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A Pregnant Adolescent with COVID-19 and Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children [Case Report]

Trostle, Megan E; Grossman, Tracy B; Penfield, Christina A; Phoon, Colin K L; Raabe, Vanessa N; Sloane, Mark F; Roman, Ashley S
Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C), a new condition related to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in the pediatric population, was recognized by physicians in the United Kingdom in April 2020. Given those up to the age of 21 years can be affected, pregnant adolescents and young adults are susceptible. However, there is scant information on how MIS-C may affect pregnancy and whether the presentation differs in the pregnant population. We report a case of a pregnant adolescent with COVID-19 and MIS-C with a favorable outcome. This case highlights the considerations in managing a critically ill pregnant patient with a novel illness and the importance of a multidisciplinary team in coordinating care.
PMCID:10874691
PMID: 38370327
ISSN: 2157-6998
CID: 5633982

Respiratory care in familial dysautonomia: Systematic review and expert consensus recommendations

Kazachkov, Mikhail; Palma, Jose-Alberto; Norcliffe-Kaufmann, Lucy; Bar-Aluma, Bat-El; Spalink, Christy L; Barnes, Erin P; Amoroso, Nancy E; Balou, Stamatela M; Bess, Shay; Chopra, Arun; Condos, Rany; Efrati, Ori; Fitzgerald, Kathryn; Fridman, David; Goldenberg, Ronald M; Goldhaber, Ayelet; Kaufman, David A; Kothare, Sanjeev V; Levine, Jeremiah; Levy, Joseph; Lubinsky, Anthony S; Maayan, Channa; Moy, Libia C; Rivera, Pedro J; Rodriguez, Alcibiades J; Sokol, Gil; Sloane, Mark F; Tan, Tina; Kaufmann, Horacio
BACKGROUND:Familial dysautonomia (Riley-Day syndrome, hereditary sensory autonomic neuropathy type-III) is a rare genetic disease caused by impaired development of sensory and afferent autonomic nerves. As a consequence, patients develop neurogenic dysphagia with frequent aspiration, chronic lung disease, and chemoreflex failure leading to severe sleep disordered breathing. The purpose of these guidelines is to provide recommendations for the diagnosis and treatment of respiratory disorders in familial dysautonomia. METHODS:We performed a systematic review to summarize the evidence related to our questions. When evidence was not sufficient, we used data from the New York University Familial Dysautonomia Patient Registry, a database containing ongoing prospective comprehensive clinical data from 670 cases. The evidence was summarized and discussed by a multidisciplinary panel of experts. Evidence-based and expert recommendations were then formulated, written, and graded using the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) system. RESULTS:Recommendations were formulated for or against specific diagnostic tests and clinical interventions. Diagnostic tests reviewed included radiological evaluation, dysphagia evaluation, gastroesophageal evaluation, bronchoscopy and bronchoalveolar lavage, pulmonary function tests, laryngoscopy and polysomnography. Clinical interventions and therapies reviewed included prevention and management of aspiration, airway mucus clearance and chest physical therapy, viral respiratory infections, precautions during high altitude or air-flight travel, non-invasive ventilation during sleep, antibiotic therapy, steroid therapy, oxygen therapy, gastrostomy tube placement, Nissen fundoplication surgery, scoliosis surgery, tracheostomy and lung lobectomy. CONCLUSIONS:Expert recommendations for the diagnosis and management of respiratory disease in patients with familial dysautonomia are provided. Frequent reassessment and updating will be needed.
PMCID:6084453
PMID: 30053970
ISSN: 1532-3064
CID: 3216612

Simultaneous Diagnosis of Active Pulmonary Tuberculosis and B-Cell Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma with Pleural Involvement [Meeting Abstract]

Katzman, D. P.; Sloane, M. F.
ISI:000449980304274
ISSN: 1073-449x
CID: 3512872

Modafinil for Somnolence in the Intensive Care Unit. A Retrospective Case Series [Meeting Abstract]

Mitchell, O.; Sloane, M.; Altschuler, D.; Kaufman, D.
ISI:000449978901231
ISSN: 1073-449x
CID: 3513462

Severe thrombocytopenia induced by vancomycin-dependent anti-platelet antibodies [Meeting Abstract]

