Faculty Bibliography

Based on diaries he kept between the ages of 13-16, musician and author Jim Carroll's book, The Basketball Diaries, describes his harrowing descent into drug use. The descriptions in the book are useful in helping those who work with adolescent substance abusers understand their patients' experiences. Using Carroll's descriptions of his addiction, the author discusses various parameters that determine the appropriate treatment approach to the adolescent substance abuser. He discusses how Carroll's depictions of himself can be understood in light of research on motivation and readiness for change, and concludes that the evidence at age 16 does not suggest a good prognosis. Nevertheless, Carroll did survive, overcame his addiction, and made an adaptation to the drug-free adult world.

Rational emotive behavioral therapy (REBT) is a form of cognitive behavioral therapy developed by Albert Ellis. Developed in the 1950s, REBT was one of the earliest forms of what became known as cognitive behavioral therapy. It was successfully adapted for children and adolescents in the 1980s (Barnard & Joyce, 1984) and has been studied extensively and shown to be effective in this population (Gonzales, Nelson, & Gutkin, 2004). This article provides a selective review of the literature, and brief overview of REBT, and discusses its advantages and disadvantages.

Interventions to reduce the likelihood of relapse, or a return to substance abuse after a period of abstinence, are important components of substance abuse treatment. Treatment interventions for adolescence with substance use disorders should incorporate principles of relapse prevention. The relapse prevention model advanced by Marlatt and Gordon and others in the addiction field is a self-control model, based on a cognitive-behavioral approach. This model stands in contrast to a disease model, which many in the medical field have adhered to. This paper presents a summary of the key features of Marlatt and Gordon's cognitive-behavioral approach to relapse prevention. 2011 Bentham Science Publishers Ltd

The purpose of this preliminary study is to evaluate if there is a difference between the intelligence quotient (IQ) of 27 adolescent defendants referred to the Bellevue Hospital Center Forensic Psychiatry Clinic after committing violent crimes, and those adolescents in the same age group in the general population of the United States, as defined by the norms of the psychometric testing instrument Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children, 4th edition (WISC-IV). The IQ scores and sub-scores were compared to IQ scores of the general population (mean = 100, SD = 15) using a Z-test. The mean for the Full Scale IQ was 82.93. The means for the subtests which include Processing Speed Index, Perceptual Reasoning Index, Verbal Comprehension Index, and Working Memory Index, were: 78.48, 87.78, 86.70 (p < 0.05), and 90.78 (p = 0.09) respectively. There is a statistically significant difference in the IQ scores of the violent juveniles studied when compared to the general population