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Integrating Validity Evidence to Revise a Child Abuse Knowledge Test for Early Childhood Education Providers: A Mixed Methods Approach

Panlilio, Carlomagno C; Famularo, Lisa; Masters, Jessica; Dore, Sarah; Verdiglione, Nicole; Yang, Chengwu; Lehman, Erik; Hamm, Robert M; Fiene, Richard; Bard, David; Kapp, Karl M; Levi, Benjamin H
Knowledge tests used to evaluate child protection training program effectiveness for early childhood education providers may suffer from threats to construct validity given the contextual variability inherent within state-specific regulations around mandated reporting requirements. Unfortunately, guidance on instrument revision that accounts for such state-specific mandated reporting requirements is lacking across research on evaluation practices. This study, therefore, explored how collection and integration of validity evidence using a mixed methods framework can guide the instrument revision process to arrive at a more valid program outcome measure.
PMCID:9733792
PMID: 36507193
ISSN: 1098-2140
CID: 5387082

The MOHIP-14PW (Modified Oral Health Impact Profile 14-Item Version for Pregnant Women): A Real-World Study of Its Psychometric Properties and Relationship with Patient-Reported Oral Health

Yang, Chengwu; Huang, Shulamite S; Moore Simas, Tiffany A; Silk, Hugh; Savageau, Judith A; Russell, Stefanie L
PMCID:8951846
PMID: 35326939
ISSN: 2227-9032
CID: 5220532

A Successful Dental Care Referral Program for Low-Income Pregnant Women in New York

Russell, Stefanie L; Kerpen, Steven J; Rabin, Jill M; Burakoff, Ronald P; Yang, Chengwu; Huang, Shulamite S
Despite evidence-based guidelines that advocate for dental care during pregnancy, dental utilization among pregnant women remains low, especially among low-income and racial-ethnic minority women. We investigated self-reported dental care referral and self-reported dental care attendance among a group of 298 low-income, largely racial-ethnic minority pregnant women attending two suburban prenatal care clinics that had integrated dental care referrals into their prenatal care according to these guidelines. We administered a questionnaire that asked women: (1) whether they had been referred for care by their prenatal care provider; (2) whether they had been seen by a dentist during pregnancy. Among those women who were eligible for a dental care referral (those who reported having dental symptoms, and those not having a recent dental visit), we found that 73.0% reported that they had indeed been referred for dental care by their prenatal provider, while the remaining women reported either no referral (23.5%, n = 67) or were not sure whether they had been referred (3.5%, n = 10). Among those who reported a dental care referral, 67.3% (n = 140) reported that they saw a dentist during their pregnancy, while of those who reported no dental care referral only 35.1% (n = 27) reported a dental visit (Chi-Sq. = 24.1, df = 1, p < 0.001). Having received a dental referral was a significant predictor of reporting a dental visit during pregnancy, with women who received a referral being 4.6 times more likely to report a dental visit during pregnancy compared to those women who did not report a referral. These results demonstrate that vulnerable pregnant women referred for dental care by their prenatal provider will indeed seek and utilize dental care when offered. This dental referral program may serve as a model for improving the utilization of dental care among this population.
PMCID:8656616
PMID: 34886450
ISSN: 1660-4601
CID: 5116022

Epidural analgesia during labor and its optimal initiation time-points: A real-world study on 400 Chinese nulliparas

Zha, Ying; Gong, Xun; Yang, Chengwu; Deng, Dongrui; Feng, Ling; Luo, Ailin; Wan, Li; Qiao, Fuyuan; Zeng, Wanjiang; Chen, Suhua; Wu, Yuanyuan; Han, Dongji; Liu, Haiyi
ABSTRACT/UNASSIGNED:Recent research has suggested that 6 cm of cervical dilation should be the threshold for the active labor phase, and it has confirmed that epidural analgesia (EA) is a safe method of pain relief during labor. However, the evidence provided for these findings comes mainly from randomized controlled clinical trials (RCTs), which suffer from the limitation of real-world generalizability.To test the generalizability of the conclusions from these previous RCTs, we conducted a prospective cohort, real-world study (RWS) on 400 Chinese term nulliparas. A total of 200 of the participants (the EA group) received EA upon request. The participants in the EA group were further subdivided as follows according to their cervical dilation when the EA administration was initiated (CDE): [EA1 group (CDE < 3 cm), EA2 group (3 cm ≤ CDE < 6 cm), and EA3 group (CDE ≥ 6 cm)]. We compared the labor duration of the EA group versus the non-EA (NEA) group, and the NEA group versus the 3 EA subgroups. We also compared delivery outcomes between the EA and NEA groups.The median total labor duration for the EA group [676 (511-923) minutes] was significantly longer than that of the NEA group [514 (373-721) minutes] (P < 0.001). The median durations of both the first- and second-stages of labor for the EA group [600 (405-855) minutes, 68 (49-97) minutes] were longer than those of the NEA group [420 (300-630) minutes, 50 (32-85) minutes] (P < .001, P < .001)]. In addition, the median total labor durations in both the EA1 [720 (548-958) minutes] and EA2 groups [688 (534-926) minutes] were longer than in the NEA group (P < .001 and P < .001, respectively), and the first- and second-stage labor durations of these subgroups were similar to their total labor durations. A Cox regression analysis showed that EA was associated with longer first-stage labor [hazard ratio (HR) 0.55, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.42-0.71, P < .001] and longer second-stage labor (HR 0.66, 95% CI 0.51-0.85, P = .001). The delivery modes and neonatal outcomes between the EA and NEA groups were not statistically different, however.Our findings suggest that EA administered before a cervical dilation of 6 cm may be associated with longer total, first-, and second-stage labor durations compared with no EA, while later EA administration is not. In addition, though EA prolongs labor duration, it does not impact delivery outcomes. These results confirm the significance of a 6 cm cervical dilation threshold in real-world labor settings.
PMCID:7939169
PMID: 33655955
ISSN: 1536-5964
CID: 4835802

