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The role of attachment relationship in adolescents' problem behavior development: a cross-sectional study of Kenyan adolescents in Nairobi city

Wambua, Grace Nduku; Obondo, Anne; Bifulco, Antonia; Kumar, Manasi
BACKGROUND:There is a significant link between insecure attachment and the development of psychopathology in adolescence. We investigated the relationship between adolescent attachment styles and the development of emotional and behavioral problems among adolescents in Kenya. We also examined the modifying influence of socio-economic-status (SES). METHOD/METHODS:One hundred and thirty-seven adolescents who were attending two schools participated in the study. One school (low SES school) catered for children from predominantly low-income households, while the second school (middle SES school) catered for children from predominantly middle-income households. The data were collected using three instruments: researcher designed questionnaire to obtain socio-demographic information, the Strength and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) that is designed to assess symptoms of disorder, and the Vulnerable Attachment Scale Questionnaire (VASQ) that is designed to measure attachment style. RESULTS:< 0.01), experiencing significantly higher levels of attachment insecurity than those with lower scores. CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS/CONCLUSIONS:This study supports the notion that attachment insecurity increases the adolescents' susceptibility to develop psychological problems.
PMCID:5984764
PMID: 29881453
ISSN: 1753-2000
CID: 5831782

Shifting parental roles, caregiving practices and the face of child development in low resource informal settlements of Nairobi: experiences of community health workers and school teachers

Kumar, Manasi; Madeghe, Beatrice; Osok-Waudo, Judith; Wambua, Grace Nduku; Amugune, Beatrice Kagai
Approximately, 42% of the Kenyan population live below the poverty line. Rapid growth and urbanization of Kenya's population have resulted in a changing poverty and food security environment in high-density urban areas. Lack of basic food needs in Kenya affects approximately 34.8% rural population and 7.6% of its urban population. Using multi-community stakeholders such as teachers and community health workers (CHWs), this paper examined food insecurity and its consequences on caregiving practices and child development. A qualitative study design was utilized. Key informant interviews and focused-group discussions with four primary school teachers and three CHWs and a nurse in-charge working within Kariobangi and Kangemi were applied to elicit various perspectives from family-, school- and community-level challenges that influence caregiving practices and child development. Grounded theory method was applied for qualitative data sifting and thematic analysis. Our findings exposed various challenges at the school, family and the community levels that affect caregiving practices and consequent child development. School-level challenges included lack of adequate amenities for effective learning, food insecurity, absenteeism and mental health challenges. Family-level barriers included lack of parenting skills, financial constraints, domestic violence and lack of social support, while community challenges such as unemployment, poor living conditions, cultural practices, lack of social support and poor community follow-up mechanisms contributed to poor parenting practices and child development. Parenting practices and holistic child development strategies in resource poor settings should focus on parenting skills, food security, quality education and addressing parents and children's mental health challenges.
PMCID:6260887
PMID: 30534188
ISSN: 1744-859x
CID: 5831812

A cross-sectional study of depression with comorbid substance use dependency in pregnant adolescents from an informal settlement of Nairobi: drawing implications for treatment and prevention work

Kimbui, Eric; Kuria, Mary; Yator, Obadia; Kumar, Manasi
INTRODUCTION/BACKGROUND:Adolescent pregnancy is a highly prevalent and significant public health problem in Kenya, and mental health needs of pregnant adolescent girls have been overlooked. Nearly, 50% of the world's population comprises children and adolescents and 85% live in lower and middle-income countries. OBJECTIVE:Pregnant adolescents were interviewed to ascertain certain social determinants of mental health such as social support, partner or parent support, and demographic profile and assessed for depression using EPDS and for severity of depression using BDI, and their alcohol abuse assessed using AUDIT. METHODS:A cross-sectional descriptive study using a purposive sample of 212 pregnant adolescents visiting Kangemi Health Centre in Nairobi was conducted. RESULTS:= 0.011). CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS/CONCLUSIONS:Alcohol abuse during pregnancy presents a significant public health burden and the associated health risks for the adolescent mother and her baby are enormous. We need to bolster screening for the comorbid disorders such as depression and substance use disorders, particularly alcohol in order to address mental health and psychosocial functioning of adolescents. The underlying adversities and sociocultural challenges need to be better understood and mechanisms that lead to comorbidities require further research. Depression interventions for Kenyan adolescents would need to embed screening, treatment and management of substance abuse.
PMCID:6300883
PMID: 30598688
ISSN: 1744-859x
CID: 5831822

Mechanisms associated with maternal adverse childhood experiences on offspring's mental health in Nairobi informal settlements: a mediational model testing approach

Kumar, Manasi; Amugune, Beatrice; Madeghe, Beatrice; Wambua, Grace Nduku; Osok, Judith; Polkonikova-Wamoto, Anastasia; Bukusi, David; Were, Fred; Huang, Keng-Yen
BACKGROUND:Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) is a significant public health and social welfare problem in low-and middle income countries (LMICs). However, most ACEs research is based on developed countries, and little is known about mechanisms of early ACEs on adulthood health and offspring's wellbeing for populations in LMICs. This area is needed to guide social welfare policy and intervention service planning. This study addresses these research gaps by examining patterns of ACEs and understanding the role of ACEs on adulthood health (i.e., physical, mental health, experience of underage pregnancy) and offspring's mental health in Kenya. The study was guided by an Integrated Family Stress and Adverse Childhood Experiences Mediation Framework. METHODS:Three hundred ninety four mothers from two informal communities in Kariobangi and Kangemi in Nairobi were included in this study. The Adverse Childhood Experiences International Questionnaire (ACE-IQ), the Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K10), Overall Health and Quality of Life items, and Child Behavior Checklist were used to study research questions. Data was gathered through a one-time interview with mothers. Structural Equational Modeling (SEM) was applied for mediational mechanism testing. RESULTS:Among 13 ACE areas, most mothers experienced multiple adversity during their childhood (Mean (SD) = 4.93 (2.52)), with household member treated violently (75%) as the most common ACE. SEM results showedthat all domains of ACEs were associated with some aspects of maternal health, and all three domains of maternal health (maternal mental health, physical health, and adolescent pregnancy) were significantly associated with development of offspring's mental health problems. CONCLUSION/CONCLUSIONS:ACEs are highly prevalent in Kenyan informal settlements. Consistent with cross cultural literature on family stress model, maternal ACEs are robust predictors for poor child mental health. Preventive interventions for child mental health need to address maternal adverse childhood traumatic experiences as well as their current health in order to effectively promote child mental health.
PMID: 30518351
ISSN: 1471-244x
CID: 3520342

Population and fertility by age and sex for 195 countries and territories, 1950-2017: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017

