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189


Promotion of Positive Childhood Experiences and Early Relational Health in Pediatric Primary Care: Accumulating Evidence

Roby, Erin; Canfield, Caitlin F; Seery, Anne M; Dreyer, Benard; Mendelsohn, Alan L
PMCID:10939971
PMID: 37748538
ISSN: 1876-2867
CID: 5645552

Integrating equifinality and multifinality into the of prevention programs in early childhood: The conceptual case for use of tiered models

Shaw, Daniel S; Mendelsohn, Alan L; Morris-Perez, Pamela A; Weaver Krug, Chelsea
Introduced in the context of developmental psychopathology by Cicchetti and Rogosh in the Journal, the current paper incorporates the principles of equifinality and multifinality to support the use of tiered models to prevent the development of emerging child psychopathology and promote school readiness in early childhood. We use the principles of equifinality and multifinality to describe the limitations of applying one intervention model to address all children presenting with different types of risk for early problem behavior. We then describe the potential benefits of applying a tiered model for having impacts at the population level and two initial applications of this approach during early childhood. The first of these tiered models, Smart Beginnings, integrates the use of two evidenced-based preventive interventions, Video Interaction Project, a universal parenting program, and Family Check-Up, a selective parenting program. Building on the strengths of Smart Beginnings, the second trial, The Pittsburgh Study includes Video Interaction Project and Family Check-Up, and other more and less-intensive programs to address the spectrum of challenges facing parents of young children. Findings from these two projects are discussed with their implications for developing tiered models to support children's early development and mental health.
PMID: 38415663
ISSN: 1469-2198
CID: 5722622

Stress and Infant Media Exposure During COVID-19: A Study Among Latino Families

Zanzoul, Sarah; Strickland, Pamela Ohman; Mendelsohn, Alan L; Malke, Keanaan; Bator, Alicja; Hemler, Jennifer; Jimenez, Manuel E
OBJECTIVE:The COVID-19 pandemic disproportionately harmed Latino families; however, its effects on their stress and media routines remain understudied. We examined economic and parenting stress patterns during the COVID-19 pandemic and estimated associations between these forms of stress and nonadherence to American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) infant media exposure recommendations among Latino families. We also explored how nonadherence with AAP recommendations varied with COVID-19 cases. METHODS:We analyzed baseline data from an ongoing clinical trial recruiting low-income Latino parent-infant dyads. Nonadherence with AAP media exposure recommendations (ScreenQ) and economic and parent stress were measured using parent reports. Additional variables included epidemiological data on COVID-19 cases. Linear models examined associations between the pandemic and both stress variables as well as between stress and ScreenQ. Using locally weighted scatterplot smoothing curve fitting, the rise and fall of NJ COVID-19 cases were overlayed with ScreenQ scores over time to visualize and explore trends. RESULTS:All parents identified as Latino (62.6% unemployed, 91.5% limited English proficiency). Mean infant age was 8.2 months. Parent stress increased over time during the COVID-19 pandemic (r = 0.13, p = 0.0369). After covariate adjustment, economic and parent stress were associated with increased nonadherence with AAP recommendations (standardized beta = 0.16, 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.03-0.29; standardized beta = 0.18, 95% CI, 0.04-0.31, respectively). Nonadherence to media exposure recommendations seemed to track with rises in the number of COVID-19 cases with a lag of 7 days. CONCLUSION/CONCLUSIONS:Parent and economic stress were associated with nonadherence to infant media exposure recommendations among Latino families. These findings highlight the need for practitioners to support families from under-resourced communities and to promote healthy media routines.
PMID: 38127845
ISSN: 1536-7312
CID: 5612062

Researching COVID to enhance recovery (RECOVER) pediatric study protocol: Rationale, objectives and design