Swanenberg, I; Bhalla, S; Altshuler, D; Adelman, M; Colon, L; Sloane, M
INTRODUCTION: Vancomycin has been implicated uncommonly in the development of immune-mediated thrombocytopenia. We present the case of a patient who developed severe thrombocytopenia after receiving vancomycin that was refractory to several therapies. CASE PRESENTATION: A 69-year-old woman with metastatic breast cancer, atrial fibrillation (on coumadin) and CKD stage III was admitted after a fall. She was treated for pneumonia with ceftriaxone and azithromycin. On hospital day 2, the patient became encephalopathic, hypotensive and required endotracheal intubation for hypercapneic respiratory failure. Antibiotics were broadened to vancomycin and piperacillin/tazobactam. On hospital day 3, the platelet count abruptly dropped from 168x103/mL to 1x103/mL with initially stable hemoglobin and WBC count. Labs and peripheral smear did not suggest a microangiopathic hemolytic process or worsening coagulopathy. The patient developed small-volume hemoptysis and extensive ecchymoses. Druginduced thrombocytopenia was suspected and vancomycin was discontinued. Notably, the patient was not exposed to any heparin products as her INR was therapeutic. She received prothrombin complex concentrate and plasma to reverse her coagulopathy, along with a total of 8 units of platelets and 2 units of pRBCs. Intravenous immunoglobulin was given but the platelet count never recovered. The patient developed worsening hypoxic respiratory failure and died in hospice on hospital day 7. Labs subsequently confirmed the presence of vancomycin-dependent anti-platelet IgM and IgG antibodies. DISCUSSION: Thrombocytopenia induced by vancomycin exposure is thought to be due to the synthesis of IgG and IgM antibodies that interact with the glycoprotein IIb/IIIa receptor on the platelet surface in a vancomycin dependent manner, with subsequent platelet activation and destruction. Thrombocytopenia typically occurs after several days of exposure to vancomycin but platelet counts can drop precipitously in patients who have been previously exposed. We suspect this patient had prior vancomycin exposure given the rapid drop in platelet count. The degree of thrombocytopenia induced by vancomycin can be very severe and platelet transfusion is often ineffective. Cessation of vancomycin is essential, which results in normalization of the platelet count in most patients. Intravenous immunoglobulin and plasmapheresis have been used to neutralize or remove the vancomycin-dependent antibodies. Delayed clearance of vancomycin from renal failure can delay the recovery of platelet counts, which was likely a factor for our patient. CONCLUSIONS: Our case highlights drug-induced thrombocytopenia as a rare but life-threatening complication of vancomycin administration. Immediate discontinuation of vancomycin is paramount; however, platelet destruction may be so rapid and refractory to treatment that clinical consequences can be dire
EMBASE:619298095
ISSN: 1931-3543
CID: 2860192

Typhoid Fever and Acute Appendicitis: A Rare Association Not Yet Fully Formed

Sartori, Daniel J; Sun, Katherine; Hopkins, Mary Ann; Sloane, Mark F
Infections caused by foodborne enteric pathogens including typhoidal and non-typhoidal Salmonella species can mimic symptoms of acute appendicitis. The association between such bacterial pathogens and pathology-proven acute appendicitis has been described, but this link is poorly understood. Here we describe a case of a young man with typhoid fever presenting with histology-proven acute appendicitis requiring urgent appendectomy, and provide a brief review of relevant literature to prompt more widespread recognition of this rare cause of a common surgical emergency.
PMCID:5624233
PMID: 29033762
ISSN: 1662-0631
CID: 2742462

Evaluation of ventilator bundle compliance at academic medical centers : a Univiersity HealthSystem Consortium (UHC) [Meeting Abstract]

Sloane M; Brake H; Jacobi J; Khan JM; Pingleton SK; Steinberg K
ORIGINAL:0006362
ISSN: 0090-3493
CID: 78681

Mycobacterial lymphadenitis

Chapter by: Sloane MF
in: Tuberculosis by Ron WN; Garay SM [Eds]
Philadelphia : Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2004
pp. 489-496
ISBN: 0781736781
CID: 3973

Can specialists improve asthma care utilizing patient-centered tools? [Meeting Abstract]

Garay SM; Turizo M; Kamelhar D; Lowy Y; Sloane MF; Haralambou G
ORIGINAL:0006364
ISSN: 1073-449x
CID: 78683

Related topics: fat embolism syndrome and the acute respiratory distress syndrome

Chapter by: Sloane MF
in: Orthopaedics : a study guide by Spivak JM [Eds]
New York : McGraw-Hill, 1999
pp. 923-?
ISBN: 0070603553
CID: 4673