Faculty Bibliography

OBJECTIVES/UNASSIGNED:We hypothesized that docusate is effective in the treatment of constipation in pediatric patients. Secondary outcomes included the safety and acceptance of docusate as well as the efficacy, safety and acceptance of PEG-3350 in the treatment of constipation. METHODS/UNASSIGNED:This multicenter retrospective study included children 1 month to 18 years of age who received either oral docusate or PEG-3350 during their hospital admission. We documented the occurrence of bowel movements within the first 72 h of drug administration. We also evaluated time to first bowel movement, frequency of bowel movements per 24-hour periods, adverse effects and acceptance of docusate/PEG-3350 by the patients, concomitant medications, and response according to medical history. RESULTS/UNASSIGNED: = 0.3283). There were no differences in adverse effects or acceptance between groups. CONCLUSIONS/UNASSIGNED:This is the first study that proves the efficacy of oral docusate in the treatment of hospitalized pediatric patients with acute constipation. It is also the first study that shows no difference in efficacy between docusate and PEG-3350 in pediatric patients. We hope a prospective trial would further confirm our findings.

Objective: The aim of this study was to examine the prevalence of bandemia in confirmed respiratory viral infections in febrile infants and children presenting to the emergency department. Methods: An observational retrospective study from January 1, 2016, through December 31, 2016, was conducted in patients between the ages of ≥ 1 month and ≤ 5 years presenting to the emergency room with fever and who had a complete blood cell count performed. Patients were separated into seven groups based on the type of respiratory viral infection. Inclusion criteria strictly counted children with viral infections and absence of clinical and laboratory evidence of a bacterial coinfection. Results: A total of 419 patients had a documented viral infection. A significant proportion of these children were found to have bandemia; children with adenovirus (17%), respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) (14.9%), human metapneumovirus (hMPV) (13%), and parainfluenza virus (7.9%) had the highest prevalence when the cutoff for bandemia was set at 10%. The prevalence increased to 35.3, 30.9, 40.3, and 15.8% for adenovirus, RSV, hMPV, and parainfluenza virus, respectively, when this cutoff was lowered further to 5%. Conclusion: Band neutrophils are detected frequently in confirmed respiratory viral infections particularly during early stages.