Faculty Bibliography
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Cholangiopathy After Severe COVID-19: Clinical Features and Prognostic Implications
INTRODUCTION/BACKGROUND:Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 virus, is a predominantly respiratory tract infection with the capacity to affect multiple organ systems. Abnormal liver tests, mainly transaminase elevations, have been reported in hospitalized patients. We describe a syndrome of cholangiopathy in patients recovering from severe COVID-19 characterized by marked elevation in serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP) accompanied by evidence of bile duct injury on imaging. METHODS:We conducted a retrospective study of COVID-19 patients admitted to our institution from March 1, 2020, to August 15, 2020, on whom the hepatology service was consulted for abnormal liver tests. Bile duct injury was identified by abnormal liver tests with serum ALP > 3x upper limit of normal and abnormal findings on magnetic resonance cholangiopacreatography. Clinical, laboratory, radiological, and histological findings were recorded in a Research Electronic Data Capture database. RESULTS:Twelve patients were identified, 11 men and 1 woman, with a mean age of 58 years. Mean time from COVID-19 diagnosis to diagnosis of cholangiopathy was 118 days. Peak median serum alanine aminotransferase was 661 U/L and peak median serum ALP was 1855 U/L. Marked elevations of erythrocyte sedimentation rate, C-reactive protein, and D-dimers were common. Magnetic resonance cholangiopacreatography findings included beading of intrahepatic ducts (11/12, 92%), bile duct wall thickening with enhancement (7/12, 58%), and peribiliary diffusion high signal (10/12, 83%). Liver biopsy in 4 patients showed acute and/or chronic large duct obstruction without clear bile duct loss. Progressive biliary tract damage has been demonstrated radiographically. Five patients were referred for consideration of liver transplantation after experiencing persistent jaundice, hepatic insufficiency, and/or recurrent bacterial cholangitis. One patient underwent successful living donor liver transplantation. DISCUSSION/CONCLUSIONS:Cholangiopathy is a late complication of severe COVID-19 with the potential for progressive biliary injury and liver failure. Further studies are required to understand pathogenesis, natural history, and therapeutic interventions.
PMID: 33993134
ISSN: 1572-0241
CID: 4876442
Safety of Patients with Hepatitis C Virus Treated with Glecaprevir/Pibrentasvir from Clinical Trials and Real-World Cohorts
INTRODUCTION/BACKGROUND:More than 70 million people are estimated to be infected with hepatitis C virus (HCV) globally. If left untreated, HCV infection can lead to complications such as extensive liver fibrosis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Evolution of treatments has resulted in highly effective and well-tolerated all-oral direct-acting antivirals. The pangenotypic regimen of glecaprevir/pibrentasvir is approved for treating HCV for patients without cirrhosis or with compensated cirrhosis (CC). Guidelines have evolved to simplify treatment to enable non-specialists to manage and treat HCV-infected patients. Simultaneously, such treatment algorithms provide guidance on the pretreatment identification of small subsets of patients who may require specialist treatment and long-term follow-up for advanced liver disease, including those at risk of developing HCC. This study describes the safety profile of glecaprevir/pibrentasvir in patients identified using previously described noninvasive laboratory measures who may be eligible for treatment by non-liver specialists. METHODS:This post hoc analysis of glecaprevir/pibrentasvir in patients, identified by noninvasive laboratory measures, intended to exclude patients with advanced liver disease and severe renal impairment, who can be managed within non-liver specialist settings. Patients were included from clinical trials and real-world studies of glecaprevir/pibrentasvir for HCV treatment. Baseline demographics, clinical characteristics, and safety assessments, including adverse events and laboratory abnormalities, were summarized. RESULTS:Data across these large-scale studies confirm that glecaprevir/pibrentasvir is well tolerated across different patient populations, with fewer than 0.1% of patients experiencing a serious adverse event related to treatment drugs, and few patients developing HCC during or after treatment. CONCLUSION/CONCLUSIONS:The safety profile of glecaprevir/pibrentasvir enhances the confidence of non-liver specialists to treat the majority of HCV-infected patients, and provides an opportunity to expand the treater pool, potentially increasing diagnosis and treatment rates for HCV, contributing to elimination of HCV.
PMID: 34021887
ISSN: 1865-8652
CID: 4894932
Comparison of Non-Tumoral Portal Vein Thrombosis Management in Cirrhotic Patients: TIPS Versus Anticoagulation Versus No Treatment
BACKGROUND:There is a lack of consensus in optimal management of portal vein thrombosis (PVT) in patients with cirrhosis. The purpose of this study is to compare the safety and thrombosis burden change for cirrhotic patients with non-tumoral PVT managed by transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) only, anticoagulation only, or no treatment. METHODS:This single-center retrospective study evaluated 52 patients with cirrhosis and non-tumoral PVT managed by TIPS only (14), anticoagulation only (11), or no treatment (27). The demographic, clinical, and imaging data for patients were collected. The portomesenteric thrombosis burden and liver function tests at early follow-up (6-9 months) and late follow-up (9-16 months) were compared to the baseline. Adverse events including bleeding and encephalopathy were recorded. RESULTS:= 0.007). No bleeding complications attributable to anticoagulation were observed. CONCLUSION/CONCLUSIONS:TIPS decreased portomesenteric thrombus burden compared to anticoagulation or no treatment for cirrhotic patients with PVT. Both TIPS and anticoagulation were safe therapies.
PMID: 34073236
ISSN: 2077-0383
CID: 4891422
The case for simplifying and using absolute targets for viral hepatitis elimination goals
The 69th World Health Assembly endorsed the Global Health Sector Strategy for Viral Hepatitis, embracing a goal to eliminate hepatitis infection as a public health threat by 2030. This was followed by the World Health Organization's (WHO) global targets for the care and management of hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections. These announcements and targets were important in raising awareness and calling for action; however, tracking countries' progress towards these elimination goals has provided insights to the limitations of these targets. The existing targets compare a country's progress relative to its 2015 values, penalizing countries who started their programmes prior to 2015, countries with a young population, or countries with a low prevalence. We recommend that (1) WHO simplify the hepatitis elimination targets, (2) change to absolute targets and (3) allow countries to achieve these disease targets with their own service coverage initiatives that will have the maximum impact. The recommended targets are as follows: reduce HCV new chronic cases to ≤5 per 100 000, reduce HBV prevalence among 1-year-olds to ≤0.1%, reduce HBV and HCV mortality to ≤5 per 100 000, and demonstrate HBV and HCV year-to-year decrease in new HCV- and HBV-related HCC cases. The objective of our recommendations is not to lower expectations or diminish the hepatitis elimination standards, but to provide clearer targets that recognize the past and current elimination efforts by countries, help measure progress towards true elimination, and motivate other countries to follow suit.
PMID: 32979881
ISSN: 1365-2893
CID: 4679282
Clinical stage molecule PT150 is a modulator of glucocorticoid and androgen receptors with antiviral activity against SARS-CoV-2
PT150 is a clinical-stage molecule, taken orally, with a strong safety profile having completed Phase 1 and Phase 2 clinical trials for its original use as an antidepressant. It has an active IND for COVID-19. Antiviral activities have been found for PT150 and other members of its class in a variety of virus families; thus, it was now tested against SARS-CoV-2 in human bronchial epithelial lining cells and showed effective 90% inhibitory antiviral concentration (EC90) of 5.55 µM. PT150 is a member of an extended platform of novel glucocorticoid receptor (GR) and androgen receptor (AR) modulating molecules. In vivo, their predominant net effect is one of systemic glucocorticoid antagonism, but they also show direct downregulation of AR and minor GR agonism at the cellular level. We hypothesize that anti-SARS-CoV-2 activity depends in part on this AR downregulation through diminished TMPRSS2 expression and modulation of ACE2 activity. Given that hypercortisolemia is now suggested to be a significant co-factor for COVID-19 progression, we also postulate an additive role for its potent immunomodulatory effects through systemic antagonism of cortisol.
PMCID:7738205
PMID: 33305659
ISSN: 1551-4005
CID: 4735512
Prevalence of Chronic Hepatitis B Virus Infection in the United States
Chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection represents a major global health problem, affecting an estimated 257-291 million persons worldwide and is associated with substantial morbidity and mortality because of clinical complications, such as liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Despite existing resources for vaccination, screening, and treatment, the burden of chronic HBV remains significant within the United States (US). Both the World Health Organization (WHO) and US Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS) have articulated formal hepatitis elimination plans, although an updated assessment of the epidemiology and prevalence of chronic HBV is needed to inform these initiatives. The Chronic Liver Disease Foundation (CLDF), a nonprofit 501(c)(3) educational organization dedicated to raising awareness of liver disease, partnered with a panel of leading US hepatologists to conduct an updated literature review to develop a contemporary HBV prevalence range estimate. Panel members researched and evaluated the peer-reviewed literature on HBV prevalence and, in May 2019, discussed their findings during a live HBV epidemiology workshop. The panel proposed an overall estimated prevalence for chronic HBV infection in the US of 1.59 million persons (range 1.25-2.49 million). This review provides a summary of the workshop findings and conclusions, which may serve to inform future initiatives focused on HBV screening and prevention in the US.
PMID: 32483003
ISSN: 1572-0241
CID: 4480922
Clinical assessment for high-risk patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in primary care and diabetology practices
BACKGROUND:Primary care practitioners (PCPs) and diabetologists are at the frontline of potentially encountering patients with NASH. Identification of those at high risk for adverse outcomes is important. AIM/OBJECTIVE:To provide practical guidance to providers on how to identify these patients and link them to specialty care. METHODS:US members of the Global Council on NASH evaluated the evidence about NASH and non-invasive tests and developed a simple algorithm to identify high-risk NASH patients for diabetologists and primary care providers. These tools can assist frontline providers in decision-making and referral to gastroenterology/hepatology practices for additional assessments. RESULTS:The presence of NASH-related advanced fibrosis is an independent predictor of adverse outcomes. These patients with NASH are considered high risk and referral to specialists is warranted. Given that staging of fibrosis requires a liver biopsy, non-invasive tests for fibrosis would be preferred. Consensus recommendation from the group is to risk-stratify patients based on metabolic risk factors using the FIB-4 as the initial non-invasive test due to its simplicity and ease of use. A FIB-4 score ≥1.3 can be used for further assessment and linkage to specialty care where additional technology to assess liver stiffness or serum fibrosis test will be available. CONCLUSION/CONCLUSIONS:Due to the growing burden of NAFLD and NASH, PCPs and diabetologists are faced with increased patient encounters in their clinical practices necessitating referral decisions. To assist in identifying high-risk NASH patients requiring specialty care, we provide a simple and easy to use algorithm.
PMID: 32598051
ISSN: 1365-2036
CID: 4526802
Journal of hepatology. 2020:Conference:(EASL:):S51-S52.DOI: 10.1016/S0168-2D8278-252820-252930649-2D8
Antiviral activity and safety of the hepatitis B core inhibitor ABI-H0731 administered with a nucleos(t)ide reverse transcriptase inhibitor in patients with HBeAg-negative chronic hepatitis B infection [Meeting Abstract]
Background and Aims: Nucleos(t)ide reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NrtI) are the standard of care for the treatment of chronic HBV (CHB) infection. While these agents achieve viral suppression in most patients (pts), sustained response is rarely achieved following cessation of treatment. The HBV core inhibitor ABI-H0731 (731) in combination with a NrtI is currently being evaluated in Phase 2 clinical studies.
Method(s): ABI-H0731-201 is a double-blind, placebo (Pbo)-controlled study in NrtI-suppressed pts with CHB. Patients were randomized 3:2 to receive 731 (300 mg QD) +NrtI or Pbo+NrtI for 24 wks. Eligible pts had HBV DNA <=LLOQ for >= 6 mos, HBsAg >1000 IU/mL, ALT <=5x ULN and Metavir F0-F2. HBV DNA was measured by COBAS TaqMan 2.0 (LLOQ = 20 IU/mL) and an in-house (ASMB) semi-quantitative PCR assay (LLOQ = 5 IU/mL). HBV pgRNA was measured by an ASMB RT-qPCR assay (LLOQ = 35 IU/mL). Safety was assessed through reporting of adverse events (AE) and laboratory abnormalities. This report summarizes the antiviral activity and safety for the HBeAg-negative pts only.
Result(s): Of the 26 HBeAg-negative pts enrolled in the study, 16 received 731+NrtI and 10 received Pbo+NrtI. Overall, the mean (range) age was 48 (34-64) years, 16 (62%) were male, 21 (81%) were Asian. Results are shown in the table. Treatment with 731+NrtI resulted in a higher proportion of pts achieving TND by the ASMB HBV DNA assay compared with Pbo+NrtI. At baseline and throughout the study, the pgRNA and HBcrAg levels were low and the HBsAg levels did not change. The safety profile of 731+NrtI was similar to Pbo +NrtI. Both treatments were well-tolerated, with no serious adverse events or discontinuations due to AEs. All AEs and lab abnormalities were mild or moderate in severity. Only one pt receiving 731+NrtI reported a Grade 1 rash that resolved on study without treatment interruption. No Grade 3 ALT elevations were observed. [Table presented]
Conclusion(s): In 24weeks of treatment, a higher proportion of HBeAg-negative pts receiving 731+NrtI achieved HBV DNA TND by highly sensitive PCR methodology compared to Pbo+NrtI. 731 has a favorable safety and tolerability profile. These data suggest the contribution of 731 to the standard of care in achieving deeper viral suppression and support continued treatment with 731+NrtI in the open-label Phase 2 study ABI-H0731-211.
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Method(s): ABI-H0731-201 is a double-blind, placebo (Pbo)-controlled study in NrtI-suppressed pts with CHB. Patients were randomized 3:2 to receive 731 (300 mg QD) +NrtI or Pbo+NrtI for 24 wks. Eligible pts had HBV DNA <=LLOQ for >= 6 mos, HBsAg >1000 IU/mL, ALT <=5x ULN and Metavir F0-F2. HBV DNA was measured by COBAS TaqMan 2.0 (LLOQ = 20 IU/mL) and an in-house (ASMB) semi-quantitative PCR assay (LLOQ = 5 IU/mL). HBV pgRNA was measured by an ASMB RT-qPCR assay (LLOQ = 35 IU/mL). Safety was assessed through reporting of adverse events (AE) and laboratory abnormalities. This report summarizes the antiviral activity and safety for the HBeAg-negative pts only.
Result(s): Of the 26 HBeAg-negative pts enrolled in the study, 16 received 731+NrtI and 10 received Pbo+NrtI. Overall, the mean (range) age was 48 (34-64) years, 16 (62%) were male, 21 (81%) were Asian. Results are shown in the table. Treatment with 731+NrtI resulted in a higher proportion of pts achieving TND by the ASMB HBV DNA assay compared with Pbo+NrtI. At baseline and throughout the study, the pgRNA and HBcrAg levels were low and the HBsAg levels did not change. The safety profile of 731+NrtI was similar to Pbo +NrtI. Both treatments were well-tolerated, with no serious adverse events or discontinuations due to AEs. All AEs and lab abnormalities were mild or moderate in severity. Only one pt receiving 731+NrtI reported a Grade 1 rash that resolved on study without treatment interruption. No Grade 3 ALT elevations were observed. [Table presented]
Conclusion(s): In 24weeks of treatment, a higher proportion of HBeAg-negative pts receiving 731+NrtI achieved HBV DNA TND by highly sensitive PCR methodology compared to Pbo+NrtI. 731 has a favorable safety and tolerability profile. These data suggest the contribution of 731 to the standard of care in achieving deeper viral suppression and support continued treatment with 731+NrtI in the open-label Phase 2 study ABI-H0731-211.
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EMBASE:2007845152
ISSN: 1600-0641
CID: 4781832
Journal of hepatology. 2020:Conference:(EASL:):S140-S141.DOI: 10.1016/S0168-2D8278-252820-252930791-2D1
Machine learning identifies histologic features associated with regression of cirrhosis in treatment for chronic hepatitis B [Meeting Abstract]
Background and aims: Machine learning (ML) may facilitate interpretation of histologic changes associated with treatment of chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. We developed ML models that identify and quantify histologic features in a clinical study of HBV patients receiving antiviral therapy.
Method(s): ML models were developed using H&E histology images from 330 patients enrolled in registrational studies for tenofovir disoproxil fumarate for HBV (GS-US-174-0102, GS-US-174-0103). Histological improvement and regression of cirrhosis were assessed by a central pathologist at baseline (BL) and weeks 48 and 240 according to the Ishak/Knodell necroinflammatory scoring and Ishak fibrosis staging systems. Images were split into training (N = 1090) and testing sets (N = 1061). Models were trained using the PathAI research platform (Boston, MA) to identify inflamed regions and immune cells (lymphocytes and plasma cells) using annotations from 40 board-certified pathologists. Additional annotations of steatosis and ballooning from previous models were included in training. Slide-level, quantitative ML features were computed and correlated with pathologist scores to assess accuracy. Regression analysis was performed to determine associations of ML features at BL and changes from BL with cirrhosis regression at week 240. Results were generated using the testing image set.
Result(s): ML % area of portal inflammation correlated strongly with Ishak portal inflammation scores (rho = 0.643; p < 0.001) and ML % area of interface inflammation correlated strongly with Ishak periportal necrosis scores (rho = 0.716; p < 0.001). Of the 48 patients in the testing set with cirrhosis at BL, 36 patients (75%) no longer had cirrhosis at week 240. Lower ML % area of steatosis (Figure) and greater ML % area of lobular inflammation at BL were predictive of cirrhosis regression (p = 0.006, p = 0.047, respectively), indicating the presence of underlying fatty liver in those who do not resolve cirrhosis. Change from baseline in ML % area of portal and lobular inflammation as well as change in lymphocyte density correlated with regression of cirrhosis at week 240 (p = 0.010, p = 0.026, p = 0.031 respectively). [Figure presented]
Conclusion(s): An ML approach accurately classified histopathologic features in H&E images from HBV clinical trial biopsies. ML features at BL and changes in ML features with treatment were significant associated with cirrhosis regression. An ML approach for evaluating liver histology in patients with HBV can provide mechanistic insight into both HBV disease pathogenesis and cirrhosis regression.
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Method(s): ML models were developed using H&E histology images from 330 patients enrolled in registrational studies for tenofovir disoproxil fumarate for HBV (GS-US-174-0102, GS-US-174-0103). Histological improvement and regression of cirrhosis were assessed by a central pathologist at baseline (BL) and weeks 48 and 240 according to the Ishak/Knodell necroinflammatory scoring and Ishak fibrosis staging systems. Images were split into training (N = 1090) and testing sets (N = 1061). Models were trained using the PathAI research platform (Boston, MA) to identify inflamed regions and immune cells (lymphocytes and plasma cells) using annotations from 40 board-certified pathologists. Additional annotations of steatosis and ballooning from previous models were included in training. Slide-level, quantitative ML features were computed and correlated with pathologist scores to assess accuracy. Regression analysis was performed to determine associations of ML features at BL and changes from BL with cirrhosis regression at week 240. Results were generated using the testing image set.
Result(s): ML % area of portal inflammation correlated strongly with Ishak portal inflammation scores (rho = 0.643; p < 0.001) and ML % area of interface inflammation correlated strongly with Ishak periportal necrosis scores (rho = 0.716; p < 0.001). Of the 48 patients in the testing set with cirrhosis at BL, 36 patients (75%) no longer had cirrhosis at week 240. Lower ML % area of steatosis (Figure) and greater ML % area of lobular inflammation at BL were predictive of cirrhosis regression (p = 0.006, p = 0.047, respectively), indicating the presence of underlying fatty liver in those who do not resolve cirrhosis. Change from baseline in ML % area of portal and lobular inflammation as well as change in lymphocyte density correlated with regression of cirrhosis at week 240 (p = 0.010, p = 0.026, p = 0.031 respectively). [Figure presented]
Conclusion(s): An ML approach accurately classified histopathologic features in H&E images from HBV clinical trial biopsies. ML features at BL and changes in ML features with treatment were significant associated with cirrhosis regression. An ML approach for evaluating liver histology in patients with HBV can provide mechanistic insight into both HBV disease pathogenesis and cirrhosis regression.
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EMBASE:2007845653
ISSN: 1600-0641
CID: 4781822
Non-invasive tests of fibrosis and risk of liver-related complications: observations following successful sofosbuvir-based treatment in patients with HCV cirrhosis [Meeting Abstract]
Background and Aims: Noninvasive tests of fibrosis (NITs) are an alternative to liver biopsy for fibrosis staging and monitoring; however, associations between NITs and disease progression are poorly understood. Our aim was to evaluate the risk of liver-related complications according to baseline at enrolment (BL) and changes in the Enhanced Liver Fibrosis (ELF) test and liver stiffness by transient elastography (LS by TE) following sustained virologic response (SVR) in patients with HCV cirrhosis.
Method(s): Patients with pre-treatment HCV cirrhosis who achieved SVR with sofosbuvir (SOF)-based regimens were enrolled in an ongoing, prospective registry (NCT02292706). Patients underwent routine clinical and laboratory assessments, including semi-annual ELF testing and annual LS by TE. At BL, fibrosis stage was defined based on ELF (F0-F2, <9.8; F3, 9.8-11.3; F4, >11.3) and LS by TE (F0-F2, <9.6 kPa; F3, 9.6-12.5 kPa; F4,?>12.5 kPa). Changes at 48 weeks (improved, no change, worse) were defined based on ELF response (>=0.5 unit change from BL) and LS by TE response (>=25% change from BL). Associations between NITs and all-cause mortality, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and total liver-related events (hepatic decompensation, transplantation, HCC, and liver-related death) were evaluated using Cox regression.
Result(s): We included 1,370 subjects with HCV Child-Pugh A cirrhosis (median 60 years of age, 32% female). At BL, median ELF was 9.8 (IQR 9.1, 10.7); 530 (39%) and 158 (12%) patients had ELF scores consistent with F3 and F4 fibrosis, respectively. Median LS by TE was 13.9 kPa (IQR 9.1, 21.3); 210 (15%) and 640 (47%) patients had LS by TE consistent with F3 and F4 fibrosis, respectively. After a median follow-up from BL of 144 weeks (IQR 119, 172), BL ELF and LS by TE class were associated with risks of all-cause mortality, HCC, and liver-related events (Table). Relative to BL F0-F2, significantly increased risks for all outcomes were observed for both F3 and F4 fibrosis defined by ELF, and F4 fibrosis defined by LS by TE. Worsening of ELF at 48 weeks was significantly associated with increased risk of all-cause mortality, while risks of HCC and total liver-related events were numerically, but non-significantly, higher for this group. In contrast, worsening of LS by TE at 48 weeks was not significantly associated with increased risks of the studied outcomes. Improvements in either measure were not associated with the risk of complications.
Conclusion(s): Following successful HCV therapy in patients with HCV-related cirrhosis, BL NITs are prognostic. Changes in NITs over 48 weeks may also be predictive of disease progression; however, further study is necessary following the accrual of additional follow-up time and events. This study is among the first to show an association between changes in liver fibrosis and changes in liver-associated morbidity and mortality in patients with compensated cirrhosis. [Figure presented]
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Method(s): Patients with pre-treatment HCV cirrhosis who achieved SVR with sofosbuvir (SOF)-based regimens were enrolled in an ongoing, prospective registry (NCT02292706). Patients underwent routine clinical and laboratory assessments, including semi-annual ELF testing and annual LS by TE. At BL, fibrosis stage was defined based on ELF (F0-F2, <9.8; F3, 9.8-11.3; F4, >11.3) and LS by TE (F0-F2, <9.6 kPa; F3, 9.6-12.5 kPa; F4,?>12.5 kPa). Changes at 48 weeks (improved, no change, worse) were defined based on ELF response (>=0.5 unit change from BL) and LS by TE response (>=25% change from BL). Associations between NITs and all-cause mortality, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and total liver-related events (hepatic decompensation, transplantation, HCC, and liver-related death) were evaluated using Cox regression.
Result(s): We included 1,370 subjects with HCV Child-Pugh A cirrhosis (median 60 years of age, 32% female). At BL, median ELF was 9.8 (IQR 9.1, 10.7); 530 (39%) and 158 (12%) patients had ELF scores consistent with F3 and F4 fibrosis, respectively. Median LS by TE was 13.9 kPa (IQR 9.1, 21.3); 210 (15%) and 640 (47%) patients had LS by TE consistent with F3 and F4 fibrosis, respectively. After a median follow-up from BL of 144 weeks (IQR 119, 172), BL ELF and LS by TE class were associated with risks of all-cause mortality, HCC, and liver-related events (Table). Relative to BL F0-F2, significantly increased risks for all outcomes were observed for both F3 and F4 fibrosis defined by ELF, and F4 fibrosis defined by LS by TE. Worsening of ELF at 48 weeks was significantly associated with increased risk of all-cause mortality, while risks of HCC and total liver-related events were numerically, but non-significantly, higher for this group. In contrast, worsening of LS by TE at 48 weeks was not significantly associated with increased risks of the studied outcomes. Improvements in either measure were not associated with the risk of complications.
Conclusion(s): Following successful HCV therapy in patients with HCV-related cirrhosis, BL NITs are prognostic. Changes in NITs over 48 weeks may also be predictive of disease progression; however, further study is necessary following the accrual of additional follow-up time and events. This study is among the first to show an association between changes in liver fibrosis and changes in liver-associated morbidity and mortality in patients with compensated cirrhosis. [Figure presented]
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EMBASE:2007845923
ISSN: 1600-0641
CID: 4782872