Murray, Christopher J. L.; Callender, Charlton S. K. H.; Kulikoff, Xie Rachel; Srinivasan, Vinay; Abate, Degu; Abate, Kalkidan Hassen; Abay, Solomon M.; Abbasi, Nooshin; Abbastabar, Hedayat; Abdela, Jental; Abdelalim, Ahmed; Abdel-Rahman, Omar; Abdi, Alireza; Abdoli, Nasrin; Abdollahpour, Ibrahim; Abdulkader, Rizwan Suliankatchi; Abebe, Haftom Temesgen; Abebe, Molla; Abebe, Zegeye; Abebo, Teshome Abuka; Abejie, Ayenew Negesse; Aboyans, Victor; Abraha, Haftom Niguse; Abreu, Daisy Maria Xavier; Abrham, Aklilu Roba; Abu-Raddad, Laith Jamal; Abu-Rmeileh, Niveen M. E.; Accrombessi, Manfred Mario Kolkou; Acharya, Pawan; Adamu, Abdu A.; Adebayo, Oladimeji M.; Adedeji, Isaac Akinkunmi; Adekanmbi, Victor; Adetokunboh, Olatunji O.; Adhena, Beyene Meressa; Adhikari, Tara Ballav; Adib, Mina C.; Adou, Arsene Kouablan; Adsuar, Jose C.; Afarideh, Mohsen; Afshin, Ashkan; Agarwal, Gina; Agesa, Kareha M.; Aghayan, Sargis Aghasi; Agrawal, Sutapa; Ahmadi, Alireza; Ahmadi, Mehdi; Ahmed, Muktar Beshir; Ahmed, Sayem; Aichour, Amani Nidhal; Aichour, Ibtihel; Aichour, Miloud Taki Eddine; Akanda, Ali S.; Akbari, Mohammad Esmaeil; Akibu, Mohammed; Akinyemi, Rufus Olusola; Akinyemiju, Tomi; Akseer, Nadia; Alahdab, Fares; Al-Aly, Ziyad; Alam, Khurshid; Alebel, Animut; Aleman, Alicia V.; Alene, Kefyalew Addis; Al-Eyadhy, Ayman; Ali, Raghib; Alijanzadeh, Mehran; Alizadeh-Navaei, Reza; Aljunid, Syed Mohamed; Alkerwi, Ala'a; Alla, Francois; Allebeck, Peter; Almasi, Ali; Alonso, Jordi; Al-Raddadi, Rajaa M.; Alsharif, Ubai; Altirkawi, Khalid; Alvis-Guzman, Nelson; Amare, Azmeraw T.; Ammar, Walid; Anber, Nahla Flamed; Andrei, Catalina Liliatta; Androudi, Sofia; Animut, Megbant Delialkie; Ansari, Hossein; Ansha, Mustafa Geleto; Antonio, Carl Abelardo T.; Appiah, Seth Christopher Yaw; Aremu, Olatunde; Areri, Habtamu Abera; Arian, Nicholas; Arnlov, Johan; Artaman, Al; Aryal, Krishna K.; Asayesh, Hamid; Asfaw, Ephrem Tsegay; Asgedom, Solomon Weldegebreal; Assadi, Reza; Atey, Tesfay Mehari Mehari; Afique, Suleman; Atteraya, Madhu Sudhan; Ausloos, Marcel; Avokpaho, Euripide F. C. A.; Awasthi, Ashish; Quintanilla, Beatriz Paulina Ayala; Ayele, Yohanes; Ayer, Rakesh; Ayuk, Tambe B.; Azzopardi, Peter S.; Babalola, Tesleem Kayode; Babazadeh, Arefeh; Radali, Hamid; Badawi, Alaa; Bali, Ayele Geleto; Ranach, Maciej; Barker-Collo, Suzanne Lyn; Barnighausen, Till Winfried; Barrero, Lope H.; Basaleem, Huda; Bassat, Quique; Basu, Arindam; Baune, Bernhard T.; Baynes, Habtamu Wondifraw; Beghi, Ettore; Behzadifar, Masoud; Belazadifar, Meysam; Bekele, Bayu Begashaw; Belachew, Abate Bekele; Belay, Aregawi Gebreyesus; Belay, Ezra; Belay, Saba Abrahant; Belay, Yihalem Abebe; Bell, Michelle L.; Bello, Aminu K.; Bennett, Derrick A.; Bensenor, Isabela M.; Bergeron, Gilles; Berhane, Adugnaw; Berman, Adam E.; Bernabe, Eduardo; Bernstein, Robert S.; Bertolacci, Gregory J.; Beuran, Mircea; Bhattarai, Suraj; Bhaumik, Soumyadeep; Bhutia, Zulltiqar A.; Biadgo, Belete; Bijani, Ali; Rikbov, Boris; Bililign, Nigus; Bin Sayeed, Muhammad Shandaat; Birlik, Sait Mentes; Birungi, Charles; Diswas, Tuhin; Bizuneh, Hailemichael; Bleyer, Archie; Basara, Berrak Bora; Bosetti, Cristina; Boufous, Soufiane; Brady, Oliver J.; Bragazzi, Nicola Luigi; Brainin, Michael; Brazinova, Alexandra; Breitborde, Nicholas J. K.; Brenner, Hermann; Brewer, Jetty D.; Briant, Paul Svitil; Britton, Gabrielle; Burstein, Roy; Busse, Reinhard; Riff, Zahid A.; Cahuana-Hurtado, Lucero; Campos-Nonato, Ismael R.; Rincon, Julio Cesar Campuzano; Cano, Jorge; Car, Mate; Cardenas, Rosario; Carrero, Juan J.; Carvalho, Felix; Castaneda-Orjuela, Carlos A.; Rivas, Jacqueline Castillo; Castro, Franz; Catala-Lopez, Ferran; Cavin, Alanur; Cerin, Ester; Chalek, Julian; Chang, Hsing-Yi; Chang, Jung-Chen; Chattopadhyay, Aparajita; Chaturvedi, Pankaj; Chiang, Peggy Pei-Chia; Chin, Ken Lee; Chisumpa, Vesper Hichilombwe; Chitheer, Abdulaal; Choi, Jee-Young J.; Chowdhury, Rajiv; Christopher, Devasahayam J.; Cicuttini, Flavia M.; Ciobanu, Liliana G.; Cirillo, Massimo; Claro, Rafael M.; Collado-Mateo, Daniel; Constantin, Maria-Magdalena; Conti, Sara; Cooper, Cyrus; Cooper, Leslie Trumbull; Cornaby, Leslie; Cortesi, Paolo Angelo; Cortinovis, Monica; Costa, Megan; Cromwell, Elizabeth A.; Crowe, Christopher Stephen; Cukelj, Petra; Cunningham, Matthew; Daba, Alemneh Kabeta; Dachew, Berihun Assefa; Dandona, Lalit; Dandona, Rakhi; Dargan, Paul I.; Daryani, Ahmad; Das Gupta, Raja T.; Das Neves, Jose; Dasa, Tamirat Tesfaye; Dash, Aditya Prasad; Weaver, Nicole Davis; Davitoiu, Dragos Virgil; Daffetov, Kairat; De Leo, Diego; De Neve, Jan Walter; Degefa, Meaza Ginna; Degenhardt, Louisa; Degfie, Tizta Tilahun; Deiparine, Selina; Demoz, Gebre Teklemariam; Demtsu, Eakin; Denova-Gutierrez, Edgar; Deribe, Kebede; Dervenis, Nikolaos; Des Jarlais, Don C.; Dessie, Getenet Ayalew; Dharniaratne, Samath D.; Dhimal, Meghnath; Dicker, Daniel; Ding, Eric L.; Dinsa, Ginnaye Deye; Djalalinia, Shirin; Huyen Phuc Do; Dokova, Klara; Doku, David Teye; Dolan, Kate A.; Doyle, Kerrie E.; Driscoll, Tint R.; Dubey, Manisha; Dubljanin, Eleonora; Duken, Eyasu Neff; Duraes, Andre R.; Ebrahimpour, Soheil; Edvardsson, David; El Bcheraoui, Charbel; El-Khatib, Ziad; Elyazar, Iqbal Rf; Enayati, Ahmadali; Endries, Aman Yesuf; Ermakov, Sergey Petrovich; Eshrati, Babak; Eskandarieh, Sharareh; Esmaeili, Reza; Esteghamati, Alireza; Esteghamati, Sadaf; Estep, Kara; Fakhim, Hamed; Farag, Tamer; Faramarzi, Mahbobeh; Fareed, Mohammad; Farinha, Carla Sofia E. Sa; Faro, Andre; Farvid, Maryam S.; Farzadfar, Farshad; Farzaei, Mohammad Hosein; Fay, Kairsten A.; Fazeli, Mir Sohail; Feigin, Valery I.; Feigl, Andrea B.; Feizy, Fariba; Fenny, Ama P.; Fentahun, Netsanet; Fereshtehnejad, Seyed-Mohammad; Femandes, Eduarda; Feyissa, Garumma Tolu; Filip, Irina; Finegold, Samuel; Fischer, Florian; Flor, Luisa Sorio; Foigt, Nataliya A.; Foreman, Kyle J.; Fornari, Carla; Furst, Thomas; Fukumoto, Takeshi; Fuller, John E.; Fullman, Nancy; Gakidou, Emmanuela; Gallus, Silvano; Gamkrelidze, Amiran; Ganji, Morsaleh; Gankpe, Fortune Gbetoho; Garcia, Gregory N.; Garcia-Gordillo, Miguel A.; Gebre, Abadi Kahsu; Gebre, Teshome; Gebregergs, Gebremedhin Berhe; Gebrehiwot, Tsegaye Tewelde; Gebremedhin, Amanttel Tesfay; Gelano, Tilayie Feto; Gelaw, Yalemzewod Assefa; Geleijnse, 'Johanna N.; Genova-Maleras, Ricard; Gething, Peter; Gezae, Kebede Embaye; Ghadami, Mohammad Rasoul; Ghadimi, Reza; Ghadiri, Keyghobad; Falavarjani, Khalil Ghasemi; Ghasemi-Kasman, Maryam; Ghiasvand, Hesam; Ghimire, Mamata; Ghoshal, Aloke Gopal; Gill, Paramjit Singh; Gill, Tiffany K.; Giussani, Giorgia; Gnedovskaya, Elena V.; Goli, Srinivas; Gomez, Ricardo Santiago; Gomez-Dantes, Hector; Gona, Philimon N.; Goodridge, Amador; Gopalani, Sameer Vali; Goulart, Alessandra C.; Niegia, Barbara; Goulart, Garcia; Grada, Ayman; Grosso, Giuseppe; Gugnani, Harish Chander C.; Guo, Jingwen; Guo, Yuming; Gupta, Prakash C.; Gupta, Rahul; Gupta, Rajeev; Gupta, Tanush; Haagsma, Juanita A.; Hachinski, Vladimir; Hafezi-Nejad, Nima; Hagos, Tekleberhan B.; Hailegiyorgis, Tewodros Tesfa; Hailu, Gessessew Bugssa; Haj-Mirzaian, Arvin; Haj-Mirzaian, Arya; Hamadeh, Randah R.; Hamidi, Sarver; Handal, Alexis J.; Hankey, Graeme J.; Hao, Yuantao; Harb, Hilda I.; Haririan, Hamidreza; Haro, Josep Maria; Hasan, Mehedi; Hassankhani, Hadi; Hassen, Hamid Yimam; Havrnoeller, Rasmus; Hay, Simon I.; He, Yihua; Hedayatizadeh-Omran, Akbar; Hegazy, Mohamed I.; Heibati, Behzad; Heidari, Behnam; Hendrie, Delia; Henok, Andualem; Henry, Nathaniel J.; Herteliu, Claudiu; Heydarpour, Fatemeh; Hibstu, Desalegn T.; Hole, Michael K.; Rad, Enayatollah Homaie; Hoogar, Praveen; Hosgood, H. Dean; Hosseini, Seyed Mostafa; Chavoshi, Meimanat M. Hosseini; Hosseinzadeh, Mehdi; Hostiuc, Mihaela; Hostiuc, Sorin; Hsairi, Mohamed; Hsiao, Thomas; Hu, Guoqing; Huang, John J.; Iburg, Kim Moesgaard; Igumbor, Ehimario U.; Ikeda, Chad Thomas; Ilesanmi, Olayinka Stephen; Iqbal, Usman; Irenso, Asnake Ararsa; Irvani, Seyed Sina Naghibi; Isehunwa, Oluwaseyi Oluwakemi; Islam, Sheikh Mohammed Sharifhl; Jahangiry, Leila; Jahanmehr, Nader; Jam, Sudhir Kumar; Jakovljevic, Mihajlo; Jalu, Moti Tolera; James, Spencer L.; Jassal, Simerjot K.; Javanbakht, Mehdi; Jayatilleke, Achala Upendra; Jeemon, Panniyammakal; Jha, Ravi Prakash; Jha, Vivekanand; Ji, John S.; Jonas, Jost B.; Jozwiak, Jacek Jerzy; Jungari, Suresh Banayya; Jurisson, Mikk; Kabir, Zubair; Kadel, Rajendra; Kahsay, Amaha; Kalani, Rizwan; Kapil, Umesh; Karami, Manoochehr; Martin, Behead Karami; Karch, Andre; Karema, Corine; Karimi, Seyed M.; Kasacian, Amir; Kassa, Dessalegn H.; Kassa, Getachew Muilu; Kassa, Tesfaye Dessale; Kassa, Zemenu Yohannes; Kassebaum, Nicholas J.; Kastor, Anshul; Katikireddi, Srinivasa Vittal; Kaul, Anil; Kawakami, Norito; Karyani, Ali Kazemi; Kebede, Seifu; Keiyoro, Peter Njenga; Kemp, Grant Rodgers; Kengne, Andre Pascal; Keren, Andre; Kereselidze, Maia; Khader, Yousef Saleh; Khafaie, Morteza Abdullatif; Khajavi, Alireza; Khalid, Nauman; Khalil, Ibrahim A.; Khan, Ejaz Ahmad; Khan, Muhammad Shahzeb; Hang, Young-Ho K.; Khanna, Tripti; Khater, Mona M.; Khatony, Alireza; Khazaeipour, Zahra; Khazaie, Habibolah; Khoja, Abdullah T.; Khosravi, Ardeshir; Khosravi, Mohammad Hossein; Kibret, Getiye D.; Kidenemariam, Zelalem Teklemariam; Kiirithio, Daniel N.; Kilgore, Paul Evan; Kim, Daniel; Kim, Jun Y.; Kim, Young-Eun; Kim, Yun Jin; Kimokoti, Ruth W.; Kinfu, Yohannes; Kinra, Sanjay; Kisa, Adnan; Kivimaki, Mika; Kochhar, Sonli; Kokubo, Yoshihiro; Kolola, Tufa; Kopec, Jacek A.; Kosek, Margaret N.; Kosen, Soewarta; Koul, Parvaiz A.; Koyanagi, Ai; Krishan, Kewal; Krishnaswami, Sanjay; Krohn, Kristopher J.; Defo, Barthelemy Kuate; Bicer, Burcu Kucuk; Kumar, G. Anil; Kumar, Manasi; Kumar, Pushpendra; Kumsa, Fekede Asefa; Kutz, Michael J.; Lad, Sheetal D.; Lafranconi, Alessandra; Lal, Dharmesh Kumar; Lalloo, Ratilal; Lam, Hilton; Lami, Faris Hasan; Lang, Justin J.; Lansky, Sonia; Lansingh, Van C.; Laryea, Dennis Odai; Lassi, Zohra S.; Latifi, Arman; Laxmaiah, Avula; Lazarus, Jeffrey V.; Lee, James B.; Lee, Paul H.; Leigh, James; Leshargie, Cheru Tesema; Leta, Samson; Levi, Miriam; Li, Shanshan; Li, Xiaohong; Li, Yichong; Liang, Juan; Liang, Xiaofeng; Liben, Misgan Iegesse; Lim, Lee-Ling; Limenih, Miteku Andualem; Linn, Shai; Liu, Shiwei; Lorkowski, Stefan; Lotufo, Paulo A.; Lozano, Rafael; Lunevicius, Raimundas; Mabika, Crispin Mabika; Macarayan, Erlyn Rachelle King; Mackay, Mark T.; Madotto, Fabiana; Mahmood, Tarek Abd Elaziz; Mahotra, Narayan Bahadur; Majdan, Marek; Majdzadeh, Reza; Majeed, Azeem; Malekzadeh, Reza; Malik, Manzoor Ahmad; Mamun, Abdullah A.; Mariano, Wondimu Ayele; Manda, Ana-Laura; Mangalam, Srikanth; Mansournia, Mohammad Ali; Mantovani, Lorenzo Giovanni; Mapoma, Chabila Christopher; Marami, Dadi; Maravilla, Joemer C.; Marcenes, Wagner; Marina, Shakhnazarova; Martins-Melo, Francisco Rogerlandio; Martz, Winfried; Marzan, Melvin B.; Mashamba-Thompson, Tivani Phosa; Masiye, Felix; Mason-Jones, Amanda J.; Massenburg, Benjamin Ballard; Mathur, Mann Raj; Main, Pallab K.; Mazidi, Mohsen; McGrath, John J.; Mehata, Suresh; Mehendale, Sanjay Madhav; Mehndiratta, Man Mohan; Mehrotra, Ravi; Mehrzadi, Saeed; Mehta, Kala M.; Mehta, Varshil; Mekonnen, Tefera C.; Meles, Hagazi Gebre; Meles, Kidanu Gebremariam; Melese, Addisu; Melku, Mulugeta; Memiah, Peter T. N.; Memish, Ziad A.; Mendoza, Walter; Mengesha, Melkamu Merid; Mengistu, Desalegn Tadese; Mengistu, Getnet; Mensah, George A.; Mereta, Seid Tiku; Meretoja, Atte; Meretoja, Tuomo J.; Mestrovic, Tomislav; Mezgebe, Haftay Berhane; Miangotar, Yode; Miazgowski, Bartosz; Miazgowski, Tomasz; Miller, Ted R.; Miller-Petrie, Molly Katherine; Mini, G. K.; Mirabi, Parvaneh; Mirica, Andreea; Mirrakhimov, Erkin M.; Misganaw, Awoke Temesgen; Moazen, Bahak; Mohammad, Karzan Abduhmuhsin; Mohammadi, Moslem; Mohammadifard, Noushin; Mohanmmdi-Khanaposhtani, Marysm; Mohammed, A. Mohammed; Mohammed, Shafiu; Mokdad, Ali H.; Mola, Glen Dl; Molokhia, Mariam; Monasta, Lorenzo; Montanez, Julio Cesar; Moradi, Ghobad; Moradi, Mahmoudreza; Moradi-Lakeh, Maziar; Moradinazar, Mehdi; Moraga, Paula; Morgado-Da-Costa, Joana; Mori, Rintaro; Morrison, Shane Douglas; Mosapour, Abbas; Moschos, Marilita M.; Mousavi, Seyyed Meysam; Muche, Achenef Asmamaw; Muchie, Kindle Fentahun; Mueller, Ulrich Otto; Mukhopadhyay, Satinath; Murphy, Tasha B.; Muller, Kate; Murthy, G. V. S.; Musa, Jonah; Musa, Kamarul Imran; Mustafa, Ghulam; Muthupandian, Saravanan; Nachega, Jean B.; Nagel, Gabriele; Naghavi, Mohsen; Naheed, Aliya; Nahnjou, Azin; Naik, Gurudatta; Naik, Paulami; Najafi, Farid; Naldi, Luigi; Nangia, Vinay; Nansseu, Jobert Richie; Naschnento, Bruno Ramos; Nawaz, Haseeb; Ncama, Busisiwe P.; Neamati, Nahid; Negoi, Ionut; Negoi, Ruxandra Irina; Neupane, Subas; Newton, Charles Richard James; Ngalesoni, Frida N.; Ngunjiri, Josephine W.; Nguyen, Grant; Long Hoang Nguyen; Trang Huyen Nguyen; Ningrum, Dina Nur Anggraini; Nirayo, Yirga Legesse; Nisar, Muhammad Miran; Nixon, Molly R.; Nomura, Shuhei; Noroozi, Mehdi; Noubiap, Jean Jacques; Nouri, Hamid Reza; Shiadeh, Malihe Nourollahpour; Nowroozi, Mohammad Reza; Nyandwi, Alypio; Nyasulu, Peter S.; Odell, Christopher M.; Ofori-Asenso, Richard; Ogah, Okechukwu Samuel; Ogbo, Felix Akpojene; Oh, In-Hwan; Okoro, Anselm; Oladimeji, Olanrewaju; Olagunju, Andrew T.; Olagunju, Tinuke O.; Olivares, Pedro R.; Olusanya, Bolajoko Olubukunola; Olusanya, Jacob Olusegun; Ong, Sok King; Ortiz, Alberto; Osgood-Zimmerman, Aaron; Ota, Erika; Otieno, Brenda Achieng; Otstavnov, Stanislav S.; Owolabi, Mayowa Ojo; Oyekale, Abayomi Samuel; Pakhale, Mahesh P. A. Smita; Pakhare, Abhijtt P.; Pana, Adrian; Panda, Basant Kumar; Panda-Jonas, Songhomina; Pandey, Achyut Raj; Park, Eun-Kee; Parsian, Hadi; Patel, Shanti; Patil, Snehal T.; Patle, Ajay; Patton, George C.; Paturi, Vishnupriya Rao; Paudel, Deepak; Pedroso, Marcel Moraes; Peprah, Emmanuel K.; Pereira, David M.; Perico, Norberto; Pesudovs, Konrad; Petri, William A.; Petzold, Max; Pierce, Maxwell; Pigott, David M.; Pillay, Julian David; Pirsaheb, Meghdad; Polanczyk, Guilherme V.; Postma, Maarten J.; Pourmalek, Farshad; Pourshams, Akram; Poustchi, Hossein; Prakash, Swayam; Prasad, Narayan; Purcell, Caroline A.; Purwar, Manorama B.; Qorbani, Mostafa; Quansah, Reginald; Radfar, Arnir; Rafay, Anwar; Rafiei, Alireza; Rahim, Fakher; Rahimi-Movaghar, Afarin; Rahimi-Movaghah, Vafa; Rahman, Mahfuzar; Rahman, Md Shafiur; Rahman, Mohammad Hifz Ur; Rahman, Muhammad Aziz; Rahman, Sajjad Ur; Rai, Rajesh Kumar; Rajati, Fatemeh; Rajsic, Sasa; Ram, Usha; Ranabhat, Chhabi Lal; Ranjan, Prabhat; Rawaf, David Laith; Rawaf, Salman; Ray, Sarah E.; Razo-Garcia, Christian; Reiner, Robert C.; Reis, Cesar; Remuzzi, Giuseppe; Renzaho, Andre M. N.; Resnikoff, Serge; Rezaei, Satar; Rezaeian, Shahab; Rezai, Mohammad Sadegh; Riahi, Seyed Mohammad; Rios-Blancas, Maria Jesus; Roba, Kedir Teji; Roberts, Nicholas L. S.; Roever, Leonardo; Ronfani, Luca; Roshandel, Gholamreza; Rostami, Ali; Rubagotti, Enrico; Ruhago, George Mugambage; Sabde, Yogesh Damodar; Sachdev, Perminder S.; Saddik, Basema; Moghaddam, Sahar Saeedi; Safari, Hosein; Safari, Yahya; Safari-Faramani, Roya; Safdarian, Mandi; Safi, Sare; Safiri, Saeid; Sagan, Rajesh; Sahebkar, Amirhossein; Sahraian, Mohammad Ali; Sajadi, Haniye Sadat; Salahshoor, Mohamadreza; Salam, Nasir; Salama, Joseph S.; Salamati, Payman; Saldanha, Raphael De Freitas; Sateen, Zikria; Salimi, Yahya; Salimzadeh, Hamideh; Salomon, Joshua A.; Santosh, Sundeep Salvi; Salz, Inbal; Sanibala, Evanson Zondani; Samy, Abdallah M.; Sanabria, Juan; Sanchez-Nino, Maria Dolores; Santos, Itamar S.; Milicevic, Milena M. Santric; Jose, Bruno Piassi Sao; Sardana, Mayank; Sarker, Abdur Razzaque; Sanniento-Suarez, Rodrigo; Saroshe, Satish; Sarrafradegan, Nizal; Sartorius, Berm; Sarvi, Shahabeddin; Sathian, Brijesh; Satpathy, Maheswar; Sawant, Arundhati R.; Sawhney, Monika; Saxena, Sonia; Schaeffner, Elke; Schelonka, Kathryn; Schneider, Ione J. C.; Schwebel, David C.; Schwendicke, Falk; Seedat, Soraya; Sekerija, Mario; Sepanlou, Sadaf G.; Servan-Mori, Edson; Shabaninejad, Hosein; Shackelford, Katya Anne; Shafieesabet, Azadeh; Shaheen, Amira A.; Shaikh, Masood Ali; Shakir, Raad A.; Shams-Beyranvand, Mehran; Shamsi, Mohammadbagher; Sharnsizadeh, Morteza; Sharafi, Heidar; Sharafi, Kiomars; Sharif, Mehdi; Sharif-Alhoseini, Mahdi; Sharma, Jayendra; Sharma, Rajesh; She, Jun; Sheikh, Ariz; Shi, Pailin; Shibuya, Kenji; Shigematsu, Mika; Shiri, Rahman; Shirkoohi, Reza; Shiue, Ivy; Shokraneh, Farhad; Shukla, Sharvari Rahul; Si, Si; Siabani, Soraya; Sibai, Abla Mehio; Siddiqi, Tariq J.; Sigfusdottir, Inga Dora; Sigurvinsdottir, Rannveig; Silpakit, Naris; Silva, Diego Augusto Santos; Silva, Joao Pedro; Silveira, Dayane Gabriele Alves; Singam, Narayana Sarma Venkata; Singh, Jasvinder A.; Singh, Narinder Pal; Singh, Virendra; Sinha, Dhirendra Narain; Sliwa, Karen; Soares Filho, Adauto Martins; Sobaih, Badr Hasan; Sobhani, Soheila; Soofi, Moslem; Soriano, Joan B.; Soyiri, Ineneous N.; Sreeramareddy, Chandrashekhar T.; Starodubov, Vladimir I.; Steiner, Cartlyn; Stewart, Leo G.; Stokes, Mark A.; Strong, Mark; Subart, Michelle L.; Sufiyan, Mu'awiyyah Babale; Sulo, Gerhard; Sunguya, Bruno F.; Sur, Patrick John; Sutradhar, Ipsita; Sykes, Bryan L.; Sylaja, P. N.; Sylte, Dillon O.; Szoeke, Cassandra E. I.; Tabares-Seisdedos, Rafael; Tabb, Karen M.; Tadakamadla, Santos Kumar; Tandon, Nikhil; Tassew, Aberash Abay; Tassew, Segen Gebremeskel; Taveira, Nuno; Tawye, Nega Yimer; Tehrani-Banihashemi, Arash; Tekalign, Tigist Gashaw; Tekle, Merhawi Gebremedhin; Temsah, Mohamad-Hani; Terkawi, Abdullah Sulieman; Teshale, Manaye Yihune; Tessema, Belay; Teweldemedhin, Mebrahtu; Thakur, Jarnail Singh; Thankappan, Kavumpurathu Raman; Thirunavukkarasu, Sathish; Thomas, Nihal; Thomson, Alan J.; Tilahun, Binyam; To, Quyen G.; Tonelli, Marcello; Topor-Madry, Roman; Torre, Anna E.; Tortajada-Girbes, Miguel; Tovani-Palone, Marcos Roberto; Toyoshima, Hideaki; Bach Xuan Tran; Khan Bao Tran; Tripathy, Srikanth Prasad; Truelsen, Thomas Clement; Nu Thi Truong; Tsadik, Afewerki Gebremeskel; Tsegay, Amanuel; Tsilimparis, Nikolaos; Car, Lorainne Tudor; Ukwaja, Kingsley N.; Ullah, Irfan; Usman, Muhammad Shariq; Uthman, Olalekan A.; Uzun, Selen Begum; Vaduganathan, Muthiah; Vaezi, Afsane; Vaidya, Gaurang; Valdez, Pascual R.; Varavikova, Elena; Varughese, Santosh; Vasankari, Tommi Juhani; Vasconcelos, Ana Maria Nogales; Venketasubramanian, Narayanaswamy; Villafaina, Santos; Violante, Francesco S.; Vladimirov, Sergey Konstantinovitch; Vlassov, Vasily; Vollset, Stein Emil; Vos, Theo; Vosoughi, Kia; Vujcic, Isidora S.; Wagnew, Fasil Shiferaw; Waheed, Yasir; Walson, Judd L.; Wang, Yanping; Wang, Yuan-Pang; Weiderpass, Elisabete; Weintraub, Robert G.; Weldegwergs, Kidu Gidey; Werdecker, Andrea; Westerman, Ronny; Whiteford, Harvey; Widecka, Justyna; Widecka, Katarzyna; Wijeratne, Tissa; Winkler, Andrea Sylvia; Wiysonge, Charles Shey; Wolfe, Charles D. A.; Wu, Shouling; Wyper, Grant M. A.; Xu, Gelin; Yamada, Tomohide; Yano, Yuichiro; Yaseri, Mehdi; Yasin, Yasin Jemal; Ye, Pengpeng; Yentur, Gokalp Kadri; Yeshaneh, Alex; Yimer, Ebrahim M.; Yip, Paul; Yisma, Engida; Yonemoto, Naohiro; Yoon, Seok-Jun; Yotebieng, Marcel; Younis, Mustafa Z.; Yousefifard, Mahmoud; Yu, Chuanhua; Zadnik, Vesna; Zaidi, Zoubida; Bin Zaman, Sojib; Zamani, Mohammad; Zare, Zohreh; Zeleke, Mulugeta Mona; Zenebe, Zerihun Menlkalew; Zerfu, Taddese Alemu; Zhang, Xueying; Zhao, Xiu-Ju; Zhou, Maigeng; Zhu, Jun; Zimsen, Stephanie R. M.; Zodpey, Sanjay; Zoeckler, Leo; Lopez, Alan D.; Lim, Stephen S.
Background Population estimates underpin demographic and epidemiological research and are used to track progress on numerous international indicators of health and development. To date, internationally available estimates of population and fertility, although useful, have not been produced with transparent and replicable methods and do not use standardised estimates of mortality. We present single-calendar year and single-year of age estimates of fertility and population by sex with standardised and replicable methods.
ISI:000449710900008
ISSN: 0140-6736
CID: 3493162

Measuring progress from 1990 to 2017 and projecting attainment to 2030 of the health-related Sustainable Development Goals for 195 countries and territories: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017

Lozano, Rafael; Fullman, Nancy; Abate, Degu; Abay, Solomon M.; Abbafati, Cristiana; Abbasi, Nooshin; Abbastabar, Hedayat; Abd-Allah, Foad; Abdela, Jemal; Abdelalim, Ahmed; Abdel-Rahman, Omar; Abdi, Alireza; Abdollahpour, Ibrahim; Abdulkader, Rizwan Suliankatchi; Abebe, Nebiyu Dereje; Abebe, Zegeye; Abejie, Ayenew Negesse; Abera, Semaw P.; Abil, Olifan Zewdie; Aboyans, Victor; Abraha, Haftom Niguse; Abrham, Aklilu Rota; Abu-Raddad, Laith Jamal; Abu-Rmeileh, Niveen Me; Abyu, Gebre Y.; Accrombessi, Manfred Mario Kokou; Acharya, Dilaram; Acharya, Pawan; Adamu, Abdu A.; Adebayo, Oladinieji M.; Adedeji, Isaac Akinkumui; Adedoyin, Rufus Adesoji; Adekanmbi, Victor; Adetokunboh, Olatunji; Adhena, Beyene Meressa; Adhikari, Tara Rattan; Adib, Mine G.; Adou, Arsene Kouablan; Adsuar, Jose C.; Afarideh, Mohsen; Afshari, Mandi; Afshin, Ashkan; Agarwal, Gina; Aghayan, Sargis Aghasi; Agius, Dominic; Agrawal, Anurag; Agrawal, Sutapa; Ahmadi, Alireza; Ahmadi, Meltdi; Ahmadieh, Flamid; Ahmed, Muktar Beshir; Ahmed, Sayem; Akalu, Temesgen Yihunie; Akanda, Ali S.; Akbari, Mohammad Esmaeil; Akibu, Mohammed; Akinyemi, Rufus Olusola; Akinyemiju, Tomi; Akseer, Nadia; Alandab, Tares; Al-Aly, Ziyad; Alam, Khurshid; Alam, Tahiya; Abujeer, Ammar; Alebel, Animut; Alene, Kefyalew Addis; Al-Eyadhy, Ayman; Athabib, Samia; Ali, Raghib; Alijanzadeh, Mehran; Alizadeh-Nayaei, Reza; Aljunid, Syed Mohamed; Alkerwi, Ala'a; Alla, Francois; Allebeck, Peter; Allen, Christine A.; Almasi, Ali; Al-Maskari, Fatma; Al-Mekhlafi, Hesham M.; Alonso, Jordi; Al-Raddadi, Rajaa M.; Alsharif, Ubai; Altirkawi, Khalid; Alvis-Guzman, Nelson; Amare, Azmeraw T.; Amenu, Kebede; Amini, Erfan; Ammar, Walid; Anber, Nahla Hamed; Anderson, Jason A.; Andrei, Catalina Liliana; Androudi, Sofia; Animut, Megbaru Debalkie; Anjomshoa, Mina; Ansari, Hossein; Ansariadi, Ansariadi; Ansha, Mustafa Geleto; Antonio, Carl Abelardo T.; Anwari, Palwasha; Appiah, Lambert Tetteh; Aremu, Olatunde; Areri, Habtamu Abera; Arnlov, Johan; Arora, Monika; Aryal, Krishna K.; Asayesh, Hamid; Asfaw, Ephrem Tsegay; Asgedom, Solomon Weldegebreal; Asghar, Rana Jawad; Assadi, Reza; Ataro, Zerihun; Atique, Suleman; Atre, Sachin R.; Atteraya, Madhu Sudhan; Ausloos, Marcel; Avila-Burgos, Leticia; Avokpaho, Euripide F. 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F.; Enayati, Ahmadali; Endries, Aman Yesuf; Eshrati, Babak; Eskandanieh, Sharareh; Esteghamati, Alireza; Esteghamati, Sadaf; Estep, Kara; Fakhar, Mahadi; Fakhim, Hamed; Fanzo, Jessica; Faramarzi, Mahbobeh; Fareed, Mohammad; Farhadi, Farzaneh; Farid, Talha A.; Farinha, Carla Sofia e Sa; Tarioli, Andrea; Faro, Andre; Farvid, Maryam S.; Farzadfar, Farshad; Farzaei, Mohammad Hosein; Tarzam, Hossein; Fazaeli, Ali Akbar; Fazeli, Mir Sohail; Feigin, Valery L.; Feigl, Andrea B.; Fekadu, Wubalem; Feldman, Rachel; Fentahun, Netsanet; Fereshtehnejad, Seyed-Mohammad; Fernandes, Eduarda; Fernandes, Joao C.; Feyissa, Garumma Tolu; Fijabi, Daniel Obadare; Filip, Irina; Finegold, Samuel; Finger, Jonas David; Tischer, Florian; Fitzmaurice, Christina; Flor, Luisa Sorio; Foigt, Nataliya A.; Foreman, Kyle J.; Frank, Tahvi D.; Franklin, Richard Charles; Fukumoto, Takeshi; Fukutaki, Kai; Fuller, John E.; Furst, Thomas; Furtado, Joao M.; Gakidou, Ernmanuela; Gallus, Silvan; Gankpe, Fortune Gbetoho; Gansevoort, Ron T.; Garcia, Ana Cristina; Garcia-Basteiro, Alberto L.; Garcia-Gordillo, Miguel A.; Gardner, William M.; Gebre, Abadi Kahsu; Gebre, Teshome; Gebregergs, Gebremedhin Berhe; Gebrehiwot, Tsegaye Tewelde; Gebremedhin, Amanuel Tesfay; Gebremichael, Bereket; Gebremichael, Teklu Gebrehiwo; Gelano, Tilayie Feto; Geleijnse, Johanna M.; Geramo, Yilma Chisha Dea; Getachew, Sefonias; Gething, Peter W.; Gezae, Kebede Embaye; Ghadami, Mohammad Rasoul; Ghadimi, Reza; Ghadiri, Keyghobad; Ghasemi-Kasman, Maryarn; Ghiasvand, Hesam; Ghimire, Mamata; Choshal, Aloke Gopal; Giampaoli, Simona; Gill, Parannjit Singh; Gill, Tiffany K.; Giussani, Giorgia; Gnedovskaya, Elena V.; Goldberg, Ellen M.; Goli, Srinivas; Gona, Philimon N.; Goodridge, Amador; Gopalani, Sameer Vali; Gorman, Taren M.; Goto, Atsushi; Coulart, Alessandra C.; Coulart, Barbara Niegia Garcia; Grada, Ayman; Griswold, Max G.; Grosso, Giuseppe; Gugnani, Harish Chander C.; Guillemin, Francis; Guimaraes, Andre Luiz Sena; Guo, Yuming; Gupta, Prakash C.; Gupta, Rahul; Gupta, Rajeev; Gupta, Tanush; Ha, Giang Hai; Haagsma, Juanita A.; Hachinski, Vladimir; Hafezi-Nejad, Nima; Bidgoli, Hassan Haghparast; Hagos, Tekleberhan B.; Haile, Michael Tamene; Hailegiyorgis, Tewodros Tesfa; Hailu, Gessessew Bugssa; Haj-Mirzaian, Arvin; Haj-Mirzaian, Arya; Hamadeh, Randah R.; Hamidi, Samer; Hankey, Graerne J.; Harb, Hilda L.; Harikrishnan, Sivadasanpillai; Haririan, Hamidreza; Haro, Josep Maria; Hasan, Mehedi; Hassankhani, Hadi; Hassell, Hamid Yimam; Havmoeller, Rasmus; Hawley, Caitlin N.; Hay, Simon I.; He, Yihua; Hedayatizadeh-Omran, Akbar; Hegazy, Mohamed I.; Heibati, Behzad; Heidari, Behnam; Heidari, Mohsen; Hendrie, Delia; Henok, Andualem; Heredia-Pi, Ileana; Herteliu, Claudiu; Heydarpour, Behzad; Heydarpour, Fatemeh; Heydarpour, Sousan; Hibstu, Desalegn T.; Hijar, Martha; Hoek, Hans W.; Hoffman, Daniel J.; Hole, Michael K.; Rad, Enayatollah Homaie; Hoogar, Praveen; Horita, Nobuyuki; Hosgood, H. Dean; Hosseini, Seyed Mostafa; Hosseinzadeff, Mehdi; Hostiuc, Alihaela; Hostiuc, Sorin; Hotez, Peter J.; Hoy, Damian G.; Hsairi, Mohamed; Hsiao, Thomas; Hu, Guoqing; Huang, John J.; Hughes, Caitlyn; Huynh, Chantal K.; Igumbor, Ehimario U.; Ikeda, Chad Thomas; Ilesanmi, Olayinka Stephen; Iqbal, Usman; Irvani, Seyed Sina Naghibi; Irvine, Caleb Mackay Salpeter; Islam, Sheikh Mohammed Shariful; Islami, Farhad; Ivers, Rebecca Q.; Izadi, Neda; Jacobsen, Kathryn H.; Jahangiry, Leila; Jahanmehr, Nader; Jain, Sudhir Kumar; Jakovljevic, Mihajlo; Jalu, Moti Tolera; Jamal, Amr A.; James, Spencer I.; Jassal, Simerjot K.; Javanbakht, Mehdi; Jayatilleke, Achala Upendra; Jeemon, Panniyammakal; Jha, Ravi Prakash; Jha, Vivekanand; Ji, John S.; Johnson, Catherine O.; Johnson, Sarah C.; Jonas, Just B.; Jonnagaddala, Jitendra; Shushtari, Zahra Jodoran; Joshi, Ankur; Jozwiak, Jacek Jerzy; Jungari, Suresh Banayya; Jurisson, Mikk; Madhanraj, K.; Kabir, Zubair; Kadel, Rajendra; Kahsay, Amaha; Kahssay, Molla; Kalani, Rizwan; Kapil, Umesh; Karami, Manoochehr; Marin, Behzad Karami; Karanikolos, Marina; Karimi, Narges; Karimi, Seyed M.; Karimi-Sari, Hamidreza; Kasaeian, Amir; Kassa, Dessalegn H.; Kassa, Getachew Mullu; Kassa, Tesfaye Dessale; Kassa, Zemenu Yohannes; Kassebaum, Nicholas J.; Katikireddi, Srinivasa Vittal; Kaul, Anil; Kawakami, Norito; Kazemi, Zhila; Karyani, Ali Kazemi; Kazi, Dhruv Satish; Prakash, K. C.; Kebede, Seifu; Keiyoro, Peter Njenga; Kemmer, Laura; Kemp, Grant Rodgers; Kengne, Andre Pascal; Keren, Andre; Kesavachandran, Chandrasekharan Nair; Khader, Yousef Saleh; Khafaei, Behzad; Khafaie, Morteza Abdullatif; Khajavi, Alireza; Khalid, Nauman; Khalil, Ibrahim A.; Khan, Ejaz Ahmad; Khan, Muhammad Shahzeb; Khan, Muhammad Ali; Khang, Young-Ho; Khanna, Tripti; Khater, Mona M.; Khatony, Alireza; Khazaeipour, Zahra; Khazaie, Habibolah; Khoja, Abdullah T.; Khosravi, Ardeshir; Khosravi, Mohammad Hossein; Khubchandani, Jagdish; Kiadaliri, Aliasghar A.; Kiarie, Helen W.; Kibret, Getiye D.; Kiirithio, Daniel N.; Kim, Daniel; Kim, Jun Y.; Kim, Young-Eun; Kim, Yun Jin; Kimokoti, Ruth W.; Kinfu, Yohannes; Kinra, Sanjay; Kisa, Adrian; Kissimova-Skarbek, Katarzyna; Kissoon, Niranjan; Kivimaki, Mika; Kocamik, Jonathan M.; Kochhar, Sonali; Kokubo, Yoshihiro; Kolola, Tufa; Kopec, Jacek A.; Kosek, Margaret N.; Kosen, Soewarta; Koul, Parvaiz A.; Koyanagi, Ai; Kravchenko, Michael A.; Krishan, Kewal; Krohn, Kristopher J.; Defo, Barthelemy Kuate; Bicer, Burcu Kucuk; Kudom, Andreas A.; Kulikoff, Xie Rachel; Kumar, G. Anil; Kumar, Manasi; Kumar, Pushpendra; Kutz, Michael J.; Kyu, Hmwe Hmwe; Lachat, Carl; Lad, Deepesh P.; Lad, Sheetal D.; Lafranconi, Alessandra; Lagat, Abraham K.; Lal, Dharmesh Kumar; Lalloo, Ratilal; Lam, Hilton; Lami, Faris Hasan; Lamichhane, Prabhat; Lan, Qing; Lang, Justin J.; Lansingh, Van C.; Lansky, Sonia; Larson, Heidi J.; Larsson, Anders; Laryea, Dennis Odai; Lassi, Zohra S.; Latifi, Arman; Lau, Kathryn Mei-Ming; Laxmaiah, Avula; Lazarus, Jeffrey V.; Leasher, Janet L.; Lebedev, Georgy; Ledesma, Jorge R.; Lee, James B.; Lee, Paul H.; Leever, Andrew T.; Leigh, James; Leinsalu, Mall; Leshargie, Chem Tesema; Leung, Janni; Lewycka, Sonia; Li, Shanshan; Li, Xiaohong; Li, Yichong; Liang, Juan; Hang, Xiaofeng; Liben, Misgan Legesse; Lim, Lee-Ling; Limenih, Miteku Andualem; Linn, Shai; Liu, Shiwei; Liu, Yang; Lodha, Rakesh; Logroscino, Giancarlo; Lopez, Alan D.; Lorkowski, Stefan; Lotufo, Paulo A.; Lucchesi, Lydia R.; Lyons, Ronan A.; Macarayan, Ellyn Rachelle King; Mackay, Mark T.; Maddison, Emilie R.; Madotto, Fabiana; Maghavani, Dhaval P.; Magis-Rodriguez, Carlos; Mahotra, Narayan Bahadur; Majdan, Marek; Majdzadeh, Reza; Majeed, Azeern; Malekzadeh, Reza; Malta, Deborah Carvallo; Mamun, Abdullah A.; Manda, Ana-Laura; Rano-Filho, Luiz Garcia Manda; Mangalam, Srikanth; Manguerra, Helena; Mansournia, Mohammad Ali; Mapoma, Chabila Christopher; Maravilla, Joemer C.; Marcenes, Wagner; Marks, Ashley; Martin, Randall V.; Martins, Sheila C. O.; Martins-Melo, Francisco Rogerlandio; Madopullo, Ira; Mashamba-Thompson, Tivani Phosa; Massenburg, Benjamin Ballard; Mathin, Mann Raj; Maulik, Pallab K.; Mazidi, Mohsen; McAlinden, Colm; McGrath, John J.; McKee, Martin; McMahon, Brian J.; Mehata, Suresh; Mehndiratta, Man Mohan; Mehrotra, Ravi; Mehta, Kala M.; Mehta, Varshil; Mejia-Rodriguez, Fabiola; Mekonen, Tesfa; Mekonnen, Tefera C. Chaise; Meles, Hagazi Gebre; Melese, Addisu; Melku, Mulugeta; Memiah, Peter T. N.; Memish, Ziad A.; Mendoza, Walter; Mengistu, Desalegn Tadese; Mengistu, Getnet; Mensah, George A.; Mensink, Gert B. M.; Mereta, Seid Tiku; Meretoja, Atte; Meretoja, Tuomo J.; Mestrovic, Tomislav; Mezgebe, Haftay Berhane; Miazgowski, Bartosz; Miazgowski, Tomasz; Millear, Anoushka I.; Miller, Ted R.; Miller-Petrie, Molly Katherine; Milne, George J.; Mini, G. K.; Minnig, Shawn P.; Mirabi, Parvaneh; Mirarefin, Mojde; Mintakhimoty, Erkin M.; Misganaw, Awoke Temesgen; Mitchell, Philip B.; Moazen, Babak; Moghadamnia, Ali Akbar; Mohajer, Bahram; Mohammad, Karzan Abdulmuhsin; Mohammadi, Moslem; Mohammadifard, Noushin; Mohammadnia-Afrouzi, Mousa; Mohammed, Mohammed A.; Mohammed, Shafm; Mohan, Murali B. V.; Mohan, Viswanathan; Mohebi, Farnam; Moltra, Modhurima; Mokdad, Ali H.; Molokhia, Mariam; Monasta, Lorenzo; Montanez, Julio Cesar; Moosazadeh, Mahmood; Moradi, Ghobad; Moradi, Mahmoudreza; Moradi-Lakeh, Maziar; Moradinazar, Mehdi; Moraga, Paula; Morawska, Lidia; Morgado-da-Costa, Joana; Morisaki, Naho; Morrison, Shane Douglas; Mosapour, Abbas; Moschos, Marilita M.; Mountjoy-Venning, W. Cliff; Mouodi, Simin; Mousavi, Seyyed Meysam; Muche, Achenef Asmamaw; Muchie, Kindle Fentahun; Mueller, Ulrich Otto; Muhammed, Ottmer Sada S.; Mukhopadhyay, Satnada; Mullany, Erin C.; Muller, Kate; Mumford, John Everett; Murhekar, Manoj; Murthy, G. V. S.; Murthy, Srinivas; Musa, Jonah; Musa, Kamarul Imran; Mustafa, Ghulam; Muthupandian, Saravanan; Nabhan, Ashraf F.; Nachega, Jean B.; Nagarajan, Ahamarshan Jayaraman; Nagel, Gabriele; Naghavi, Mohsen; Naheed, Aliya; Nahvijou, Azin; Naidoo, Kovin; Naik, Gurudatta; Naik, Nitish; Najafi, Farid; Naldi, Luigi; Nam, Hae Sung; Nangia, Vinay; Nansseu, Jobert Richie; Nascimento, Bruno Ramos; Nawaz, Haseeb; Neamati, Nahid; Negoi, Ionut; Negoi, Ruxandra Irina; Neupane, Subas; Newton, Charles Richard James; Ngalesoni, Frida N.; Ngunjiri, Josephine W.; Anh Nguyen; Nguyen, Grant; Ha Nguyen; Huong Lan Thi Nguyen; Huong Thanh Nguyen; Minh Nguyen; Nichols, Emma; Nigatu, Solomon Gedlu; Ningrum, Dina Nur Anggraini; Nirayo, Yirga Legesse; Nisar, Muhammad Imran; Nixon, Molly R.; Nolutshungu, Nomonde; Nomura, Marika; Norheim, Ole F.; Noroozi, Mehdi; Norrving, Bo; Noubiap, Jean Jacques; Nouri, Hamid Reza; Shiadeh, Malihe Nourollahpour; Nowroozi, Mohammad Reza; Nyasulu, Peter S.; Obermeyer, Carla Makhlouf; Ofori-Asenso, Richard; Ogah, Okechukwu Samuel; Ogbo, Felix Akpojene; Oh, In-Hwan; Okoro, Anselm; Oladimeji, Kelechi E.; Oladimeji, Olanrewaju; Olagunju, Andrew T.; Olagunju, Tinuke; Olivares, Pedro R.; Olsen, Helen Elizabeth; Olusanya, Bolajoko Olubukunola; Olusanya, Jacob Olusegun; Ong, Kanyin L.; Ong, Sok King; Oommen, Ann Mary; Opio, John Nelson; Oren, Eyal; Oros, Andrei; Ortega-Altamirano, Doris D. V.; Ortiz, Alberto; Ortiz, Justin R.; Ortiz-Panozo, Eduardo; Ota, Erika; Otstavnov, Stanislav S.; Owolabi, Mayowa Ojo; Mahesh, P. A.; Pakhale, Smita; Pakhare, Abhijit P.; Pan, Wen-Hain; Pana, Adrian; Panda, Basant Kumar; Panda-Jonas, Songhomitra; Pandian, Jeyaraj Dural; Papantoniou, Nikolaos; Park, Eun-Kee; Parry, Charles D. H.; Parsian, Hadi; Patel, Shanti; Pati, Sanghamitra; Patle, Ajay; Patton, George C.; Paturi, Vishnupriya Rio; Paudel, Deepak; Paulson, Katherine R.; Pearce, Neil; Peprah, Emmanuel K.; Pereira, David M.; Perico, Norberto; Pervaiz, Aslam; Pesudovs, Konrad; Petri, William A.; Petzold, Max; Phillips, Michael R.; Pigott, David M.; Pillay, Julian David; Pirsaheb, Meghdad; Pletcher, Martin; Pond, Constance Dimity; Postma, Maarten J.; Pourshams, Akram; Poustchi, Hossein; Prabhakaran, Dorairaj; Prakash, Swayam; Prasad, Narayan; Purcell, Caroline A.; Pyakurel, Manisa; Qorbani, Mostafa; Quansah, Reginald; Radfar, Amir; Rafay, Anwar; Rafiei, Alireza; Rahim, Fakher; Rahimi, Kazem; Rahimi-Movaghar, Marin; Rahimi-Movaghar, Vafa; Rahman, Mahfuzar; Rahman, Kid Shafiur; Rahman, Mohammad Hifz Ur; Rahman, Muhammad Aziz; Rahman, Sajjad Ur; Rai, Rajesh Kumar; Rajati, Fatemeh; Rajsic, Sasa; Ram, Usha; Rana, Salcern M.; Ranabhat, Chhabi Lal; Ranjan, Prabhat; Rasella, Davide; Rawaf, David Laith; Rawaf, Salman; Razo-Garcia, Christian; Reddy, K. Srinath; Reiner, Robert C.; Reis, Cesar; Reitsma, Marissa B.; Remuzzi, Giuseppe; Renzaho, Andre M. N.; Resnikoff, Serge; Reynales-Shigematsu, Luz Myriam; Rezaei, Satan; Rezaeian, Shahab; Rezai, Mohammad Sadegh; Riahi, Seyed Mohammad; Ribeiro, Antonio Luiz P.; Rios-Blancas, Maria Jesus; Roba, Ked Teji; Roberts, Nicholas L. S.; Roever, Leonardo; Ronfani, Luca; Roshandel, Gholamreza; Rostami, Ali; Roth, Gregory A.; Roy, Ambuj; Rubagotti, Enrico; Ruhago, George Mugambage; Sabde, Yogesh Damodar; Sachdev, Perminder S.; Saddik, Basema; Sadeghi, Ehsan; Safari, Hosein; Safari, Yahya; Safari-Faramani, Roya; Safdarian, Mandi; Safi, Sane; Safiri, Saeid; Sagar, Rajesh; Sahebkar, Amirhossein; Sahraian, Mohammad Ali; Sajadi, Haniye Sadat; Salam, Nasir; Salama, Joseph S.; Salamati, Payman; Saldanha, Raphael de Freitas; Saleem, Zikria; Salimi, Yahya; Salimzadeh, Hamideh; Salomon, Joshua A.; Salvi, Sundeep Santosh; Satz, Inbal; Sambala, Evanson Zondani; Samy, Abdallah M.; Sanabria, Juan; Nino, Maria Dolores Sanchez; Santos, Itamar S.; Milicevic, Milena M. Santric; Jose, Bruno Piassi Sao; Sardana, Mayank; Sarker, Abdur Razzaque; Sarrafzadegan, Nizal; Sartorius, Benn; Sarvi, Shahabeddin; Sathian, Brijesh; Satpathy, Maheswar; Savic, Miloje; Sawant, Arundhati R.; Sawhney, Monika; Saxena, Sonia; Saylan, Mete; Sayyah, Mehdi; Schaeffner, Elke; Schmidt, Maria Ines; Schneider, Ione J. C.; Schotffer, Ben; Schutte, Aletta Elisabeth; Schwebel, David C.; Schwendicke, Falk; Seedat, Soraya; Sekerija, Mario; Sepanlou, Sadaf G.; Servan-Mori, Edson; Seyedmousavi, Seyedrnojtaba; Shabaninejad, Hosein; Shackelford, Katya Anne; Shafieesabet, Azadeh; Shaheen, Amira A.; Shaikh, Masood Ali; Shams-Beyranvand, Mehran; Shamsi, Mohammad Bagher; Shamsizadeff, Morteza; Sharafi, Heidar; Sharaff, Kiomars; Sharif, Mehdi; Sharif-Alhoseini, Mandi; Sharma, Jayendra; Sharma, Rajesh; Sharma, Sharad Kumar; She, Jun; Sheikh, Aziz; Shey, Muki Shehu; Shi, Peilin; Shibuya, Kenji; Shields, Chloe; Shifa, Ghana Temm; Shiferaw, Mekonnen Sisay; Shigematsu, Mika; Shin, Rahman; Shirkoohi, Reza; Shirude, Shreya; Shishani, Kawkab; Shiue, Ivy; Shokraneh, Farhad; Shoman, Haitham; Shrime, Mark G.; Shukla, Sharvari Rahul; Si, Si; Siabani, Soraya; Sibai, Abla Mehio; Siddiqi, Tariq J.; Sigfusdottir, Toga Dora; Silpakit, Naris; Silva, Diego Augusto Santos; Silva, Joao Pedro; da Silva, Natacha Torres; Silveira, Dayane Gabriele Alves; Singh, Jasvinder A.; Singh, Narinder Pal; Singh, Om Prakash; Singh, Prashant Kumar; Singh, Virendra; Sinha, Dhirendra Narain; Skiadaresi, Eirini; Sliwa, Karen; Smith, Amanda E.; Smith, Mari; Soares Filho, Adauto Martins; Sobaih, Badr Hasan; Sobhani, Soheila; Soljak, Michael; Sooff, Moslem; Soosaraei, Masoud; Sorensen, Reed J. D.; Soriano, Joan B.; Soshnikov, Sergey; Soyiri, Ireneous N.; Spinelli, Angela; Sposato, Luciano A.; Sreeramareddy, Chandrashekhar T.; Srinivasan, Raghavendra Guru; Srinivasan, Vinay; Stanaway, Jeffrey D.; Starodubov, Vladimir I.; Stathopoulou, Vasiliki; Steckling, Nadine; Stein, Dan J.; Stewart, Leo G.; Stockfelt, Leo; Stokes, Mark A.; Straif, Kurt; Sudaryanto, Agus; Sufiyan, Mu'awiyyah Babale; Sunguya, Bruno F.; Sur, Patrick John; Sutradhar, Ipsita; Sykes, Bryan L.; Sylaja, P. N.; Sylte, Dillon; Szoeke, Cassandra E. I.; Tabares-Seisdedos, Rafael; Tabuchi, Takahiro; Tadakamatha, Santosh Kumar; Tamirat, Koku Sisay; Tandon, Nikhil; Tanser, Frank C.; Tassew, Aberash Abay; Tassew, Segen Gebremeskel; Tavakkoli, Mohammad; Taveira, Nuno; Tawye, Nega Timer; Tehrani-Banihashemi, Arash; Tekalign, Tigist Gashaw; Tekle, Merhawi Gebremedhin; Temesgen, Habtamu; Temsah, Mohamad-Hani; Temsah, Omar; Terkawi, Abdullah Sulieman; Teshale, Manaye Yihune; Teshome, Destaw Fetene; Tessema, Belay; Teweldemedhin, Mebrahtu; Thakur, Jamail Singh; Thankappan, Kavumpurathu Raman; Theis, Andrew; Thintnavukkarasu, Sathish; Thomas, Laura Anne; Thomas, Nihal; Thomson, Alan J.; Thrift, Amanda C.; Tilahun, Binyam; To, Quyen G.; Tobe-Gai, Ruoyan; Tonelli, Marcello; Topor-Madry, Roman; Torre, Anna E.; Tortajada-Girbes, Miguel; Tovani-Palone, Marcos Roberto; Towbin, Jeffrey A.; Bach Xuan Tran; Khanh Bao Tran; Tung Thanh Tran; Tripathy, Srikanth Prasad; Troeger, Christopher E.; Truelsen, Thomas Clement; Tsadik, Afewerki Gebremeskel; Car, Lorainne Tudor; Tuzcu, E. Murat; Tymeson, Hayley D.; Ukwaja, Kingsley N.; Ullah, Irfan; Updike, Rachel I.; Usman, Muhammad Shariq; Uthman, Olalekan A.; Vaduganathan, Muthiah; Vaezi, Afsane; Vaidya, Gaurang; Valdez, Pascual R.; van Donkelaar, Aaron; Varavikova, Elena; Vasankari, Tommi Juhani; Venketasubramanian, Narayanaswamy; Vidavalur, Ramesh; Villafaina, Santos; Violante, Francesco S.; Vladimirov, Sergey Konstantinovitch; Vlassov, Vasily; Vollmer, Sebastian; Vollset, Stein Emil; Vbs, Theo; Vosoughi, Kia; Vujcic, Isidora S.; Wagner, Gregory R.; Wagnew, Fasil Shiferaw; Waheed, Yasir; Watson, Judd I.; Wang, Yanping; Wang, Yuan-Pang; Wassie, Molla Mesele; Weiderpass, Elisabete; Weintraub, Robert G.; Weiss, Jordan; Weldegebreal, Fitsum; Weldegwergs, Kidu Gidey; Werdecker, Andrea; Ayaliew, Adhena; West, Werkneff T. Loin; Westerman, Ronny; Whisnant, Joanna L.; Whiteford, Harvey A.; Widecka, Justyna; Widecka, Katarzyna; Wijeratne, Tissa; Wither, Lauren B.; Winkler, Andrea Sylvia; Wiyeh, Alison B.; Wiysonge, Charles Shey; Wolde, Haileab Fekadu; Wolfe, Charles D. A.; Wu, Shouling; Xavier, Denis; Xu, Gelin; Xu, Rising; Yadollahpour, Ali; Jabbari, Seyed Hossein Yahyazadeh; Yakob, Bereket; Yamada, Tomohide; Tan, Lijing L.; Yano, Yuichiro; Yaseri, Mehdi; Yasin, Yasin Jemal; Ye, Pengpeng; Tearwood, Jamal A.; Yeshaneh, Alex; Yimer, Ebrahirn M.; Yip, Paul; Yirsaw, Biruck Desalegn; Yisma, Engida; Yonemoto, Naohiro; Tonga, Gerald; Toon, Seok-Jun; Yotebieng, Marcel; Younis, Mustafa Z.; Yousefifard, Mahmoud; Yu, Chuanhua; Bin Zaman, Sojib; Zamani, Mohammad; Zara, Zohreh; Zavala-Arciniega, Luis; Zegeye, Desalegn Tegabu; Zegeye, Elias Asfaw; Zeleke, Ayalew Jejaw; Zendehdel, Kazem; Zerfit, Taddese Alemu; Zhang, Anthony Lin; Zhang, Xiteying; Zhou, Maigeng; Zhu, Jun; Zimsen, Stephanie R. M.; Zodpey, Sanjay; Zoeckler, Leo; Zucker, Inbar; Zuhlke, Liesel Joanna J.; Lim, Stephen S.; Murray, Christopher J. L.
Background Efforts to establish the 2015 baseline and monitor early implementation of the UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) highlight both great potential for and threats to improving health by 2030. To fully deliver on the SDG aim of "leaving no one behind", it is increasingly important to examine the health-related SDGs beyond national-level estimates. As part of the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2017 (GBD 2017), we measured progress on 41 of 52 health -related SDG indicators and estimated the health-related SDG index for 195 countries and territories for the period 1990-2017, projected indicators to 2030, and analysed global attainment.
ISI:000449710900010
ISSN: 0140-6736
CID: 3493152

Global, regional, and national incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability for 354 diseases and injuries for 195 countries and territories, 1990-2017: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017

James, Spencer L. G.; Abate, Degu; Abate, Kalkidan Hessen; Abay, Solomon M.; Abbafati, Cristiana; Abbasi, Nooshin; Abbastabar, Hedayat; Abd-Allah, Foad; Abdela, Jemal; Abdelalim, Ahmed; Abdollahpour, Ibrahim; Abdulkader, Rizwan Suliankatchi; Abebe, Zegeye; Abera, Semaw F.; Abil, Olifan Zewdie; Abraha, Haftom Niguse; Abu-Raddad, Laith Jamal; Abu-Rmeileh, Niveen M. E.; Accrombessi, Manfred Mario Kokou; Acharya, Dilaram; Acharya, Pawan; Ackerman, Ilana N.; Adamu, Abdu A.; Adebayo, Oladimeji M.; Adekanmbi, Victor; Adetokunboh, Olatunji O.; Adib, Mina G.; Adsuar, Jose C.; Afanvi, Kossivi Agbelenko; Afarideh, Mohsen; Afshin, Ashkan; Agarwal, Gina; Agesa, Kareha M.; Aggarwal, Rakesh; Aghayan, Sargis Aghasi; Agrawal, Sutapa; Ahmadi, Alireza; Ahmadi, Mehdi; Ahmadieh, Hamid; Ahmed, Muktar Beshir; Aichour, Amani Nidhal; Aichour, Ibtihel; Aichour, Miloud Taki Eddine; Akinyemiju, Tomi; Akseer, Nadia; Al-Aly, Ziyad; Al-Eyadhy, Ayman; Al-Mekhlafi, Hesham M.; Al-Raddadi, Rajaa M.; Alahdab, Fares; Alam, Khurshid; Alam, Tahiya; Alashi, Alaa; Alavian, Seyed Moayed; Alene, Kefyalew Addis; Alijanzadeh, Mehran; Alizadeh-Navaei, Reza; Aljunid, Syed Mohamed; Alkerwi, Ala'a; Alla, Francois; Allebeck, Peter; Alouani, Mohamed M. L.; Altirkawi, Khalid; Alvis-Guzman, Nelson; Amare, Azmeraw T.; Aminde, Leopold N.; Ammar, Walid; Amoako, Yaw Ampem; Anber, Nahla Hamed; Andrei, Catalina Liliana; Androudi, Sofia; Animut, Megbaru Debalkie; Anjomshoa, Mina; Ansha, Mustafa Geleto; Antonio, Carl Abelardo T.; Anwari, Palwasha; Arabloo, Jalal; Arauz, Antonio; Aremu, Olatunde; Ariani, Filippo; Armoon, Bahram; Arnlov, Johan; Arora, Amit; Artaman, Al; Aryal, Krishna K.; Asayesh, Hamid; Asghar, Rana Jawad; Ataro, Zerihun; Atre, Sachin R.; Ausloos, Marcel; Avila-Burgos, Leticia; Avokpaho, Euripide F. G. A.; Awasthi, Ashish; Quintanilla, Beanie Paulina Ayala; Ayer, Rakesh; Azzopardi, Peter S.; Babazadeh, Arefeh; Badali, Hamid; Badawi, Alaa; Bali, Ayele Geleto; Ballesteros, Katherine E.; Ballew, Shoshana H.; Banach, Maciej; Banoub, Joseph Adel Matter; Banstola, Amrit; Barac, Aleksandra; Barboza, Miguel A.; Barker-Collo, Suzanne Lyn; Barnighausen, Till Winfried; Barrero, Lope H.; Baune, Bernhard T.; Bazargan-Hejazi, Shahrzad; Bedi, Neeraj; Beghi, Ettore; Behzadifar, Masoud; Behzadifar, Meysam; Bejot, Yannick; Belachew, Abate Bekele; Belay, Yihalem Abebe; Bel, Michelle L.; Bello, Aminu K.; Bensenor, Isabela M.; Bernabe, Eduardo; Bernstein, Robert S.; Beuran, Mircea; Beyranvand, Tina; Bhala, Neeraj; Bhattarai, Suraj; Bhaumik, Soumyadeep; Bhutta, Zulfiqar A.; Biadgo, Belete; Bijani, Ali; Bikbov, Boris; Bilano, Ver; Bililign, Nigus; Bin Sayeed, Muhammad Shandaat; Bisanzio, Donal; Blacker, Brigette F.; Blyth, Fiona M.; Bou-Orm, Ibrahim R.; Boufous, Soufiane; Bourne, Rupert; Brady, Oliver J.; Brainin, Michael; Brant, Luisa C.; Brazinova, Alexandra; Breitborde, Nicholas J. K.; Brenner, Hermann; Briant, Paul Svitil; Briggs, Andrew M.; Briko, Audrey Nikolaevich; Britton, Gabrielle; Brugha, Traolach; Buchbinder, Rachelle; Busse, Reinhard; Butt, Zahid A.; Cahuana-Hurtado, Lucero; Cano, Jorge; Cardenas, Rosario; Carrero, Juan J.; Carter, Austin; Carvalho, Felix; Castaneda-Orjuela, Carlos A.; Rivas, Jacqueline Castillo; Castro, Franz; Catala-Lopez, Ferran; Cercy, Kelly M.; Cerin, Ester; Chaiah, Yazan; Chang, Alex R.; Chang, Hsing-Yi; Chang, Jung-Chen; Charlson, Fiona J.; Chattopadhyay, Aparajita; Chattu, Vijay Kumar; Chaturvedi, Pankaj; Chiang, Peggy Pei-Chia; Chin, Ken Lee; Chitheer, Abdulaal; Choi, Jee-Young J.; Chowdhury, Rajiv; Christensen, Hanne; Christopher, Devasahayam J.; Cicuttini, Flavia M.; Ciobanu, Liliana G.; Cirillo, Massimo; Claro, Rafael M.; Collado-Mateo, Daniel; Cooper, Cyrus; Coresh, Josef; Cortesi, Paolo Angelo; Cortinovis, Monica; Costa, Megan; Cousin, Ewerton; Criqui, Michael H.; Cromwell, Elizabeth A.; Cross, Marita; Crump, John A.; Dadi, Abel Fekadu; Dandona, Lalit; Dandona, Rakhi; Dargan, Paul I.; Daryani, Ahmad; Das Gupta, Rajat; Das Neves, Jose; Dasa, Tamirat Tesfaye; Davey, Gail; Davis, Adrian C.; Davitoiu, Dragos Virgil; De Courten, Barbora; De La Hoz, Fernando Pio; De Leo, Diego; De Neve, Jan-Walter; Degefa, Meaza Girma; Degenhardt, Louisa; Deiparine, Selina; Dellavalle, Robert P.; Demoz, Gebre Teklemariam; Deribe, Kebede; Dervenis, Nikolaos; Jarlais, Don C. Des; Dessie, Getenet Ayalew; Dey, Subhojit; Dharmaratne, Samath Dhamminda; Dinberu, Mesfin Tadese; Dirac, M. Ashworth; Djalalinia, Shirin; Doan, Linh; Dokova, Klara; Doku, David Teye; Dorsey, E. Ray; Doyle, Kerrie E.; Driscoll, Tim Robert; Dubey, Manisha; Dubljanin, Eleonora; Duken, Eyasu Ejeta; Duncan, Bruce B.; Duraes, Andre R.; Ebrahimi, Hedyeh; Ebrahimpour, Soheil; Echko, Michelle Marie; Edvardsson, David; Effiong, Andem; Ehrlich, Joshua R.; El Bcheraoui, Charbel; Zaki, Maysaa El Sayed; El-Khatib, Ziad; Elkout, Hajer; Elvazar, Iqbal R. F.; Enayati, Ahmadali; Endries, Aman Yesuf; Er, Benjamin; Erskine, Holly E.; Eshrati, Babak; Eskandarieh, Sharareh; Esteghamati, Alireza; Esteghamati, Sadaf; Fakhim, Hamed; Omrani, Vahid Fallah; Faramarzi, Mahbobeh; Fareed, Mohammad; Farhadi, Farzaneh; Farid, Talha A.; Farinha, Carla Sofia E. Sa; Farioli, Andrea; Faro, Andre; Farvid, Maryam S.; Farzadfar, Farshad; Feigin, Valery L.; Fentahun, Netsanet; Fereshtehnejad, Seyed-Mohammad; Fernandes, Eduarda; Fernandes, Joao C.; Ferrari, Alice J.; Feyissa, Garumma Tolu; Filip, Irina; Fischer, Florian; Fitzmaurice, Christina; Foigt, Nataliya A.; Foreman, Kyle J.; Fox, Jack; Frank, Tahvi D.; Fukumoto, Takeshi; Fullman, Nancy; Furst, Thomas; Furtado, Joao M.; Futran, Neal D.; Gall, Seana; Ganji, Morsaleh; Gankpe, Fortune Gbetoho; Garcia-Basteiro, Alberto L.; Gardner, William M.; Gebre, Abadi Kahsu; Gebremedhin, Amanuel Tesfay; Gebremichael, Teklu Gebrehiwo; Gelano, Tilayie Feto; Geleijnse, Johanna M.; Genova-Maleras, Ricard; Geramo, Yilma Chisha Dea; Gething, Peter W.; Gezae, Kebede Embaye; Ghadiri, Keyghobad; Falavarjani, Khalil Ghasemi; Ghasemi-Kasman, Maryam; Ghimire, Mamata; Ghosh, Rakesh; Ghoshal, Aloke Gopal; Giampaoli, Simona; Gill, Paramjit Singh; Gill, Tiffany K.; Ginawi, Ibrahim Abdelmageed; Giussani, Giorgia; Gnedovskaya, Elena V.; Goldberg, Ellen M.; Goli, Srinivas; Gomez-Dantes, Hector; Gona, Philimon N.; Gopalani, Sameer Vali; Gorman, Taren M.; Goulart, Alessandra C.; Goulart, Barbara Niegia Garcia; Grada, Ayman; Grams, Morgan E.; Grosso, Giuseppe; Gugnani, Harish Chander; Guo, Yuming; Gupta, Prakash C.; Gupta, Rahul; Gupta, Rajeev; Gupta, Tanush; Gyawali, Bishal; Haagsma, Juanita A.; Hachinski, Vladimir; Hafezi-Nejad, Nima; Bidgoli, Hassan Haghparast; Hagos, Tekleberhan B.; Hailu, Gessessew Bugssa; Haj-Mirzaian, Arvin; Haj-Mirzaian, Arya; Hamadeh, Randah R.; Hamidi, Samer; Handal, Alexis J.; Hankey, Graeme J.; Hao, Yuantao; Harb, Hilda L.; Harikrishnan, Sivadasanpillai; Haro, Josep Maria; Hasan, Mehedi; Hassankhani, Hadi; Hassen, Hamid Yimam; Havmoeller, Rasmus; Hawley, Caitlin N.; Hay, Roderick J.; Hay, Simon I.; Hedayatizadeh-Omran, Akbar; Heibati, Behzad; Hendrie, Delia; Henok, Andualem; Herteliu, Claudiu; Heydarpour, Sousan; Hibstu, Desalegn Tsegaw; Huong Thanh Hoang; Hoek, Hans W.; Hoffman, Howard J.; Hole, Michael K.; Rad, Enayatollah Homaie; Hoogar, Praveen; Hosgood, H. Dean; Hosseini, Seyed Mostafa; Hosseinzadeh, Mehdi; Hostiuc, Mihaeia; Hostiuc, Sorin; Hotez, Peter J.; Hoy, Damian G.; Hsairi, Mohamed; Htet, Aung Soe; Hu, Guoqing; Huang, John J.; Humh, Chantal K.; Iburg, Kim Moesgaard; Ikeda, Chad Thomas; Ileanu, Bogdan; Ilesanmi, Olayinka Stephen; Iqbal, Usman; Irvani, Seyed Sina Naghibi; Irvine, Caleb Mackay Salpeter; Islam, Sheikh Mohammed Sharifhl; Islami, Farhad; Jacobsen, Kathryn H.; Jahangiry, Lena; Jahanmehr, Nader; Jain, Sudhir Kumar; Jalkovnevic, Mihajlo; Javanbakht, Mehdi; Jayatilleke, Achala Upendra; Jeemon, Panniyammakal; Jha, Ravi Prakash; Jha, Vivekanand; Ji, John S.; Johnson, Catherine O.; Jonas, Jost B.; Jozwiak, Jacek Jerzy; Jungari, Suresh Banayya; Jurisson, Mikk; Kabir, Zubair; Kadel, Rajendra; Kahsay, Amaha; Kalani, Rizwan; Kanchan, Tanuj; Karami, Manoochehr; Matin, Behead Karami; Karch, Andre; Karema, Corine; Karimi, Narges; Karimi, Seyed M.; Kasaeian, Amir; Kassa, Dessalegn H.; Kassa, Getachew Mullu; Kassa, Tesfaye Dessale; Kassebaum, Nicholas J.; Katikireddi, Srinivasa Vittal; Kawakami, Norito; Karyani, Ali Kazemi; Keighobadi, Masoud Masoud; Keiyoro, Peter Njenga; Kemmer, Laura; Kemp, Grant Rodgers; Kengne, Andre Pascal; Keren, Andre; Khader, Yousef Saleh; Khafaei, Behzad; Khafaie, Morteza Abdullatif; Khajavi, Alireza; Khalil, Ibrahim A.; Khan, Ejaz Ahmad; Khan, Muhammad Shahzeb; Khan, Muhammad Ali; Khang, Young-Ho; Khazaei, Mohammad; Khoja, Abdullah T.; Khosravi, Ardeshir; Khosravi, Mohammad Hossein; Kiadaliri, Aliasghar A.; Kiirithio, Daniel N.; Kim, Cho-Il; Kim, Daniel; Kim, Pauline; Kim, Young-Eun; Kim, Yun Jin; Kimokoti, Ruth W.; Kinfu, Yohannes; Kisa, Adnan; Kissimova-Skarbek, Katarzyna; Kivimaki, Mika; Knudsen, Ann Kristin Skrindo; Kocarnik, Jonathan M.; Kochhar, Sonali; Kokubo, Yoshihiro; Kolola, Tufa; Kopec, Jacek A.; Kosen, Soewarta; Kotsakis, Georgios A.; Koul, Pareaiz A.; Koyanagi, Ai; Kravchenko, Michael A.; Krishan, Kewal; Krohn, Kristopher J.; Defo, Barthelemy Kuate; Bicer, Burcu Kucuk; Kumar, G. Anil; Kumar, Manasi; Kyu, Hmwe Hmwe; Lad, Deepesh P.; Lad, Sheetal D.; Iofranconi, Alessandra; Lalloo, Ratilal; Lallukka, Tea; Lami, Faris Hasan; Lansingh, Van C.; Latifi, Arman; Lau, Kathryn Mei-Ming; Lazarus, Jeffrey V.; Leasher, Janet L.; Ledesma, Jorge R.; Lee, Paul H.; Leigh, James; Leung, Janni; Levi, Miriam; Lewycka, Sonia; Li, Shanshan; Li, Yichong; Liao, Yu; Liben, Misgan Ingesse; Lim, Lee-Ling; Lim, Stephen S.; Liu, Shiwei; Lodha, Rakesh; Looker, Katharine J.; Lopez, Alan D.; Lorkowski, Stefan; Lotufo, Paulo A.; Low, Nicola; Lozano, Rafael; Lucas, Tim C. D.; Lucchesi, Lydia R.; Lunevicius, Raimundas; Lyons, Ronan A.; Ma, Stefan; Macarayan, Erlyn Rachelle King; Mackay, Mark T.; Madotto, Fabiana; Abd El Razelk, Hassan Magdy; Abd El Razek, Muhammad Magdy; Maghavani, Dhaval P.; Malootra, Narayan Bahadur; Mai, Hue Tin; Majdan, Marek; Majdzadeh, Reza; Majeed, Azeem; Malekzadeh, Reza; Malta, Deborah Carvalho; Mamun, Abdullah A.; Manda, Ana-Laura; Manguerra, Helena; Manhertz, Treh; Mansournia, Mohammad Ali; Mantovani, Lorenzo Giovanni; Mapoma, Chabila Christopher; Maravilla, Joemer C.; Marcenes, Wagner; Marks, Ashley; Martins-Melo, Francisco Rogerlandio; Martopullo, Ira; Maerz, Winfried; Marzan, Melvin B.; Mashamba-Thompson, Tivani Phosa; Massenburg, Benjamin Ballard; Mathur, Mann Raj; Matsushita, Kunihiro; Maulik, Pallab K.; Mazidi, Mohsen; McAlinden, Cohn; McGrath, John J.; McKee, Martin; Mehndiratta, Man Mohan; Mehrotra, Ravi; Mehta, Kala Vi; Mehta, Varshil; Mejia-Rodriguez, Fabiola; Mekonen, Tesfa; Melese, Addisu; Melku, Mulugeta; Meltzer, Michele; Memiah, Peter T. N.; Memish, Ziad A.; Mendoza, Walter; Mengistu, Desalegn Tadese; Mengistu, Getnet; Mensah, George A.; Mereta, Seid Tiku; Meretoja, Atte; Meretoja, Tuomo J.; Mestrovic, Tomislav; Mezerji, Naser Mohammad Gholi; Miazgowski, Bartosz; Miazgowski, Tomasz; Millear, Anoushka I.; Miller, Ted R.; Miltz, Benjamin; Mini, G. K.; Mirarefin, Mojde; Minakhimov, Erkin M.; Misganaw, Awoke Temesgen; Mitchell, Philip B.; Mitiku, Habtamu; Moazen, Babak; Mohajer, Bahram; Mohammad, Karzan Abdulmuhsin; Mohammadifard, Noushin; Mohammadnia-Afrouzi, Mousa; Mohammed, Mohammed A.; Mohammed, Shafiu; Mohebi, Farnam; Moitra, Modhurima; Mokdad, Ali H.; Molokhia, Mariam; Monasta, Lorenzo; Moodley, Yoshan; Moosazadeh, Mahmood; Moradi, Ghobad; Moradi-Lakeh, Maziar; Moradinazar, Mehdi; Moraga, Paula; Morawska, Lidia; Velasquez, Ilais Moreno; Morgado-Da-Costa, Joana; Morrison, Shane Douglas; Moschos, Marilita M.; Mousavi, Seyyed Meysam; Mruts, Kalayu Brhane; Muche, Achenef Asmamaw; Muchie, Kindie Fentahun; Mueller, Ulrich Otto; Mohammed, Oumer Sada; Mukhopadhyay, Satinath; Muller, Kate; Mumford, John Everett; Murhekar, Manoj; Musa, Jonah; Musa, Kamarul Imran; Mustafa, Ghulam; Nabhan, Ashraf F.; Nagata, Chie; Naghavi, Mohsen; Naheed, Atiya; Nahvijou, Azin; Naik, Guntdatta; Naik, Nitish; Najah, Farid; Naldi, Luigi; Nam, Hae Sung; Nangia, Vinay; Nansseu, Jobert Richie; Nascimento, Bruno Ramos; Natarajan, Gopalakrishnan; Neamati, Nahid; Negoi, Ionut; Negoi, Ruxandra Irina; Neupane, Subas; Newton, Charles Richard James; Ngunjiri, Josephine W.; Anh Quynh Nguyen; Ha Thu Nguyen; Huong Lan Thi Nguyen; Huong Thanh Nguyen; Long Hoang, Nguyen; Minh Nguyen; Nam Ba Nguyen; Son Hoang Nguyen; Nichols, Emma; Ningrum, Dina Nur Anggraini; Nixon, Molly R.; Nolutshungu, Nomonde; Nomura, Shuhei; Norheim, Ole F.; Noroozi, Mehdi; Norrving, Bo; Noubiap, Jean Jacques; Nouri, Hamid Reza; Shiadeh, Malihe Nourollahpour; Nowroozi, Mohammad Reza; Nsoesie, Elaine; Nyasulu, Peter S.; Odell, Christopher M.; Ofori-Asenso, Richard; Ogbo, Felix Akpojene; Oh, In-Hwan; Oladimeji, Olanrewaju; Olagunju, Andrew T.; Olagunju, Tinuke O.; Olivares, Pedro R.; Olsen, Helen Elizabeth; Olusanya, Bolajoko Olubukunola; Ong, Kanyin L.; Ong, Sok King; Oren, Eyal; Ortiz, Alberto; Ota, Erika; Otstavnov, Stanislav S.; Overland, Simon; Owolabi, Mayowa Ojo; Mahesh, P. 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N.; Resnikoff, Serge; Rezaei, Satar; Rezai, Mohammad Sadegh; Ribeiro, Antonio Luiz P.; Robinson, Stephen R.; Roever, Leonardo; Ronfani, Luca; Roshandel, Gholamreza; Rostami, Ali; Roth, Gregory A.; Roy, Ambuj; Rubagotti, Enrico; Sachdev, Perminder S.; Sadat, Nafis; Saddik, Basema; Sadeghi, Ehsan; Moghaddam, Sahar Saeedi; Safari, Hosein; Safari, Yahya; Safari-Faramani, Roya; Safdarian, Mahdi; Safi, Sare; Safiri, Saeid; Sagar, Rajesh; Sahebkar, Amirhossein; Sahraian, Mohammad Ali; Sajadi, Haniye Sadat; Salam, Nasir; Salama, Joseph S.; Salamati, Payman; Saleem, Komal; Saleem, Zikria; Salimi, Yahya; Salomon, Joshua A.; Salvi, Sundeep Santosh; Sale, Inbal; Samy, Abdallah M.; Sanabria, Juan; Sang, Yingying; Santomauro, Damian Francesco; Santos, Itamar S.; Santos, Joao Vasco; Milicevic, Milena M. Santric; Jose, Bruno Piassi Sao; Sardana, Mayank; Sarker, Abdur Razzaque; Sarrafzadegan, Nizal; Sartorius, Benn; Sarvi, Shahabeddin; Sathian, Brijesh; Satpathy, Maheswar; Sawant, Arundhati R.; Sawhney, Monika; Saxena, Sonia; Saylan, Mete; Schaeffner, Elke; Schmidt, Maria Ines; Schneider, Ione J. C.; Schoettker, Ben; Schwebel, David C.; Schwendicke, Falk; Scott, James G.; Sekerija, Mario; Sepanlou, Sadaf G.; Servan-Mori, Edson; Seyedmousavi, Seyedmojtaba; Shabaninejad, Hosein; Shafieesabet, Azadeh; Shahbazi, Mehdi; Shaheen, Amira A.; Shaikh, Masood Ali; Shams-Beyranvand, Mehran; Shamsi, Mohammadbagher; Shamsizadeh, Morteza; Sharafi, Heidar; Sharafi, Kiomars; Sharif, Mehdi; Sharif-Alhoseini, Mahdi; Sharma, Meenakshi; Sharma, Rajesh; She, Jun; Sheikh, Aziz; Shi, Peilin; Shibuya, Kenji; Shigematsu, Mika; Shiri, Rahman; Shirkoohi, Reza; Shishani, Kawkab; Shiue, Ivy; Shokraneh, Farhad; Shoman, Haitham; Shrime, Mark G.; Si, Si; Siabani, Soraya; Siddiqi, Tariq J.; Sigfusdottir, Inga Dora; Sigurvinsdottir, Rannveig; Silva, Joao Pedro; Silveira, Dayane Gabriele Alves; Singam, Narayana Sarma Venkata; Singh, Jasvinder A.; Singh, Narinder Pal; Singh, Virendra; Sinha, Dhirendra Narain; Skiadaresi, Einini; Slepak, Erica Leigh N.; Sliwa, Karen; Smith, David L.; Smith, Mari; Soares Filho, Adauto Martins; Sobaih, Bade Hasan; Sobhani, Soheila; Sobngwi, Eugene; Soneji, Samir S.; Soofi, Moslem; Soosaraei, Masoud; Sorensen, Reed J. 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Background The Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2017 (GBD 2017) includes a comprehensive assessment of incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability (YLDs) for 354 causes in 195 countries and territories from 1990 to 2017. Previous GBD studies have shown how the decline of mortality rates from 1990 to 2016 has led to an increase in life expectancy, an ageing global population, and an expansion of the non-fatal burden of disease and injury. These studies have also shown how a substantial portion of the world's population experiences non-fatal health loss with considerable heterogeneity among different causes, locations, ages, and sexes. Ongoing objectives of the GBD study include increasing the level of estimation detail, improving analytical strategies, and increasing the amount of high-quality data.
ISI:000449710900005
ISSN: 0140-6736
CID: 3493192

Global, regional, and national comparative risk assessment of 84 behavioural, environmental and occupational, and metabolic risks or clusters of risks for 195 countries and territories, 1990-2017: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017

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E.; Accrombessi, Manfred Mario Kokou; Acharya, Dilaram; Acharya, Pawan; Adamu, Abdu A.; Adane, Akikw Awoke; Adebayo, Oladimeji M.; Adedoyin, Rufus Adesoji; Adekanmbi, Victor; Ademi, Zanfina; Adetokunboh, Olatunji; Adib, Mina G.; Admasie, Amha; Adsuar, Jose C.; Afanvi, Kossivi Agbelenko; Afarideh, Mohsen; Agarwal, Gina; Aggarwal, Anju; Aghayan, Sargis Aghast; Agrawal, Anurag; Agrawal, Sutapa; Ahmadi, Alireza; Ahmadi, Mehdi; Ahmadieh, Hamid; Ahmed, Muktar Beshir; Aichour, Amani Nidhal; Aichour, Ibtihel; Aichour, Miloud Taki Eddine; Akbari, Mohammad Esmaeil; Akinyemiju, Tomi; Akseer, Nadia; Al-Aly, Ziyad; Al-Eyadhy, Ayman; Al-Mekhlafi, Hesham M.; Alandab, Fares; Alam, Khurshid; Alam, Samiah; Alam, Tahiya; Alashi, Alaa; Alavian, Seyed Moayed; Alene, Kefyalew Addis; Ali, Komal; Ali, Syed Mustafa; Alijanzadeh, Mehran; Alizadeh-Navaei, Reza; Aljunid, Syed Mohamed; Alkerwi, Ala'a; Alla, Francois; Alsharif, Ubai; Altirkawi, Khalid; Alvis-Guzman, Nelson; Amare, Azmeraw T.; Ammar, Walid; Anber, Nahla Hamed; Anderson, Jason A.; Andrei, Catalina Liliana; Androudi, Sofia; Animut, Megbaru Debalkie; Anjomshoa, Mina; Ansha, Mustafa Geleto; Anto, Josep M.; Antonio, Carl Abelardo T.; Anwari, Palwasha; Appiah, Lambert Tetteh; Appiah, Seth Christopher Yaw; Arabloo, Jalal; Aremu, Olatunde; Amlov, Johan; Artaman, Al; Aryal, Krishna K.; Asayesh, Hamid; Ataro, Zerihun; Ausloos, Marcel; Avokpaho, Euripide F. 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K.; Brenner, Hermann; Briko, Andrey Nikolaevich; Britton, Gabrielle; Brugha, Traolach; Buchbindet, Rachelle; Burnett, Richard T.; Busse, Reinhard; Butt, Zahid A.; Cahill, Leah E.; Cahuana-Hurtado, Lucero; Campos-Nonato, Ismael R.; Cardenas, Rosario; Carreras, Giulia; Carrero, Juan J.; Carvalho, Felix; Castaneda-Orjuela, Carlos A.; Rivas, Jacqueline Castillo; Castro, Franz; Catala-Lopez, Ferran; Causey, Kate; Cercy, Kelly M.; Cerin, Ester; Chaiah, Yazan; Chang, Hying-Ti; Chang, Jung-Chen; Chang, Kai-Lan; Charlson, Fiona J.; Chattopadhyay, Aparajita; Chattu, Vijay Kumar; Chee, Miao Li; Cheng, Ching-Yu; Chew, Adrienne; Chiang, Peggy Pei-Chia; Chimed-Ochir, Odgerel; Chin, Ken Lee; Chitheer, Abdulaal; Choi, Jee-Young J.; Chowdhury, Rajiv; Christensen, Hanne; Christopher, Devasahayam J.; Chung, Sheng-Chia; Cicuttini, Flavia M.; Grillo, Massimo; Cohen, Aaron J.; Collado-Mateo, Daniel; Cooper, Cyrus; Cooper, Owen R.; Coresh, Josef; Cornaby, Leslie; Cortesi, Paolo Angelo; Cortinovis, Monica; Costa, Megan; Cousin, Ewerton; Criqui, Michael H.; Cromwell, Elizabeth A.; Cundiff, David K.; Daba, Alenmeh Kabeta; Dachew, Berihun Assefa; Dadi, Abel Fekadu; Damasceno, Alberti Antonio Moura; Dandona, Lalit; Dandona, Rakhi; Darby, Sarah C.; Dargan, Paul I.; Daryani, Ahmed; Das Gupta, Rajat; Das Neves, Jose; Dasa, Tamirat Tesfaye; Dash, Aditya Prasad; Davitoiu, Dragos Virgil; Davletov, Kairat; De la Cruz-Gongora, Vanessa; De la Hoz, Fernando Pio; De Leo, Diego; De Neve, Jan-Walter; Degenhardt, Louisa; Deiparine, Selina; Dellavalle, Robert P.; Demoz, Gebre Teklemariam; Denova-Gutierrez, Edgar; Deribe, Kebede; Dervenis, Nikolaos; Deshpande, Aniruddha; Jarlais, Don C. Des; Dessie, Getenet Ayalew; Deveber, Gabrielle Aline; Dey, Subhojit; Dharmaratne, Samath Dhamminda; Dhimal, Meghnath; Dinberu, Mesfin Tadese; Ding, Eric L.; Diro, Helen Derara; Djalalinia, Shirin; Huyen Phoc Do; Dokova, Klara; Doku, David Teye; La Doyle, Kerrie; Driscoll, Tim R.; Dubey, Manisha; Dubljanin, Eleonora; Duken, Eyasu Ejeta; Duncan, Bruce B.; Duraes, Andre R.; Ebert, Natalie; Ebrahimi, Hedyeh; Ebrahimpour, Soheil; Edvardsson, David; Elfiong, Andem; Eggen, Anne Elise; El Bcheraoui, Charbel; El-Khatib, Iad; Elyazar, Iqbal Rf; Enayati, Ahmadali; Endries, Aman Yesuf; Er, Benjamin; Erskine, Holly E.; Eskandarieh, Sharareh; Esteghamati, Alireza; Estep, Kara; Fakhim, Hamed; Faramarzi, Mahbobeh; Fareed, Mohammad; Farid, Talha A.; Farinha, Carla Sofia E. Sa; Farioli, Andrea; Faro, Andre; Farvid, Maryam S.; Farzaei, Mohammad Hosein; Fatima, Batool; Fay, Kairsten A.; Fazaeli, Ali Akbar; Feigin, Valery L.; Feigl, Andrea B.; Fereshtehnejad, Seyed-Mohammad; Fernandes, Eduarda; Fernandes, Joao C.; Ferrara, Giannina; Ferrari, Alize J.; Ferreira, Manuela L.; Filip, Irina; Finger, Jonas David; Fischer, Florian; Foigt, Nataliya A.; Foreman, Kyle J.; Fukumoto, Takeshi; Fullman, Nancy; Furst, Thomas; Furtado, Joao M.; Futran, Neal D.; Gall, Seana; Gallus, Silvan; Gamkrelidze, Amiran; Ganji, Morsaleh; Garcia-Basteiro, Alberto L.; Gardner, William Ni; Gebre, Abadi Kahsu; Gebremedhin, Amanuel Tesfay; Gebremichael, Teklu Gebrehiwo; Gelano, Tilayie Feto; Geleijnse, Johanna M.; Geramo, Yilma Chisha Dea; Gething, Peter W.; Geese, Kebede Embaye; Ghadimi, Reza; Ghadiri, Keyghobad; Falavarjani, Khalil Ghasemi; Ghasemi-Kasman, Maryam; Ghimire, Mamata; Ghosh, Rakesh; Ghoshal, Aloke Gopal; Giampaoli, Simona; Gill, Paramjit Singh; Gill, Tiffany K.; Gillum, Richard F.; Ginawi, Ibrahim Abdelmageed; Giussani, Giorgia; Gnedovskaya, Elena V.; Godwin, William W.; Goli, Srinivas; Gomez-Dantes, Hector; Gona, Philimon N.; Gopalani, Sameer Vali; Goulart, Alessandra C.; Grada, Ayman; Grams, Morgan E.; Grosso, Giuseppe; Gugnani, Hanish Chander; Guo, Yuming; Gupta, Rahul; Gupta, Rajeev; Gupta, Tanush; Gutierrez, Reyna Alma; Gutierrez-Torres, Daniela S.; Haagsma, Juanita A.; Habtewold, Tesfa Dejenie; Hachinski, Vladimir; Hafezi-Nejad, Nima; Hagos, Tekleberhan B.; Hailegiyorgis, Tewodros Tesfa; Hailu, Gessessew Bugssa; Haj-Mirzaian, Arvin; Haj-Mirzaian, Arya; Hamadeh, Randah R.; Hamidi, Samer; Handal, Alexis J.; Hankey, Graeme J.; Liao, Yuantao; Harb, Hilda L.; Harikrishnan, Sivadasanpillai; Haro, Josep Maria; Hassankhani, Hadi; Hassen, Hamid Yimam; Havmoeller, Rasmus; Hawley, Caitlin N.; Hay, Simon I.; Hedayatizadeh-Omran, Akbar; Heibati, Behzad; Heidari, Behnam; Heidari, Mohsen; Hendrie, Delia; Henok, Andualem; Heredia-Pi, Ileana; Herteliu, Claudiu; Heydarpour, Fatemeh; Heydarpour, Sousan; Hibstu, Desalegn T.; Higazi, Tarig B.; Hilawe, Esayas Haregot; Hoek, Hans W.; Hoffiman, Howard J.; Hole, Michael K.; Rad, Enayatollah Homaie; Hoogar, Praveen; Hosgood, H. Dean; Hosseini, Seyed Mostafa; Hosseinzadeh, Mehdi; Hostiuc, Mihaela; Hostiuc, Sorin; Hoy, Damian G.; Hsairi, Mohamed; Hsiao, Thomas; Hu, Guoqing; Ha, Howard; Huang, John J.; Hussen, Mamusha Aman; Huynh, Chantal K.; Iburg, Kim Moesgaard; Ikeda, Nayu; Ilesanmi, Olayinka Stephen; Iqbal, Usman; Irvani, Seyed Sina Naghibi; Irvine, Caleb Mackay Salpeter; Islam, Sheikh Mohammed Shariful; Islami, Farhad; Jackson, Maria D.; Jacobsen, Kathryn H.; Jahangiry, Leila; Jahanmehr, Nader; Jain, Sudhir Kumar; Jakovljevic, Mihajlo; James, Spencer L.; Jassal, Simerjot K.; Jayatilleke, Achala Upendra; Jeemon, Panniyammakal; Jha, Ravi Prakash; Jha, Vivekanand; Ji, John S.; Jonas, Jost B.; Jonnagaddala, Jitendra; Shushtari, Zahra Jorjoran; Joshi, Ankur; Jozwiak, Jacek Jerzy; Jurisson, Mikk; Kabir, Zubair; Kahsay, Amaha; Kalani, Rizwan; Kanchan, Tanuj; Kant, Surya; Kar, Chittaranjan; Karami, Manoochehr; Matin, Behzad Karami; Karch, Andre; Karema, Corine; Karimi, Narges; Karimi, Seyed M.; Kasaeian, Amir; Kassa, Dessalegn H.; Kassa, Getachew Mullu; Kassa, Tesfaye Dessale; Kassebaum, Nicholas J.; Katikireddi, Srinivasa Vittal; Kaul, Anil; Kawakami, Norito; Kazemi, Zhila; Karyani, Ali Kazemi; Kefale, Adane Teshome; Keiyoro, Peter Njenga; Kemp, Grant Rodgers; Kengne, Andre Pascal; Keren, Andre; Kesavachandran, Chandrasekharan Nair; Khader, Yousef Saleh; Khafaei, Behzad; Khafaie, Morteza Abdullatif; Khajavi, Alireza; Khalid, Nauman; Khalil, Ibrahim A.; Khan, Gulfaraz; Khan, Muhammad Shahzeb; Khan, Muhammad Ali; Khang, Young-Ho; Khater, Mona M.; Khazaei, Mohammad; Khazaie, Habibolah; Khoja, Abdullah T.; Khosravi, Ardeshir; Khosravi, Mohammad Hossein; Kiadaliri, Aliasghar A.; Kiirithio, Daniel N.; Kim, Cho-Il; Kim, Daniel; Kim, Young-Eun; Kim, Yun Jin; Kimokoti, Ruth W.; Kinfh, Yohannes; Kisa, Adnan; Kissimova-Skarbek, Katarzyna; Kivimaki, Mika; Knibbs, Luke D.; Knudsen, Ann Kristin Skrindo; Kochhar, Sonali; Kokubo, Yoshihiro; Kolola, Tufa; Kopec, Jacek A.; Kosen, Soewarta; Koul, Parvaiz A.; Koyanagi, Ai; Kravchenko, Michael A.; Krishan, Kewal; Krohn, Kristopher J.; Kromhout, Hans; Defo, Barthelemy Kuate; Bicer, Burcu Kucuk; Kumar, G. Anil; Kumar, Manasi; Kuzin, Igor; Kyu, Hmwe Hmwe; Lachat, Carl; Lad, Deepesh P.; Lad, Sheetal D.; Lafranconi, Alessandra; Lalloo, Ratilal; Lallukka, Tea; Lami, Faris Hasan; Lang, Justin J.; Lansingh, Van C.; Larson, Samantha Leigh; Latifi, Arman; Lazarus, Jeffrey V.; Lee, Paul H.; Leigh, James; Leili, Mostafa; Leshargie, Chem Tesema; Leung, Janni; Levi, Miriam; Lewycka, Sonia; Li, Shanshan; Li, Yichong; Liang, Juan; Liang, Xiaofeng; Lian, Yu; Liben, Misgan Legesse; Lim, Lee-Ling; Linn, Shai; Liu, Shiwei; Lodha, Rakesh; Logroscino, Giancarlo; Lopez, Alan D.; Lorkowski, Stefan; Lotufo, Paulo A.; Lozano, Rafael; Lucas, Tim C. D.; Lunevicius, Raimundas; Ma, Stefan; Macarayan, Erlyn Rachele King; Machado, Isis Eloah; Madotto, Fabiana; Mai, Hue Thi; Majdan, Marek; Majdzadeh, Reza; Majeed, Azeem; Malekzadeh, Reza; Malta, Deborah Carvalho; Mamum, Abdullah A.; Manda, Ana-Laura; Manguerra, Helena; Mansournia, Mohammad Ali; Mantovani, Lorenzo Giovanni; Maravilla, Joemer C.; Marcenes, Wagner; Marks, Ashley; Martin, Randall V.; Martins, Sheila C.; Martins-Melo, Francisco Rogerlandio; Marz, Winfried; Marzan, Melvin B.; Massenburg, Benjamin Ballard; Mathur, Manu Rai; Mathur, Prashant; Matsushita, Kunihiro; Maulik, Pallab K.; Mazidi, Mohsen; McAlinden, Cohn; McGrath, John J.; McKee, Martin; Mehrotra, Ravi; Mehta, Kala M.; Mehta, Varshil; Meier, Toni; Mekonnen, Fantahun Ayenew; Melaku, Yohannes A.; Melese, Addisu; Melku, Mulugeta; Memiah, Peter T. N.; Memish, Ziad A.; Mendoza, Walter; Mengistu, Desalegn Tadese; Mensah, George A.; Mensink, Gert B. M.; Mereta, Seid Tiku; Meretola, Atte; Meretoja, Tuomo J.; Mestrovic, Tomislav; Mezgebe, Haftay Berhane; Miazgowski, Bartosz; Miazgowski, Tomasz; Millear, Anoushka I.; Miller, Ted R.; Miller-Petrie, Molly Katherine; Mini, G. K.; Mirarefin, Mojde; Mirica, Andreea; Mirrakhimov, Erkin M.; Misganaw, Awoke Temesgen; Mitiku, Habtamu; Moazen, Babak; Mohajer, Bahram; Mohammad, Karzan Abdulmuhsin; Mohammadi, Moslem; Mohammadifard, Noushin; Mohammadnia-Afrouzi, Mousa; Mohammed, Shafiu; Mohebi, Farnam; Mokdad, Ali H.; Molokhia, Mariam; Momeniha, Fatemeh; Monasta, Lorenzo; Moodley, Yoshan; Moradi, Ghobad; Moradi-Lakeh, Maziar; Moradinazar, Mehdi; Moraga, Paula; Morawska, Lidia; Morgado-Da-Costa, Joana; Morrison, Shane Douglas; Moschos, Marilita M.; Mouodi, Simin; Mousavi, Seyyed Meysam; Mozaffarian, Dariush; Mruts, Kalayu Brhane; Muche, Achenef Asmamaw; Muchie, Kindle Fentahun; Mueller, Ulrich Otto; Muhammed, Oumer Sada; Mukhopadhyay, Satinath; Muller, Kate; Musa, Kamarul Imran; Mustafa, Ghulam; Nabhan, Ashraf F.; Naghavi, Mohsen; Naheed, Aliya; Nahvijou, Azin; Naik, Gurudatta; Naik, Nitish; Najafi, Land; Nangia, Vinay; Nansseu, Jobert Richie; Nascimento, Bruno Ramos; Neal, Bruce; Neamati, Nahid; Negoi, Iona T.; Negoi, Ruxandra Irina; Neupane, Subas; Newton, Charles Richard James; Ngunjiri, Josephine V.; Anh Quynh Nguyen; Nguyen, Grant; Ha Thu Nguyen; Huong Lan Thi Nguyen; Huong Thanh Nguyen; Minh Nguyen; Nam Ba Nguyen; Nichols, Emma; Nie, Jing; Ningrum, Dina Nur Anggraini; Nirayo, Yirga Legesse; Nishi, Nobuo; Nixon, Molly R.; Nojomi, Marzieh; Nomura, Shuhei; Norheim, Ole F.; Noroozi, Mehdi; Norrving, Bo; Noubiap, Jean Jacques; Nouri, Hamid Reza; Shiadeh, Malihe Nourollahpour; Nowroozi, Mohammad Reza; Nsoesie, Elaine O.; Nyasulu, Peter S.; Obermeyer, Carla M.; Odell, Christopher M.; Ofori-Asenso, Richard; Ogbo, Felix Akpojene; Oh, In-Hwan; Oladimeji, Olanrewaju; Olagunju, Andrew T.; Olagunju, Tinuke O.; Olivares, Pedro R.; Olsen, Helen Elizabeth; Olusanya, Bolajoko Olubukunola; Olusanya, Jacob Olusegun; Ong, Kanyin L.; Ong, Sok King; Oren, Eyal; Orpana, Heather M.; Ortiz, Alberto; Ota, Erika; Otstavnov, Stanislav S.; Overland, Simon; Owolabi, Mayowa Ojo; Pacella, Mahesh P. A. Rosana; Pakhare, Abhijit P.; Pakpour, Amir H.; Pana, Adrian; Panda-Jonas, Songhomitra; Park, Eun-Kee; Parry, Charles D. H.; Parisian, Hadi; Patel, Shanti; Pati, Sanghamitra; Patil, Snehal T.; Patle, Ajay; Patton, George C.; Paudel, Deepak; Paulson, Katherine R.; Ballesteros, Wayra Citlali Paz; Pearce, Neil; Pereira, Alexandre; Pereira, David M.; Perico, Norberto; Pesudovs, Konrad; Petzold, Max; Hai Quang Pham; Phillips, Michael R.; Pillay, Julian David; Piradov, Michael A.; Pirsaheb, Meghdad; Pischon, Tobias; Pishgar, Farhad; Plana-Ripoll, Oleguer; Plass, Dietrich; Polinder, Suzanne; Polkinghorne, Kevan R.; Postma, Maarten J.; Poulton, Richie; Pourshams, Akram; Poustchi, Hossein; Prabhakaran, Dorairal; Prakash, Swayam; Prasad, Narayan; Purcell, Caroline A.; Purwar, Manorama B.; Qorbani, Mostafa; Radfar, Amir; Rafay, Anwar; Rafiei, Alireza; Rahim, Fakher; Rahimi, Zohreh; Rahimi-Movaghar, Afarin; Rahimi-Movaghar, Vafa; Rahman, Mahfuzar; Rahman, Mohammad Hifz Ur; Rahman, Muhammad Aziz; Rai, Rajesh Kumar; Rajati, Fatemeh; Rajsic, Sasa; Raju, Sree Bhushan; Ram, Usha; Ranabhat, Chhabi Lal; Ranjan, Prabhat; Rath, Goura Kishor; Rawaf, David Laith; Rawaf, Salman; Reddy, K. Srinath; Rehm, Colin D.; Rehm, Jurgen; Reiner, Robert C.; Reitsma, Marissa B.; Remuzzi, Giuseppe; Renzaho, Andre M. N.; Resnikoff, Serge; Reynales-Shigematsu, Luz Myriam; Rezaei, Satar; Ribeiro, Antonio Luiz P.; Rivera, Juan A.; Roba, Kedir Teji; Rodrigues-Ramirez, Sonia; Roever, Leonardo; Roman, Yesenia; Ronfani, Luca; Roshandel, Gholamreza; Rostami, Ali; Roth, Gregory A.; Rothenbacher, Dietrich; Roy, Ambuj; Rubagotti, Enrico; Rushton, Lesley; Sabanayagam, Charumathi; Sachdev, Perminder S.; Saddik, Basema; Sadeghi, Ehsan; Moghaddam, Sahar Saeedi; Safari, Hosein; Safari, Yahya; Safari-Faramani, Roya; Safdarian, Mandi; Safi, Sare; Safiri, Saeid; Sagar, Rajesh; Sahebkar, Amirhossein; Sahraian, Mohammad Ali; Sajadi, Haniye Sadat; Salam, Nasir; Salamati, Payman; Saleem, Zikria; Salimi, Yahya; Salimeadeh, Hamideh; Salomon, Joshua A.; Salvi, Devashri Digvijay; Satz, Inbal; Samy, Abdullah M.; Sanabria, Juan; Sanchez-Nino, Maria Dolores; Sanchez-Pimienta, Tania G.; Sanders, Taren; Sang, Yingying; Santomauro, Damian Francesco; Santos, Itamar S.; Santos, Joao Vasco; Milicevic, Milena M. Santric; Jose, Bruno Piassi Sao; Sardana, Mayank; Sacker, Abdur Razzaque; Sarmiento-Suarez, Rodrigo; Sarrafzadegan, Nizal; Sartorius, Benn; Sarvi, Shahabeddin; Sathian, Brifesh; Satpathy, Maheswar; Sawant, Arundhati R.; Sawhney, Monika; Saylan, Mete; Sayyah, Mehdi; Schaeffner, Elke; Schmidt, Maria Ines; Schneider, Ione J. C.; Schottker, Ben; Schutte, Aletta Elisabeth; Schwehel, David C.; Schwendicke, Falk; Scott, James G.; Seedat, Soraya; Sekerija, Mario; Sepanlou, Sadaf G.; Serre, Marc L.; Servan-Mori, Edson; Seyedmousavi, Seyedmojtaba; Shabaninejad, Hosein; Shaddick, Gavin; Shafieesabet, Azadeh; Shahbazi, Mehdi; Shaheen, Amira A.; Shaikh, Masood Ali; Levy, Teresa Slaamah; Shams-Beyranvand, Mehran; Shamsi, Mohammadbagher; Sharafi, Heidar; Sharafi, Kiomairs; Sharif, Mehdi; Sharif-Alhoseini, Matadi; Sharifi, Hamid; Sharma, Jayendra; Sharma, Meenakshi; Sharma, Rajesh; She, Jun; Sheikh, Aziz; Shi, Peilin; Shibuya, Kenji; Shiferaw, Mekonnen Sisay; Shigematsu, Mika; Shin, Min-Jeong; Shirt, Rahman; Shirkoohi, Reza; Shiue, Ivy; Shokraneh, Farhad; Shoman, Haitham; Shrime, Mark G.; Shupler, Matthew S.; Si, Si; Siabani, Soraya; Sibai, Abla Mehio; Siddiqi, Tariq J.; Sigfusdottir, Inga Dora; Sigurvinsdottir, Rannveig; Silva, Diego Augusto Santos; Silva, Joao Pedro; Silveira, Dayane Gabriele Alves; Singh, Jasvinder A.; Singh, Narinder Pal; Singh, Virendra; Sinha, Dhirendra Narain; Skiadaresi, Eirini; Skirbekk, Vegard; Smith, David L.; Smith, Mari; Sobaih, Badr Hasan; Sobhani, Soheila; Somayaji, Ranjani; Soofi, Moslem; Sorensen, Reed J. 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I.; Tabares-Seisdedos, Rafael; Tabuchi, Takahiro; Tadakamadla, Santosh Kumar; Takahashi, Ken; Tandon, Nikhil; Tassew, Segen Gebremeskel; Tavakkoli, Mohammad; Taveira, Nuno; Tehrani-Banihashemi, Arash; Tekalign, Tigist Gashaw; Tekelemedhin, Shishay Wandey; Tekle, Merhawi Gebremedhin; Temesgen, Habtamu; Temsah, Mohamad-Rani; Temsah, Omar; Terkawi, Abdullah Sulieman; Tessema, Belay; Teweldemedhin, Mebrahtu; Thankappan, Kavumpurathu Raman; Theis, Andrew; Thirunavukkarasu, Sathish; Thomas, Hannah J.; Thomas, Matthew Lloyd; Thomas, Nihal; Thurston, George D.; Tilahun, Binyam; Tillmana, Taavi; To, Quyen G.; Tobollik, Myriarn; Tonelli, Marcello; Topor-Madry, Roman; Torre, Anna E.; Tortajada-Girbes, Miguel; Touvier, Mathilde; Tovani-Palone, Marcos Roberto; Towbin, Jeffrey A.; Tran, Bach Xuan; Tran, Khanh Baca; Truelsen, Thomas Clement; Nu Thi Truong; Tsadik, Afewerki Gebremeskel; Car, Lorainne Tudor; Tuzcu, E. 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Background The Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2017 comparative risk assessment (CRA) is a comprehensive approach to risk factor quantification that offers a useful tool for synthesising evidence on risks and risk outcome associations. With each annual GBD study, we update the GBD CRA to incorporate improved methods, new risks and risk outcome pairs, and new data on risk exposure levels and risk outcome associations.
ISI:000449710900007
ISSN: 0140-6736
CID: 3493172

Global, regional, and national disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) for 359 diseases and injuries and healthy life expectancy (HALE) for 195 countries and territories, 1990-2017: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017

Kyu, Hmwe Hmwe; Abate, Degu; Abate, Kalkidan Hassen; Abay, Solomon M.; Abbafati, Cristiana; Abbasi, Nooshin; Abbastabar, Hedayat; Abd-Allah, Foad; Abdela, Jemal; Abdelalim, Ahmed; Abdollahpour, Ibrahim; Abdulkader, Rizwan Suliankatchi; Abebe, Molla; Abebe, Zegeye; Abil, Olifan Zewdie; Aboyans, Victor; Abrham, Aklilu Roba; Abu-Raddad, Laith Jamal; Abu-Rmeileh, Niveen M. E.; Accrombessi, Manfred Mario Kokou; Acharya, Dilaram; Acharya, Pawan; Ackerman, Ilana N.; Adamu, Abdu A.; Adebayo, Oladimeji M.; Adekanmbi, Victor; Ademi, Zanfina; Adetokunboh, Olatunji O.; Adib, Mina G.; Adsuar, Jose C.; Afanvi, Kossivi Agbelenko; Afarideh, Mohsen; Afshin, Ashkan; Agarwal, Gina; Agesa, Kareha M.; Aggarwal, Rakesh; Aghayan, Sargis Aghasi; Agrawal, Anurag; Ahmadi, Alireza; Ahmadi, Mehdi; Ahmadieh, Hamid; Ahmed, Muktar Beshir; Ahmed, Sayem; Aichour, Amani Nidhal; Aichour, Ibtihel; Aichour, Miloud Taki Eddine; Akinyemiju, Tomi; Akseer, Nadia; Ayman, Ziyad Al-Aly; Al-Eyadhy, Ayman; Al-Mekhlafi, Hesham M.; Al-Raddadi, Rajaa M.; Alahdab, Fares; Alam, Khurshid; Alam, Tahiya; Alashi, Alaa; Alavian, Seyed Moayed; Alene, Kefyalew Addis; Alijanzadeh, Mehran; Alizadeh-Navaei, Reza; Aljunid, Syed Mohamed; Alkerwi, Ala'a; Alla, Francois; Allebeck, Peter; Alonso, Jordi; Alsharif, Ubai; Altirkawi, Khalid; Alvis-Guzman, Nelson; Aminde, Leopold N.; Amini, Erfan; Amiresmaili, Mohammadreza; Ammar, Walid; Amoako, Yaw Ampem; Anber, Nahla Hamed; Andrei, Catalina Liliana; Androudi, Sofia; Animut, Megbaru Debalkie; Anjomshoa, Mina; Ansha, Mustafa Geleto; Antonio, Carl Abelardo T.; Anwari, Palwasha; Arabloo, Jalal; Aremu, Olatunde; Arnlov, Johan; Arora, Amit; Arora, Megha; Artaman, Al; Aryal, Krishna K.; Asayesh, Hamid; Ataro, Zerihun; Ausloos, Marcel; Avila-Burgos, Leticia; Avokpaho, Euripide F. G. A.; Awasthi, Ashish; Quintanilla, Beatriz Paulina Ayala; Ayer, Rakesh; Azzopardi, Peter S.; Babazadeh, Arefeh; Badali, Hamid; Balakrishnan, Kalpana; Bali, Ayele Geleto; Banach, Maciej; Banoub, Joseph Adel Mattar; Barac, Aleksandra; Barboza, Miguel A.; Barker-Collo, Suzanne Lyn; Bamighausen, Till Winfried; Barquera, Simon; Barrero, Lope H.; Bazargan-Hejazi, Shahrzad; Bedi, Neeraj; Beghi, Ettore; Behzadifar, Masoud; Behzadifar, Meysam; Bekele, Bayu Begashaw; Bekru, Eyasu Tamru; Belachew, Abate Bekele; Belay, Yihalem Abebe; Bell, Michelle L.; Bello, Aminu K.; Bennett, Derrick A.; Bensenor, Isabela M.; Berhane, Adugnaw; Bernabe, Eduardo; Bernstein, Robert S.; Beuran, Mircea; Beyranvand, 'Find; Bhala, Neeraj; Bhatt, Samir; Bhaumik, Soumyadeep; Bhutta, Zulfiqar A.; Biadgo, Belete; Biehl, Molly H.; Bijani, Ali; Bikbov, Boris; Bilano, Ver; Bililign, Nigus; Bin Sayeed, Muhammad Shahdaat; Bisanzio, Donal; Bjorge, Tone; Bleyer, Archie; Bobasa, Eshetu Mulisa; Bou-Orm, Ibrahim R.; Boufous, Soufiane; Bourne, Rupert; Brady, Oliver J.; Brant, Luisa C.; Brayne, Carol; Brazinova, Alexandra; Breitborde, Nicholas J. K.; Brenner, Hermann; Briant, Paul Svitil; Briko, Andrey Nikolaevich; Britton, Gabrielle; Brugha, Traolach; Buchbinder, Rachelle; Busse, Reinhard; Butt, Zahid A.; Cahuana-Hurtado, Lucero; Rincon, Julio Cesar Campuzano; Cano, Jorge; Cardenas, Rosario; Carrero, Juan J.; Carter, Austin; Carvalho, Felix; Castaneda-Orjuela, Carlos A.; Rivas, Jacqueline Castillo; Castro, Franz; Catala-Lopez, Ferran; Cercy, Kelly M.; Cerin, Ester; Chaiah, Yazan; Chang, Jung-Chen; Charlson, Fiona J.; Chattu, Vijay Kumar; Chiang, Peggy Pei-Chia; Chitheer, Abdulaal; Choi, Jee-Young J.; Christensen, Hanne; Christopher, Devasahayam J.; Chung, Sheng-Chia; Cicuttini, Flavia M.; Cirillo, Massimo; Collado-Mateo, Daniel; Cooper, Cyrus; Cortesi, Paolo Angelo; Cortinovis, Monica; Cousin, Ewerton; Criqui, Michael H.; Cromwell, Elizabeth A.; Cross, Marita; Crump, John A.; Daba, Alemneh Kabeta; Dachew, Berihun Assefa; Dadi, Abel Fekadu; Dandona, Lalit; Dandona, Rakhi; Dargan, Paul I.; Daryani, Ahmad; Das Gupta, Rajat; Das Neves, Jose; Dasa, Tamirat Tesfaye; Davitoiu, Dragos Virgil; De la Hoz, Fernando Pio; De Leo, Diego; De Neve, Jan-Walter; De Steur, Hans; Degefa, Meaza Girma; Degenhardt, Louisa; Deiparine, Selina; Demoz, Gebre Teklemariam; Denova-Gutierrez, Edgar; Deribe, Kebede; Dervenis, Nikolaos; Jarlais, Don C. Des; Dey, Subhojit; Dharmaratne, Samath D.; Dhimal, Meghnath; Dinberu, Mesfin Tadese; Dirac, M. Ashworth; Djalalinia, Shirin; Doan, Linh; Dokova, Klara; Doku, David Teye; Dorsey, E. Ray; Doyle, Kerrie E.; Driscoll, Tim Robert; Dubey, Manisha; Dubljanin, Eleonora; Duken, Eyasu Ejeta; Duncan, Bruce B.; Duraes, Andre R.; Ebrahimi, Hedyeh; Ebrahimpour, Soheil; Echko, Michelle M.; Edessa, Dumessa; Edvardsson, David; Effiong, Andem; Eggen, Anne Elise; Ehrlich, Joshua R.; El Bcheraoui, Charbel; El-Khatib, Ziad; Elyazar, Iqbal R. F.; Enayati, Ahmadali; Endalifer, Melese Linger; Endries, Aman Yesuf; Er, Benjamin; Erskine, Holly E.; Eskandarieh, Sharareh; Esteghamati, Alireza; Esteghamati, Sadaf; Fakhim, Hamed; Faramarzi, Mahbobeh; Fareed, Mohammad; Farhadi, Farzaneh; Farid, Talha A.; Farinha, Carla Sofia E. Sa; Farioli, Andrea; Faro, Andre; Farzadfar, Farshad; Fazaeli, Ali Akbar; Feigin, Valery L.; Fentahun, Netsanet; Fereshtehnejad, Seyed-Mohammad; Fernandes, Eduarda; Fernandes, Joao C.; Ferrari, Alize J.; Ferreira, Manuela L.; Filip, Irina; Fischer, Florian; Fitzmaurice, Christina; Foigt, Nataliya A.; Foreman, Kyle J.; Frank, Tahvi D.; Fukumoto, Takeshi; Pullman, Nancy; Furst, Thomas; Furtado, Joao M.; Gakidou, Emmanuela; Gall, Seana; Gallus, Silvano; Ganji, Morsaleh; Garcia-Basteiro, Alberto L.; Gardner, William M.; Gebre, Abadi Kahsu; Gebremedhin, Amanuel Tesfay; Gebremichael, Teklu Gebrehiwo; Gelano, Tilayie Feto; Geleijnse, Johanna M.; Genova-Maleras, Ricard; Geramo, Yilma Chisha Dea; Gething, Peter W.; Gezae, Kebede Embaye; Ghadami, Mohammad Rasoul; Ghadiri, Keyghobad; Ghasemi-Kasman, Maryam; Ghimire, Mamata; Ghoshal, Aloke Gopal; Gill, Paramjit Singh; Gill, Tiffany K.; Ginawi, Ibrahim Abdelmageed; Giussani, Giorgia; Gnedovskaya, Elena V.; Goldberg, Ellen M.; Goli, Srinivas; Gomez-Dantes, Hector; Gona, Philimon N.; Gopalani, Sameer Vali; Gorman, Taren M.; Goulart, Alessandra C.; Goulart, Barbara Niegia Garcia; Grada, Ayman; Grosso, Giuseppe; Gugnani, Harish Chander; Guillemin, Francis; Guo, Yuming; Gupta, Prakash C.; Gupta, Rahul; Gupta, Rajeev; Gupta, Tanush; Gutierrez, Reyna Alma; Gyawali, Bishal; Haagsma, Juanita A.; Hachinski, Vladimir; Hafezi-Nejad, Nima; Bidgoli, Hassan Haghparast; Hagos, Tekleberhan B.; Hailegiyorgis, Tewodros Tesfa; Haj-Mirzaian, Arvin; Haj-Mirzaian, Arya; Hamadeh, Randah R.; Hamidi, Samer; Handal, Alexis J.; Hankey, Graeme J.; Hao, Yuantao; Harb, Hilda L.; Harikrishnan, Sivadasanpillai; Haririan, Hamidreza; Haro, Josep Maria; Hassankhani, Hadi; Hassen, Hamid Yimam; Havmoeller, Rasmus; Hay, Roderick J.; Hay, Simon I.; Hedayatizadeh-Omran, Akbar; Heibati, Behzad; Hendrie, Delia; Henok, Andualem; Heredia-Pi, Ileana; Herteliu, Claudiu; Heydarpour, Fatemeh; Heydarpour, Pouria; Hibstu, Desalegn Tsegaw; Hoek, Hans W.; Hoffman, Howard J.; Hole, Michael K.; Rad, Enayatollah Homaie; Hoogar, Praveen; Hosgood, H. Dean; Hosseini, Seyed Mostafa; Hosseinzadeh, Mehdi; Hostiuc, Mihaela; Hostiuc, Sorin; Hotez, Peter J.; Hoy, Damian G.; Hsairi, Mohamed; Htet, Aung Soe; Huang, John J.; Iburg, Kim Moesgaard; Ikeda, Chad Thomas; Ilesanmi, Olayinka Stephen; Irvani, Seyed Sina Naghibi; Irvine, Caleb Mackay Salpeter; Islam, Sheikh Mohammed Shariful; Islami, Farhad; Jacobsen, Kathryn H.; Jahangiry, Leila; Jahanmehr, Nader; Jain, Sudhir Kumar; Jakovljevic, Mihajlo; James, Spencer L.; Jayatilleke, Achala Upendra; Jeemon, Panniyammakal; Jha, Ravi Praikash; Jha, Vivekanand; Ji, John S.; Johnson, Catherine O.; Jonas, Jost B.; Jonnagaddala, Jitendra; Shushtari, Zahra Jorjoran; Joshi, Ankur; Jozwiak, Jacek Jerzy; Jungari, Suresh Banayya; Jurisson, Mikk; Kabir, Zubair; Kadel, Rajendra; Kahsay, Amaha; Kalani, Rizwan; Kanchan, Tanuj; Kar, Chittaranjan; Karami, Manoochehr; Matin, Behzad Karami; Karch, Andre; Karema, Corine; Karimi, Narges; Karimi, Seyed M.; Kasaeian, Amir; Kassa, Dessalegn H.; Kassa, Getachew Mullu; Kassa, Tesfaye Dessale; Kassebaum, Nicholas J.; Katikireddi, Srinivasa Vittal; Kaul, Anil; Kawakami, Norito; Kazemi, Zhila; Karyani, Ali Kazemi; Keighobadi, Masoud Masoud; Keiyoro, Peter Njenga; Kemmer, Laura; Kemp, Grant Rodgers; Kengne, Andre Pascal; Keren, Andre; Khader, Yousef Saleh; Khafaei, Behzad; Khafaie, Morteza Abdullatif; Khajavi, Alireza; Khalid, Nauman; Khalil, Ibrahim A.; Khan, Ejaz Ahnead; Khan, Muhammad Shahzeb; Khan, Muhammad Ali; Khang, Young-Ho; Khater, Mona M.; Khazaei, Mohammad; Khoja, Abdullah T.; Khosravi, Ardeshir; Khosravi, Mohammad Hossein; Kiadaliri, Aliasghar A.; Kidanemariam, Zelalem Teklemariam; Kiirithio, Daniel N.; Kim, Cho-Il; Kim, Daniel; Kim, Young-Eun; Kim, Yon Jin; Kimokoti, Ruth W.; Kinfu, Yohannes; Kisa, Adnan; Kissimova-Skarbek, Katarzyna; Knudsen, Ann Kristin Skrindo; Kocarnik, Jonathan M.; Kochhar, Sonali; Kokubo, Yoshihiro; Kolola, Tufa; Kopec, Jacek A.; Kosen, Soewarta; Kotsakis, Georgios A.; Koul, Parvaiz A.; Koyanagi, Ai; Krishan, Kewal; Krishnaswami, Sanjay; Krohn, Kristopher J.; Defo, Barthelemy Kuate; Bicer, Burcu Kucuk; Kumar, G. Anil; Kumar, Manasi; Kuzin, Igor; Lad, Deepesh P.; Lad, Sheetal D.; Lafranconi, Alessandra; Lalloo, Ratilal; Lallukka, Tea; Lami, Faris Hasan; Lang, Justin J.; Langan, Sinead M.; Itansingh, Van C.; Latifi, Arman; Lau, Kathryn Mei-Ming; Lazarus, Jeffrey V.; Leasher, Janet L.; Ledesma, Jorge R.; Lee, Paul H.; Leigh, James; Leili, Mostafa; Leshargie, Cheru Tesema; Leung, Janni; Levi, Miriam; Lewycka, Sonia; Li, Shanshan; Li, Yichong; Liang, Xiaofeng; Liao, Yu; Liben, Misgan Legesse; Lim, Lee-Ling; Lim, Stephen S.; Limenih, Miteku Andualem; Linn, Shai; Liu, Shiwei; Looker, Katharine J.; Lopez, Alan D.; Lorkowski, Stefan; Lotufo, Paulo A.; Lozano, Rafael; Lucas, Tim C. D.; Lunevicius, Raimundas; Lyons, Ronan A.; Ma, Stefan; Macarayan, Erlyn Rachelle King; Mackay, Mark T.; Maddison, Emilie R.; Madotto, Fabiana; Maghavani, Dhaval P.; Hue Thi Mai; Majdan, Marek; Majdzadeh, Reza; Majeed, Azeem; Malekzadeh, Reza; Malta, Deborah Carvalho; Mamun, Abdullah A.; Manda, Ana-Laura; Manguerra, Helena; Mansournia, Mohammad Ali; Herrera, Ana Maria Mantilla; Mantovani, Lorenzo Giovanni; Maravilla, Joemer C.; Marcenes, Wagner; Marks, Ashley; Martins-Melo, Francisco Rogerlandio; Martopullo, Ira; Marz, Winfried; Marzan, Melvin B.; Massano, Joao; Massenburg, Benjamin Ballard; Mathur, Manu Raj; Maulik, Pallab K.; Mazidi, Mohsen; McAlinden, Colm; McGrath, John J.; McKee, Martin; McMahon, Brian J.; Mehata, Suresh; Mehrotra, Ravi; Mehta, Kala M.; Mehta, Varshil; Mejia-Rodriguez, Fabiola; Mekonen, Tesfa; Melese, Addisu; Melku, Mulugeta; Memiah, Peter T. N.; Memish, Ziad A.; Mendoza, Walter; Mengistu, Getnet; Mensah, George A.; Mereta, Seid Tiku; Meretoja, Atte; Meretoja, Tuomo J.; Mestrovic, Temislav; Miazgowski, Bartosz; Miazgowski, Tomasz; Millear, Anoushka I.; Miller, Ted R.; Mini, G. K.; Mirarefin, Mojde; Mirica, Andreea; Mirrakhimov, Erkin M.; Misganaw, Awoke Temesgen; Mitchell, Philip B.; Mitiku, Habtamu; Moazen, Babak; Mohajer, Bahram; Mohammad, Karzan Abdulmuhsin; Mohammadi, Moslem; Mohammadifard, Noushin; Mohammadnia-Afrouzi, Mousa; Mohammed, Mohammed A.; Mohammed, Shafiu; Mohebi, Farnam; Mokdad, Ali H.; Molokhia, Mariam; Monasta, Lorenzo; Montanez, Julio Cesar; Moosazadeh, Mahmood; Moradi, Ghobad; Moradi, Mahmoudreza; Moradi-Lakeh, Maziar; Moradinazar, Mehdi; Moraga, Paula; Morawska, Lidia; Velasquez, Ilais Moreno; Morgado-Da-Costa, Joana; Morrison, Shane Douglas; Moschos, Marilita M.; Mousavi, Seyyed Meysam; Mruts, Kalayu Brhane; Muche, Achenef Asmamaw; Muchie, Kindie Fentahun; Mueller, Ulrich Otto; Muhammed, Oumer Sada; Mukhopadhyay, Satinath; Muller, Kate; Mumford, John Everett; Murthy, G. V. S.; Musa, Kamarul Imran; Mustafa, Ghulam; Nabhan, Ashraf F.; Nagata, Chie; Nagel, Gabriele; Naghavi, Mohsen; Naheed, Aliya; Nahvijou, Azin; Naik, Gurudatta; Najafi, Farid; Hae Sung Nam; Nangia, Vinay; Nansseu, Jobert Richie; Neamati, Nahid; Negoi, Ionut; Negoi, Ruxandra Irina; Neupane, Subas; Newton, Charles Richard James; Ngunjiri, Josephine W.; Anh Quynh Nguyen; Nguyen, Grant; Ha Thu Nguyen; Huong Lan Thi Nguyen; Huong Thanh Nguyen; Long Hoang Nguyen; Minh Nguyen; Nam Ba Nguyen; Son Hoang Nguyen; Nichols, Emma; Ningrum, Dina Nur Anggraini; Nixon, Molly R.; Nomura, Shuhei; Noroozi, Mehdi; Norrving, Bo; Noubiap, Jean Jacques; Nouri, Hamid Reza; Shiadeh, Malihe Nourollahpour; Nowroozi, Mohammad Reza; Nsoesie, Elaine O.; Nyasulu, Peter S.; Odell, Christopher M.; Ofori-Asenso, Richard; Ogbo, Felix Akpojene; Oh, In-Hwan; Oladimeji, Olanrewaju; Olagunju, Andrew T.; Olagunju, Tinuke O.; Olivares, Pedro R.; Olsen, Helen Elizabeth; Olusanya, Bolajoko Olubukunola; Olusanya, Jacob Olusegun; Ong, Kanyin L.; Ong, Sok King; Oren, Eyal; Ortiz, Alberto; Ota, Erika; Otstavnov, Stanislav S.; Overland, Simon; Owolabi, Mayowa Ojo; Mahesh, P. A.; Pacella, Rosana; Pakhare, Abhijit P.; Pakpour, Amir H.; Pana, Adrian; Panda-Jonas, Songhomitra; Park, Eun-Kee; Park, James; Parry, Charles D. H.; Parsian, Hadi; Pasdar, Yahya; Patel, Shanti; Patil, Snehal T.; Patle, Ajay; Patton, George C.; Paturi, Vishnupriya Rao; Paudel, Deepak; Paulson, Katherine R.; Pearce, Neil; Pereira, Alexandre; Pereira, David M.; Perico, Norberto; Pesudovs, Konrad; Petzold, Max; Hai Quang Pham; Phillips, Michael R.; Pigott, David M.; Pillay, Julian David; Piradov, Michael A.; Pirsaheb, Meghdad; Pishgar, Farhad; Plana-Ripoll, Oleguer; Polinder, Suzanne; Popova, Svetlana; Postma, Maarten J.; Pourshams, Akram; Poustchi, Hossein; Prabhakaran, Dorairaj; Prakash, Swayam; Prakash, V.; Prasad, Narayan; Purcell, Caroline A.; Qorbani, Mostafa; Quistberg, D. Alex; Radfar, Amir; Rafay, Anwar; Rafiei, Alireza; Rahim, Fakher; Rahimi, Kazem; Rahimi, Zohreh; Rahimi-Movaghar, Afarin; Rahimi-Movaghar, Vafa; Rahman, Mahfuzar; Rahman, Mohammad Hifz Ur; Rahman, Muhammad Aziz; Rahman, Sajjad Ur; Rai, Rajesh Kumar; Rajati, Fatemeh; Ranjan, Pnabhat; Rao, Puja C.; Rasella, Davide; Rawaf, David Laith; Rawaf, Salman; Reddy, K. Srinath; Reiner, Robert C.; Reitsma, Marissa Bettay; Remuzzi, Giuseppe; Renzaho, Andre M. N.; Resnikoff, Serge; Rezaei, Satar; Rezai, Mohammad Sadegh; Ribeiro, Antonio Luiz P.; Roberts, Nicholas L. S.; Robinson, Stephen R.; Roever, Leonardo; Ronfani, Luca; Roshandel, Gholamreza; Rostami, Ali; Roth, Gregory A.; Rothenbacher, Dietrich; Rubagotti, Enrico; Sachdev, Perminder S.; Sadat, Nafis; Sadeghi, Ehsan; Moghaddam, Sahar Saeedi; Safari, Hosein; Safari, Yahya; Safari-Faramani, Roya; Safdarian, Mahdi; Safi, Sare; Safiri, Saeid; Sagar, Rajesh; Sahebkar, Amirhossein; Sahraian, Mohammad Ali; Sajadi, Haniye Sadat; Salam, Nasir; Salama, Joseph S.; Salamati, Payman; Saleem, Zikria; Salimi, Yahya; Salimzadeh, Hamideh; Salomon, Joshua A.; Salvi, Sundeep Santosh; Salz, Inbal; Samy, Abdallah M.; Sanabria, Juan; Sanchez-Nino, Maria Dolores; Santomauro, Damian Francesco; Santos, Itamar S.; Santos, Joso Vasco; Milicevic, Milena M. Santric; Jose, Bruno Piassi Sao; Sardana, Mayank; Sarker, Abdur Razzaque; Sarmiento-Suarez, Rodrigo; Sarrafzadegan, Nizal; Sartorius, Benn; Sarvi, Shahabeddin; Sathian, Brijesh; Satpathy, Maheswar; Sawant, Arundhati R.; Sawhney, Monika; Saxena, Sonia; Schaeffner, Elke; Schmidt, Maria Ines; Schneider, Ione J. C.; Schutte, Aletta Elisabeth; Schwebel, David C.; Schwendicke, Falk; Scott, James G.; Sekerija, Mario; Sepanlou, Sadaf G.; Servan-Mori, Edson; Seyedmousavi, Seyedmojtaba; Shabaninejad, Hosein; Shafieesabet, Azadeh; Shahbazi, Mehdi; Shaheen, Amira A.; Shaikh, Masood Ali; Shams-Beyranvand, Mehran; Shamsi, Mohammadbagher; Sharafi, Heidar; Sharafi, Kiomars; Sharif, Mehdi; Sharif-Alhoseini, Mahdi; Sharma, Jayendra; Sharma, Rajesh; She, Jun; Sheikh, Aziz; Shi, Peilin; Shibuya, Kenji; Shiferaw, Mekonnen Sisay; Shigematsu, Mika; Shiri, Rahman; Shirkoohi, Reza; Shiue, Ivy; Shokoohinia, Yalda; Shokraneh, Farhad; Shoman, Haitham; Shrime, Mark G.; Si, Si; Siabani, Soraya; Sibai, Abla Mehio; Siddiqi, Tariq J.; Sigfusdottir, Inga Dora; Sigurvinsdottir, Rannveig; Silva, Diego Augusto Santos; Silva, Joao Pedro; Silveira, Dayane Gabriele Alves; Singam, Narayana Sarma Venkata; Singh, Jasvinder A.; Singh, Narinder Pal; Singh, Virendra; Sinha, Dhirendra Narain; Skiadaresi, Eirini; Skirbekk, Vegard; Sliwa, Karen; Smith, David L.; Smith, Mari; Soares Filho, Adauto Martins; Sobaih, Badr Hasan; Sobhani, Soheila; Soofi, Moslem; Sorensen, Reed J. D.; Soyiri, Ireneous N.; Sposato, Luciano A.; Sreeramareddy, Chandrashekhar T.; Srinivasan, Vinay; Stanaway, Jeffrey D.; Starodubov, Vladimir I.; Stein, Dan J.; Steiner, Caitlyn; Steiner, Timothy J.; Stokes, Mark A.; Stovner, Lars Jacob; Subart, Michelle L.; Sudaryanto, Agus; Sufiyan, Mu'awiyyah Babale; Sulo, Gerhard; Sunguya, Bruno F.; Sur, Patrick John; Sykes, Bryan L.; Sylaja, P. N.; Sylte, Dillon O.; Szoeke, Cassandra E. I.; Tabares-Seisdedos, Rafael; Tabuchi, Takahiro; Tadakamadla, Santosh Kumar; Tandon, Nikhil; Tassew, Segen Gebremeskel; Tavakkoli, Mohammad; Taveira, Nuno; Taylor, Hugh R.; Tehrani-Banihashemi, Arash; Tekalign, Tigist Gashaw; Teikelemedhin, Shishay Wandey; Tekle, Merhawi Gebremedhin; Temsah, Mohamad-Hari; Temsah, Omar; Terkawi, Abdullah Sulieman; Tessema, Belay; Teweldemedhin, Mebrahtu; Thankappan, Kavumpurathu Raman; Theis, Andrew; Thirunavukkarasu, Sathish; Thomas, Nihal; Tilahun, Binyam; To, Quyen G.; Tonelli, Marcello; Topor-Madry, Roman; Torre, Anna E.; Tortajada-Girbes, Miguel; Touvier, Mathilde; Tovani-Palone, Marcos Roberto; Towbin, Jeffrey A.; Bach Xuan Tran; Khanh Bao Tran; Troeger, Christopher E.; Tsadik, Afewerki Gebremeskel; Tsoi, Derrick; Car, Lorainne Tudor; Tyrovolas, Stefanos; Ukwaja, Kingsley Nnanna; Ullah, Irfan; Undurraga, Eduardo A.; Updike, Rachel L.; Usman, Muhammad Shariq; Uthman, Olalekan A.; Vaduganathan, Muthiah; Vaezi, Afsane; Valdez, Pascual R.; Vanavikova, Elena; Varughese, Santosh; Vasankari, Tommi Juhani; Venketasubramanian, Narayanaswamy; Villafaina, Santos; Violante, Francesco S.; Vladimirov, Sergey Konstantinovitch; Vlassov, Vasily; Vollset, Stein Emil; Vos, Theo; Vosoughi, Kia; Vujcic, Isidora S.; Wagnew, Fasil Shiferaw; Waheed, Yasir; Wang, Yafeng; Wang, Yuan-Pang; Weiderpass, Elisabete; Weintraub, Robert G.; Weiss, Daniel J.; Weldegebreal, Fitsum; Weldegwergs, Kidu Gidey; Werdecker, Andrea; West, T. Eoin; Westerman, Ronny; Whiteford, Harvey A.; Widecka, Justyna; Wijeratne, Tissa; Williams, Hywel C.; Wilner, Lauren B.; Wilson, Shadrach; Winkler, Andrea Sylvia; Wiyeh, Alison B.; Wiysonge, Charles Shey; Wolfe, Charles D. A.; Woolf, Anthony D.; Wyper, Grant M. A.; Xavier, Denis; Xu, Gelin; Yadgir, Simon; Jabbari, Seyed Hossein Yahyazadeh; Yamada, Tomohide; Yan, Lijing L.; Yano, Yuichiro; Yaseri, Mehdi; Yasin, Yasin Jemal; Yeshaneh, Alex; Yimer, Ebrahim M.; Yip, Paul; Yisma, Engida; Yonemoto, Naohiro; Yoon, Seok-Jun; Yotebieng, Marcel; Younis, Mustafa Z.; Yousefifard, Mahmoud; Yu, Chuanhua; Zadnik, Vesna; Zaidi, Zoubida; Bin Zaman, Sojib; Zamani, Mohammad; Zandian, Hamed; Zar, Heather J.; Zenebe, Zerihun Menlkalew; Zipkin, Ben; Zhou, Maigeng; Zodpey, Sanjay; Zucker, Inbar; Zuhlke, Liesl Joanna; Murray, Christopher J. L.
Background How long one lives, how many years of life are spent in good and poor health, and how the population's state of health and leading causes of disability change over time all have implications for policy, planning, and provision of services. We comparatively assessed the patterns and trends of healthy life expectancy (HALE), which quantifies the number of years of life expected to be lived in good health, and the complementary measure of disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), a composite measure of disease burden capturing both premature mortality and prevalence and severity of ill health, for 359 diseases and injuries for 195 countries and territories over the past 28 years.
ISI:000449710900006
ISSN: 0140-6736
CID: 3493182

Global, regional, and national age-sex-specific mortality for 282 causes of death in 195 countries and territories, 1980-2017: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017

Roth, Gregory A.; Collaborotors, G. B. D.Causes Death; Abate, Degu; Abate, Kalkidan Hassen; Abay, Solomon M.; Abbafati, Cristiana; Abbasi, Nooshin; Abbastabar, Hedayat; Abd-Allah, Load; Abdela, Jemal; Abdelalim, Ahmed; Abdollahpour, Ibrahim; Abdulkader, Rizwan Suliankatchi; Abebe, Haftom Temesgen; Abebe, Molla; Abebe, Zegeye; Abejie, Ayenew Negesse; Abera, Semaw F.; Abil, Olifan Zewdie; Abraha, Haftom Niguse; Abrham, Aklilu Roba; Abu-Raddad, Laith Jamal; Accrombessi, Manfred Mario Kokou; Acharya, Dilaram; Adamu, Abdu A.; Adebayo, Oladimeji; Adedoyin, Rufus Adesoji; Adekanmbi, Victor; Adookunboh, Olatunii; Adhena, Beyene Meressa; Adib, Mina G.; Admasie, Aniha; Afshin, Ashkan; Agarwal, Gina; Agesa, Karelia M.; Agrawal, Anurag; Agrawal, Sutapa; Ahmadi, Alireza; Ahmadi, Melidi; Ahmed, Muktar Beshir; Ahmed, Sayent; Aichour, Amani Nidhal; Aichour, Ibtihel; Aichour, Miloud Taki Fddine; Akbari, Mohammad Esmaeil; Akinyeniti, Rufus Olusola; Akseer, Nadia; Al-Aly, Ziyad; Al-Eyadhy, Ayman; Al-Raddadi, Rajaa M.; Alandab, Fares; Alam, Khurshid; Alam, Tahiya; Alebel, Animut; Alene, Kefyalew Addis; Alijanzadeh, Mehran; Alizadeh-Navaei, Reza; Aljunid, Syed Mohamed; Alkerwi, Ala'a; Alla, Francois; Allebeck, Peter; Alonso, Jordi; Altirkawi, Khalid; Alvis-Guzman, Nelson; Amare, Azmeraw T.; Aminde, Leopold N.; Amini, Erfan; Ammar, Walid; Amoako, Yaw Ampern; Anber, Nahla Hamed; Andrei, Catalina Liliana; Androudi, Sofia; Animut, Megbaru Debalkie; Anjomshoa, Mina; Ansari, Hossein; Aniha, Mustafa Geleto; Antonio, Carl Abelardo T.; Anwari, Palwasha; Aremu, Olatunde; Arnlov, Johan; Arora, Amit; Arora, Monika; Artaman, Al; Aryal, Krishna K.; Asayesh, Hamid; Asfaw, Ephremi Tsegay; Ataro, Zerihun; Atique, Suleman; Atre, Sachin R.; Ausloos, Marcel; Avokpaho, Euripide F. G. A.; Awasthi, Ashish; Quintattilla, Beatriz Paulina Ayala; Ayele, Yohanes; Ayer, Rakesh; Azzopardi, Peter S.; Babazadeh, Arefeh; Bacha, Umar; Badali, Hamid; Badawi, Alaa; Bali, Ayele Geleto; Ballesteros, Katherine E.; Banach, Maciej; Banerjee, Kajori; Bannick, Marlena S.; Banoub, Joseph Adel Mattar; Barboza, Miguel A.; Barker-Collo, Suzanne Lyu; Barnighausen, Till Winfried; Barquera, Simon; Barrero, Lope; Bassat, Quique; Base, Sanjay; Baune, Bernhard T.; Baynes, Habtamu Wondifraw; Bazargan-Hejazi, Shahrzad; Beth, Neeraj; Beghi, Ettore; Behzadifar, Masoud; Behzadifar, Mcysam; Bejot, Yannick; Bekele, Bayu Begashaw; Belacliew, Abate Bekele; Belay, Ezra; Belay, Yihalem Abebe; Bell, Michelle L.; Bello, Aminu K.; Bennett, Derrick A.; Bensenor, Isabela M.; Berman, Adam F.; Bernabe, Eduardo; Bernstein, Robert S.; Bertolacci, Gregory J.; Beuran, Mircea; Beyranvand, Tina; Bhalla, Ashish; Bhattarai, Suraj; Bhaumik, Sounayadeeep; Bhutta, Zulfiqar A.; Biadgo, Belete; Biehl, Molly H.; Bijani, Ali; Bikbov, Boris; Bilano, Ver; Bililign, Nigus; Bin Sayeed, Muhammad Shandaat; Bisanzio, Donal; Biswas, Tuhin; Blacker, Brigitte F.; Basara, Berrak Bora; Borschmann, Rohan; Bosetti, Cristina; Bozorgmehr, Kayvan; Brady, Oliver J.; Brant, Luisa C.; Brayne, Carol; Brazinova, Alexandra; Breitborde, Nicholas J. K.; Brenner, Hermann; Briant, Paul Svitil; Britton, Gabrielle; Brugha, Traolach; Busse, Reinhard; Butt, Zahid A.; Callender, Charlton S. K. H.; Campos-Nonato, Ismael R.; Rincon, Julio Cesar Canapuzano; Cano, Jorge; Car, Mate; Cardenas, Rosario; Carreras, Giulia; Carrero, Juan J.; Carter, Austin; Carvalho, Felix; Castaneda-Orjuela, Carlos A.; Rivas, Jacqueline Castillo; Castle, Chris D.; Castro, Clara; Castro, Franz; Catala-Lopez, Ferran; Cerin, Ester; Chaiah, Yazan; Chang, Jung -Chen; Chanson, Fiona J.; Chaturvedi, Pankaj; Chiang, Peggy Pei-Chia; Chimed-Ochir, Odgerel; Chisumpa, Vesper Hichilombwe; Chitheet, Abdulaal; Chowdhury, Rajiv; Christensen, Hanne; Christopher, Devasahayam J.; Chiang, Sheng-Chia; Cicuttini, Flavia M.; Ciobanu, Liliana G.; Cirillo, Massimo; Cohen, Aaron J.; Cooper, Leslie Trumbull; Cortesi, Paolo Angelo; Cortinovis, Monica; Cousin, Ewerton; Cowie, Benjamin C.; Criqui, Michael H.; Cromwell, Elizabeth A.; Crowe, Christopher Stephen; Crump, John A.; Cunningham, Matthew; Daba, Alemneh Kabeta; Dadi, Abel Fekadu; Dandona, Lalit; Dandona, Rakhi; Dang, Anh Kim; Dargan, Paul I.; Daryani, Ahmad; Das, Siddharth K.; Das Gupta, Rajat; Das Neves, Jose; Dasa, Tamirat Tesfaye; Dash, Aditya Prasad; Davis, Adrian C.; Weaver, Nicole Davis; Davitoiu, Dragos Virgil; Davletov, Kairat; De La Hoz, Fernando Pio; De Neve, Jan-Walter; Degefa, Meaza Girma; Degenhardt, Louisa; Degfie, Tizta T.; Deiparine, Selina; Demoz, Gebre Teklemariam; Demtsu, Baleen Betsu; Denova-Gutierrez, Edgar; Deribe, Kebede; Dervenis, Nikolaos; Jarlais, Don C. Des; Dessie, Getenet Ayalew; Dey, Subhojit; Dhannaratne, Samath D.; Dicker, Daniel; Dinberu, Mesfin Tadese; Ding, Eric L.; Dirac, M. Ashworth; Djalalinia, Shirin; Dokova, Klara; Ter Doku, David; Donnelly, Christl A.; Dorsey, E. Ray; Doshi, Pratik P.; Douwes-Schultz, Dirk; Doyle, Kerrie E.; Driscoll, Tim R.; Dubey, Manisha; Dubljanin, Eleonora; Duken, Eyasu Ejeta; Duncan, Bruce B.; Duraes, Andre R.; Ebrahimi, Hedyeh; Ebrahimpour, Soheil; Edessa, Dumessa; Edvardsson, David; Eggen, Anne Elise; El Bcheraoui, Charbel; Zaki, Maysaa El Sayed; El-Khatib, Ziad; Elkout, Hajer; Eltinsel, Christian Lycke; Endres, Matthias; Endries, Aman Yesuf; Er, Benjamin; Erskine, Holly E.; Eshrati, Babak; Eskandarieh, Sharareh; Esmaeili, Reza; Esteghamati, Alireza; Fakhar, Mahdi; Fakhim, Hamed; Faramarzi, Mahbobeh; Fareed, Mohammad; Farhadi, Farzaneh; Faninha, Carla Sofia E. Sa; Faro, Andre; Farvid, Maryam S.; Farzadfar, Farshad; Farzaei, Mohammad Hosein; Feign, Valery L.; Feigl, Andrea B.; Fentahun, Netsanet; Eereshtehnejad, Seyed-Mohammad; Fernandes, Eduarda; Fernandes, Joao C.; Ferrari, Alice J.; Feyissa, Garumma Tolu; Filip, Irina; Finegold, Samuel; Fischer, Florian; Eitzmaurice, Christina; Foigt, Nataliya A.; Foreman, Kyle J.; Fornari, Carla; Frank, Tahvi D.; Fukumoto, Takeshi; Fuller, John E.; Fullman, Nancy; Furst, Thomas; Furtado, Joao M.; Futran, Neal D.; Gallus, Silvano; Garcia-Basteiro, Alberto L.; Garcia-Gordillo, Miguel A.; Gardner, William M.; Gebre, Abadi Kahsu; Gebrehiwol, Tsegaye Tewelde; Gebremedhin, Amanuel Tesfay; Gebremichael, Bereket; Gebremichael, Teklu Gebrehiwo; Gelano, Tilayie Feto; Geleijinse, Johanna M.; Genova-Maleras, Ricard; Geramo, Yilma Chisha Dea; Gething, Peter W.; Gezae, Kebede Embaye; Ghadami, Mohammad Rasoul; Ghadimi, Reza; Falavarjani, Khalil Ghasemi; Ghasemi-Kasman, Maryam; Ghimire, Mamata; Gibney, Katherine B.; