Faculty Bibliography

The new test was described for reporters by telephone on Monday by officials from the W.H.O. and three other international health groups, the Stop TB Partnership, Unitaid and the Foundation for Innovative New Diagnostics, or FIND

Todd N. McAllister of Cytograft Tissue Engineering in Novato, Calif., said, ''[Doris A. Taylor]'s work is one of those maddeningly simple ideas that you knock yourself on the head, saying, 'Why didn't I think of that?'<0>'' Dr. McAllister's team has used a snippet of a patient's skin to grow blood vessels in a laboratory, and then implanted them to restore blood flow around a patient's damaged arteries and veins. ''The heart is a beautiful organ,'' Dr. Taylor said, ''and it's not one that I thought I'd ever be able to build in a dish.'' Beginning Jan. 15, Adam Liptak's column, ''Sidebar,'' will appear on Tuesdays. Dan Barry's column, ''This Land,'' will return on Monday, Jan. 21

In a study published online by the journal Annals of Internal Medicine, the bacteria seemed to be spread most easily through anal intercourse but also through casual skin-to-skin contact and touching contaminated surfaces.

''It's likely that some cultural influences are involved, and I am sure that people are doing what their grandmothers and aunties did in practices carried through generations,'' Dr. [Kenneth L. Dominguez] said. The first two cases involved boys from Miami infected in the mid-'90s. One boy's infection was detected when he was 39 months old, shortly before his death, after previously testing negative for the virus twice. The mother, who was infected, reported pre-chewing food for the boy. The second boy's mother was uninfected but lived with an infected aunt who pre-chewed his food. He survives. In the third case, a girl from Memphis was found to be infected in 2004 at 9 months old after testing negative for the virus three times. Her mother was infected and pre-chewed food for her daughter

The operation was performed mainly to determine whether the melanoma, a potentially fatal form of skin cancer, had spread from his left temple to a key lymph node in his neck; a preliminary pathology test at the time showed that it had not. In 1999, during McCain's first race for president, he gave the public an extraordinary look at his medical history - 1,500 pages of medical and psychiatric records that were amassed as part of a U.S. Navy project to gauge the health of former prisoners of war.

Another plenary speaker, Dr. Bruno Spire, the president of AIDES, a nongovernmental group in France, also called for improving laws and policies to combat stigma and discrimination against groups most vulnerable to H.I.V., typically gay and bisexual men, injecting drug users and sex workers

There was 'a 'planting and eating soybean' project for people living with H.I.V./AIDS in rural Anhui, China,' 'situational analysis and client satisfaction evaluation of A.R.T. centers in India' and 'coordinating procurement planning using logistics data,' to name but a few such studies

Dr. Kevin DeCock, director of the HIV department of the World Health Organization, a UN agency, said that health workers might accept the modest risk of becoming infected with HIV through needles and blood. But, he added, 'it is quite another thing if you are at risk by sharing air with patients with HIV' who have tuberculosis that is resistant to standard and second-line drugs. That, he said, 'has the potential to change how health care workers look at the issue of AIDS care.' At least 700,000 tuberculosis cases develop among HIV-infected people each year, and an estimated 230,000 HIV-infected people will die this year from tuberculosis. The number includes many who received standard antiretroviral drugs that can keep HIV in check but who failed to receive drugs that can usually cure nonresistant tuberculosis, said Dr. Mario Raviglione, director of tuberculosis control for the WHO. A particular problem is that in 2006, only 12 percent of reported tuberculosis cases worldwide were also tested for HIV; in Africa, the percentage was 22. But Raviglione noted signs of progress. He said that the percentage of tuberculosis patients tested for HIV in Kenya rose to 70 in 2007 from 19 in 2004 and in Malawi to 83 from 25 in 2004. In Rwanda, the percentage rose to 89 from zero

''It all works exactly the same, the cuts and the procedure,'' Dr. Sade said. ''But the circumstances are quite different.'' Mr. Navarro was diagnosed with adrenoleukodystrophy, a neurological disorder, when he was 9. ''He would walk like he was drunk,'' said his mother, [Rosa Navarro], a Guatemalan immigrant. ''And when he would play, he would fall like Bambi.'' ''He didn't deserve to be like that, to go that way,'' she said. ''He died without dignity and sympathy and without respect.''