Faculty Bibliography

BACKGROUND: The objectives of the present study were to report the incidence of pathologic T3a upstaging in a contemporary cohort of patients with clinical stage T1 (cT1) renal tumors treated with partial or radical nephrectomy; investigate the clinical outcomes; and identify the predictors associated with pathologic upstaging. MATERIALS AND METHODS: From a single-institution, institutional review board-approved renal tumor database of 945 patients, we identified 610 patients who had undergone surgery for a cT1 renal mass. Data for 494 patients were available for analysis. Of these, 66 lesions had been pathologically upstaged to T3a after surgery and 428 had not. The oncologic follow-up data and clinical and pathologic features were recorded, and multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to identify the risk factors for pT3a upstaging, controlling for age, gender, body mass index, and nephrectomy type. RESULTS: The cT1 tumors of 66 patients (13.3%) were upstaged to pT3a after surgery. Of these 66 patients, 44 (66.7%) had undergone partial and 22 (33.3%) radical nephrectomy. The median follow-up period was 50 months. No patient with upstaging developed recurrence, and all were disease free at their last follow-up visit. On multivariable analysis, tumor size > 4 cm (odds ratio [OR], 3.766; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.417-10.011; P < .008), clear cell histologic features (OR, 4.461; 95% CI, 1.498-13.461; P < .007), and positive surgical margins (hazard ratio, 5.118; 95% CI, 2.088-12.547; P < .0001) were associated with upstaging. CONCLUSION: Of the cT1 lesions in 66 patients, 13% were pathologically upstaged after surgery. The patients with larger tumors, clear cell histologic features, and positive surgical margins were at the greatest risk of upstaging. However, after an intermediate follow-up period, pathologic upstaging did not appear to result in worsened oncologic outcomes.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the 6-month effects of the recommended drug and light dosage in focal vascular-targeted photodynamic therapy (VTP) using TOOKAD((R)) Soluble in patients with localized prostate cancer (LPCa). METHODS: We performed a pooled analysis of 117 men with LPCa, PSA <10 ng/mL, and Gleason score /= 1 (N = 67). Mean prostate necroses at week-1 were 76.5 and 86.3 %, respectively. In both groups, PSA levels at month 6 decreased by 2.0 ng/mL. Small changes from baseline for IPSS and IIEF-5 indicated a slight improvement in urinary function and a slight deterioration in sexual function. CONCLUSIONS: Focal VTP treatment with TOOKAD((R)) Soluble at 4 mg/kg and 200 J/cm resulted in a negative 6-month biopsy rate of 68.4 % for the whole population and 80.6 % for patients treated by hemiablation with LDI >/= 1. The treatment was well tolerated. Two phase III studies will reach completion in early 2015.