 2 years, compared to having a Korean doctor. This relationship is less apparent for nonfemale specific screening tests like cholesterol exams and routine checkups. CONCLUSIONS: Women who have a Korean doctor have less than optimal rates of breast and cervical cancer screening compared to women who have a non-Korean doctor. Having a Korean doctor may indicate less access to preventive health services, and programs to increase screening should target both Korean physicians and their female patients
PMID: 12590988
ISSN: 0091-7435
CID: 95522

Curtailing tobacco use among youth: evaluation of project 4-health

D'Onofrio, Carol N; Moskowitz, Joel M; Braverman, Marc T
This article reports the development and evaluation of Project 4-Health, a theory-driven, research-based program to prevent tobacco use among youth enrolled in 4-H clubs throughout California. Additional goals were to involve youth in discouraging others' tobacco use and to develop youth leadership for tobacco control. To assess program effectiveness, 72 clubs were matched and randomly assigned to the program or control condition. Of 1,853 eligible club members, 88.6% completed the pretest. Of these, 79.5% completed a posttest 4 months after conclusion of program delivery, and 77.6% completed a second posttest 2 years later.Short-term effects were found on 7 of 24 outcome measures, indicating changes in knowledge, attitudes, and behavioral intention, but not in social influence variables or behaviors. No long-term effects were observed. Discussion considers how the challenges of designing, delivering, and evaluating the intervention influenced results and implications for preventing tobacco use through community-based youth groups
PMID: 12456128
ISSN: 1090-1981
CID: 95523

Conformation of amine-modified DNA: 2-aminofluorene- and 2-(acetylamino)fluorene-modified deoxydinucleoside monophosphates with all possible nearest neighbors. A comparison of search and optimization methods

Shapiro, R; Sidawi, D; Miao, Y S; Hingerty, B E; Schmidt, K E; Moskowitz, J; Broyde, S
Although a significant part of the replication fork exists as single-stranded DNA, little is known about the effect of carcinogens and mutagens on single-strand conformation. Large-scale conformational searches with potential energy minimization, using the torsion angle space molecular mechanics program DUPLEX, were employed to explore the conformation of all 16 deoxydinucleoside monophosphates bearing 2-aminofluorene (AF) or 2-(acetylamino)fluorene (AAF) modification on guanine. We have thus examined the effect of 3' versus 5' modification, the presence or absence of the acetyl group, and the effect of four different neighbors in each case. The principal effect of the acetyl group appeared to be the destabilization of anti (and, to a lesser degree, borderline anti) conformations for modified guanine. This mattered little in the 5'-substituted dimers, where one conformational type predominated in the low-energy structures for the adducts of both AAF and AF: It was right-handed, with syn-guanine, imperfect base-base stacking, and fluorene to 3'-sugar contacts. Greater divergence was seen in the 3'-substituted series. The AAF-substituted 3'-adducts primarily displayed good base-fluorene stacking, with syn-guanine in contact with the 5'-sugar. The AF-substituted 3'-adducts displayed a variety of structures which included base-base and carcinogen-base stacked forms. Two novel forms were encountered [global minima for d(ApG-AF) and d(GpG-AF)], whose unusual structures suggest mutagenic capability. In order to address the multiple minimum problem, we conducted our searches of conformation space using two alternative optimization methods that also employ differing search strategies. We used the Powell algorithm, BOTM, with starting conformations that are selected combinations of rotamers, and the method of simulated annealing (SA), with random or arbitrary starting conformations. While both approaches were effective in defining the most important structures, SA was more successful than BOTM in locating the structures of lowest energy.
PMID: 8199314
ISSN: 0893-228x
CID: 1673422

Iatrogenic endometriosis: substantiation of the Sampson hypothesis [Case Report]

Szlachter, N B; Moskowitz, J; Bigelow, B; Weiss, G
A 31-year-old woman developed unilateral endometriosis at the site of ovarian implantation to a uterine window. This complication of the Estes procedure resembles the experimental endometriosis induced in rhesus monkeys by causing intraabdominal menstruation. This adds support to the Sampson hypothesis of endometriosis development.
PMID: 7189049
ISSN: 0029-7844
CID: 2648422