Registered Reports: response from the Chinese PRO SIG [Letter]

Fong, Daniel Y T; Osman, Ahmed M Y; Wang, Hongmei; Yang, Chengwu
PMID: 33201389
ISSN: 1573-2649
CID: 4684422

Thrombotic risks from pulling the "trigger" on intravenous immunoglobulin and plasma exchange [Editorial]

Caress, James; Yang, Chengwu
PMID: 32447776
ISSN: 1097-4598
CID: 4448752

Effectiveness of intraoperative intraocular lens use on improving surgical safety for dense cataract phacoemulsification: a randomized controlled trial

Zeng, Mingbing; Wang, Rong; Cheng, Bing; Yang, Chengwu; Chen, Yunxin; Liu, Xialin
We designed this study to assess if surgical safety can be improved by intraoperative use of intraocular lens (IOL) for cataract phacoemulsification. We performed phacoemulsification cataract removal on 401 patients. We randomly assigned these patients into three groups: the standard setting (Group I, n = 134), with reduced vacuum and flow rate (Group II, n = 137), and with IOL insertion before the last quadrant was emulsified with standard setting (Group III, n = 130). The primary outcomes included the risk of posterior capsular rupture (PCR), ultrasound time, energy, and complications. The secondary outcomes included central corneal thickness (CCT), CCT changes, endothelial cells (ETC) counting, ETC loss, and the best corrected distance visual acuity (BCVA) measured on day 1, day 7 and day 30. If PCR occurred, we emulsified the residual lens materials after insertion of IOL and clean of the prolapsed vitreous. We found that the risk of PCR in Group III (0/130) was lower than Group I (9/134, corrected relative risk (RR) = 18.44, 95% CI: 1.08-313.56) and Group II (3/137, corrected RR = 6.64, 95% CI: 0.35-27.41). Group III showed better BCVA on day 1 and 7, less ECC loss on day 7 and 30, and less CCT increase on day 1 and 7. No cases converted to extracapsular cataract extraction. No residual lens materials misdirected into vitreous cavity. Intraoperative use of IOL can improve surgical safety for dense cataract phacoemulsification.
PMID: 32005971
ISSN: 2045-2322
CID: 4294592

Generalizing findings from a randomized controlled trial to a real-world study of the iLookOut, an online education program to improve early childhood care and education providers' knowledge and attitudes about reporting child maltreatment

Yang, Chengwu; Panlilio, Carlo; Verdiglione, Nicole; Lehman, Erik B; Hamm, Robert M; Fiene, Richard; Dore, Sarah; Bard, David E; Grable, Breanna; Levi, Benjamin
In recent years, real-world studies (RWS) are gaining increasing interests, because they can generate more realistic and generalizable results than randomized controlled clinical trials (RCT). In 2017, we published a RCT in 741 early childhood care and education providers (CCPs). It is the Phase I of our iLookOut for Child Abuse project (iLookOut), an online, interactive learning module about reporting suspected child maltreatment. That study demonstrated that in a RCT setting, the iLookOut is efficient at improving CCPs' knowledge of and attitudes towards child maltreatment reporting. However, the generalizability of that RCT's results in a RWS setting remains unknown. To address this question, we design and conduct this large RWS in 11,065 CCPs, which is the Phase II of the iLookOut. We hypothesize replication of the earlier RCT findings, i.e., the iLookOut can improve CCPs' knowledge of and attitudes toward child maltreatment reporting in a real world setting. In addition, this RWS also explores whether demographic factors affect CCPs' performance. Results of this RWS confirmed the generalizability of the previous RCT's results in a real world setting. It yielded similar effect sizes for knowledge and attitudes as were found in the earlier RCT. Cohen's d for knowledge improvement was 0.95 in that RCT, 0.96 in this RWS; Cohen's d for attitude improvement was 0.98 in that RCT, 0.80 in this RWS. Also, we found several significant differences in knowledge and attitude improvement with regard to age, race, education, and employment status. In conclusion, iLookOut improves knowledge and attitudes of CCPs about child maltreatment prevention and reporting in a real-world setting. The generalizability of the initial RCT findings to this RWS provides strong evidence that the iLookout will be effective in other real world settings. It can be a useful model for other interventions aimed at preventing child maltreatment. Clinical trial registration for the original RCT: NCT02225301 (ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier).
PMID: 31914147
ISSN: 1932-6203
CID: 4256982

"Well-being" and "OHQoL" in Children: Relationship Summarized from Current Literature [Meeting Abstract]

Yang, Chengwu
ORIGINAL:0014608
ISSN: 0022-0345
CID: 4383962

Dental Faculty Knowledge & Attitudes Regarding Treatment of Pregnant Patients [Meeting Abstract]

Russell, SL; Cohen, V; Huang, SS; Nieto, E; Yang, Chengwu
ORIGINAL:0014609
ISSN: 0022-0345
CID: 4383972