Gross, Rachel S; Thaweethai, Tanayott; Rosenzweig, Erika B; Chan, James; Chibnik, Lori B; Cicek, Mine S; Elliott, Amy J; Flaherman, Valerie J; Foulkes, Andrea S; Gage Witvliet, Margot; Gallagher, Richard; Gennaro, Maria Laura; Jernigan, Terry L; Karlson, Elizabeth W; Katz, Stuart D; Kinser, Patricia A; Kleinman, Lawrence C; Lamendola-Essel, Michelle F; Milner, Joshua D; Mohandas, Sindhu; Mudumbi, Praveen C; Newburger, Jane W; Rhee, Kyung E; Salisbury, Amy L; Snowden, Jessica N; Stein, Cheryl R; Stockwell, Melissa S; Tantisira, Kelan G; Thomason, Moriah E; Truong, Dongngan T; Warburton, David; Wood, John C; Ahmed, Shifa; Akerlundh, Almary; Alshawabkeh, Akram N; Anderson, Brett R; Aschner, Judy L; Atz, Andrew M; Aupperle, Robin L; Baker, Fiona C; Balaraman, Venkataraman; Banerjee, Dithi; Barch, Deanna M; Baskin-Sommers, Arielle; Bhuiyan, Sultana; Bind, Marie-Abele C; Bogie, Amanda L; Bradford, Tamara; Buchbinder, Natalie C; Bueler, Elliott; Bükülmez, Hülya; Casey, B J; Chang, Linda; Chrisant, Maryanne; Clark, Duncan B; Clifton, Rebecca G; Clouser, Katharine N; Cottrell, Lesley; Cowan, Kelly; D'Sa, Viren; Dapretto, Mirella; Dasgupta, Soham; Dehority, Walter; Dionne, Audrey; Dummer, Kirsten B; Elias, Matthew D; Esquenazi-Karonika, Shari; Evans, Danielle N; Faustino, E Vincent S; Fiks, Alexander G; Forsha, Daniel; Foxe, John J; Friedman, Naomi P; Fry, Greta; Gaur, Sunanda; Gee, Dylan G; Gray, Kevin M; Handler, Stephanie; Harahsheh, Ashraf S; Hasbani, Keren; Heath, Andrew C; Hebson, Camden; Heitzeg, Mary M; Hester, Christina M; Hill, Sophia; Hobart-Porter, Laura; Hong, Travis K F; Horowitz, Carol R; Hsia, Daniel S; Huentelman, Matthew; Hummel, Kathy D; Irby, Katherine; Jacobus, Joanna; Jacoby, Vanessa L; Jone, Pei-Ni; Kaelber, David C; Kasmarcak, Tyler J; Kluko, Matthew J; Kosut, Jessica S; Laird, Angela R; Landeo-Gutierrez, Jeremy; Lang, Sean M; Larson, Christine L; Lim, Peter Paul C; Lisdahl, Krista M; McCrindle, Brian W; McCulloh, Russell J; McHugh, Kimberly; Mendelsohn, Alan L; Metz, Torri D; Miller, Julie; Mitchell, Elizabeth C; Morgan, Lerraughn M; Müller-Oehring, Eva M; Nahin, Erica R; Neale, Michael C; Ness-Cochinwala, Manette; Nolan, Sheila M; Oliveira, Carlos R; Osakwe, Onyekachukwu; Oster, Matthew E; Payne, R Mark; Portman, Michael A; Raissy, Hengameh; Randall, Isabelle G; Rao, Suchitra; Reeder, Harrison T; Rosas, Johana M; Russell, Mark W; Sabati, Arash A; Sanil, Yamuna; Sato, Alice I; Schechter, Michael S; Selvarangan, Rangaraj; Sexson Tejtel, S Kristen; Shakti, Divya; Sharma, Kavita; Squeglia, Lindsay M; Srivastava, Shubika; Stevenson, Michelle D; Szmuszkovicz, Jacqueline; Talavera-Barber, Maria M; Teufel, Ronald J; Thacker, Deepika; Trachtenberg, Felicia; Udosen, Mmekom M; Warner, Megan R; Watson, Sara E; Werzberger, Alan; Weyer, Jordan C; Wood, Marion J; Yin, H Shonna; Zempsky, William T; Zimmerman, Emily; Dreyer, Benard P; ,
IMPORTANCE/OBJECTIVE:The prevalence, pathophysiology, and long-term outcomes of COVID-19 (post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 [PASC] or "Long COVID") in children and young adults remain unknown. Studies must address the urgent need to define PASC, its mechanisms, and potential treatment targets in children and young adults. OBSERVATIONS/METHODS:We describe the protocol for the Pediatric Observational Cohort Study of the NIH's REsearching COVID to Enhance Recovery (RECOVER) Initiative. RECOVER-Pediatrics is an observational meta-cohort study of caregiver-child pairs (birth through 17 years) and young adults (18 through 25 years), recruited from more than 100 sites across the US. This report focuses on two of four cohorts that comprise RECOVER-Pediatrics: 1) a de novo RECOVER prospective cohort of children and young adults with and without previous or current infection; and 2) an extant cohort derived from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study (n = 10,000). The de novo cohort incorporates three tiers of data collection: 1) remote baseline assessments (Tier 1, n = 6000); 2) longitudinal follow-up for up to 4 years (Tier 2, n = 6000); and 3) a subset of participants, primarily the most severely affected by PASC, who will undergo deep phenotyping to explore PASC pathophysiology (Tier 3, n = 600). Youth enrolled in the ABCD study participate in Tier 1. The pediatric protocol was developed as a collaborative partnership of investigators, patients, researchers, clinicians, community partners, and federal partners, intentionally promoting inclusivity and diversity. The protocol is adaptive to facilitate responses to emerging science. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE/CONCLUSIONS:RECOVER-Pediatrics seeks to characterize the clinical course, underlying mechanisms, and long-term effects of PASC from birth through 25 years old. RECOVER-Pediatrics is designed to elucidate the epidemiology, four-year clinical course, and sociodemographic correlates of pediatric PASC. The data and biosamples will allow examination of mechanistic hypotheses and biomarkers, thus providing insights into potential therapeutic interventions. CLINICAL TRIALS.GOV IDENTIFIER/BACKGROUND:Clinical Trial Registration: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT05172011.
PMCID:11075869
PMID: 38713673
ISSN: 1932-6203
CID: 5658342

Enhancing early language and literacy skills for racial/ethnic minority children with low incomes through a randomized clinical trial: The mediating role of cognitively stimulating parent-child interactions

Miller, Elizabeth B; Canfield, Caitlin F; Roby, Erin; Wippick, Helena; Shaw, Daniel S; Mendelsohn, Alan L; Morris-Perez, Pamela A
Parenting is a critical mediator of children's school readiness. In line with this theory of change, data from the randomized clinical trial of Smart Beginnings (tiered Video Interaction Project and Family Check-Up; N = 403, treatment arm n = 201) were used to examine treatment impacts on early language and literacy skills at child age 4 years (nLatinx  = 168, nBlack  = 198, nMale  = 203), as well as indirect impacts through parental support of cognitive stimulation at child age 2 years. Although results did not reveal direct effects on children's early skills, there were significant indirect effects for early literacy (β = .03, p = .05) and early language (β = .04, p = .04) via improvements in parental cognitive stimulation. Implications for interventions targeting parenting to improve children's school readiness beginning at birth are discussed.
PMID: 38153204
ISSN: 1467-8624
CID: 5623282

Infant Feeding Outcomes from a Culturally-Adapted Early Obesity Prevention Program for Immigrant Chinese American Parents

Duh-Leong, Carol; Au, Loretta; Chang, Lucy Y; Feldman, Naumi M; Pierce, Kristyn A; Mendelsohn, Alan L; Perrin, Eliana M; Sanders, Lee M; Velazquez, Jessica J; Lei, Yuxiao; Xing, Samantha X; Shonna Yin, H
OBJECTIVE:To examine whether a cultural adaptation of an early childhood obesity prevention program promotes healthy infant feeding practices. STUDY DESIGN/METHODS:Prospective quasi-experimental study of a community-engaged multiphasic cultural adaptation of an obesity prevention program set at a federally qualified health center serving immigrant Chinese American parent-child dyads (N=298). In a group of historical controls, we assessed early infant feeding practices (breastfeeding, sugar-sweetened beverage intake) in 6-month-olds and then the same practices alongside early solid food feeding practices (bottle weaning, fruit, vegetable, sugary or salty snack consumption) in 12-month-olds. After implementation, we assessed these practices in an intervention cohort group at 6 and 12 months. We used cross-sectional groupwise comparisons and adjusted regression analyses to evaluate group differences. RESULTS:At 6 months, the intervention group had increased odds of no sugar-sweetened beverage intake (aOR: 5.69 [95% CI: 1.65, 19.63], p=0.006). At 12 months, the intervention group also had increased odds of no sugar-sweetened beverage intake (aOR: 15.22 [95% CI: 6.33, 36.62], p<0.001), increased odds of bottle weaning (aOR: 2.34 [95% CI: 1.05, 5.23], p=0.03), and decreased odds of sugary snack consumption (aOR: 0.36 [0.18, 0.70], p= 0.003). We did not detect improvements in breastfeeding, fruit, vegetable, or salty snack consumption. CONCLUSION/CONCLUSIONS:A cultural adaptation of a primary care-based educational obesity prevention program for immigrant Chinese American families with low-income is associated with certain healthy infant feeding practices. Future studies should evaluate cultural adaptations of more intensive interventions that better address complex feeding practices like breastfeeding and evaluate long-term weight outcomes.
PMID: 38880393
ISSN: 1876-2867
CID: 5671732

Prenatal Risks to Healthy Food Access and High Birthweight Outcomes

Duh-Leong, Carol; Perrin, Eliana M; Heerman, William J; Schildcrout, Jonathan S; Wallace, Shelby; Mendelsohn, Alan L; Lee, David C; Flower, Kori B; Sanders, Lee M; Rothman, Russell L; Delamater, Alan M; Gross, Rachel S; Wood, Charles; Yin, Hsiang Shonna
OBJECTIVE:Infants with high birthweight have increased risk for adverse outcomes at birth and across childhood. Prenatal risks to healthy food access may increase odds of high birthweight. We tested whether having a poor neighborhood food environment and/or food insecurity had associations with high birthweight. METHODS:We analyzed cross-sectional baseline data in Greenlight Plus, an obesity prevention trial across six US cities (n = 787), which included newborns with a gestational age greater than 34 weeks and a birthweight greater than 2500 g. We assessed neighborhood food environment using the Place-Based Survey and food insecurity using the US Household Food Security Module. We performed logistic regression analyses to assess the individual and additive effects of risk factors on high birthweight. We adjusted for potential confounders: infant sex, race, ethnicity, gestational age, birthing parent age, education, income, and study site. RESULTS:Thirty-four percent of birthing parents reported poor neighborhood food environment and/or food insecurity. Compared to those without food insecurity, food insecure families had greater odds of delivering an infant with high birthweight (adjusted odds ratios [aOR] 1.96, 95% confidence intervals [CI]: 1.01, 3.82) after adjusting for poor neighborhood food environment, which was not associated with high birthweight (aOR 1.35, 95% CI: 0.78, 2.34). Each additional risk to healthy food access was associated with a 56% (95% CI: 4%-132%) increase in high birthweight odds. CONCLUSIONS:Prenatal risks to healthy food access may increase high infant birthweight odds. Future studies designed to measure neighborhood factors should examine infant birthweight outcomes in the context of prenatal social determinants of health.
PMID: 37659601
ISSN: 1876-2867
CID: 5618142

Prenatal and Pediatric Primary Care-Based Child Obesity Prevention: Effects of Adverse Social Determinants of Health on Intervention Attendance and Impact

Duh-Leong, Carol; Messito, Mary Jo; Katzow, Michelle W.; Kim, Christina N.; Mendelsohn, Alan L.; Scott, Marc A.; Gross, Rachel S.
ISI:001154567300001
ISSN: 2153-2168
CID: 5636642

Supporting School Readiness in Pediatric Primary Care: The Importance of both Screening and Developmental Promotion

Roby, Erin; Iyer, Sai N; Mendelsohn, Alan
PMID: 38879000
ISSN: 1876-2867
CID: 5671652

An exploration of the domain specificity of maternal sensitivity among a diverse sample in the infancy period: Unique paths to child outcomes

Taraban, Lindsay; Shaw, Daniel S; Morris, Pamela A; Mendelsohn, Alan L
Maternal sensitivity during an observed mother-child clean-up task at 18 months and maternal sensitivity during an observed mother-child free-play task at 18 months were tested as independent predictors of child internalizing symptoms, externalizing symptoms, social competence, and language development at 24 months. Participants (n = 292 mothers) were recruited between 2015 and 2017, and were low-income (mean annual income = $19,136) and racially and ethnically diverse (43.8% Black; 44.2% Latinx). Maternal sensitivity during clean-up was a significant predictor of all social-emotional outcomes, and a unique predictor of child internalizing symptoms. Maternal sensitivity during free-play was a unique predictor of child language. Results suggest that context-specific subtypes of maternal sensitivity may differentially relate to early child outcomes.
PMID: 37612891
ISSN: 1467-8624
CID: 5598662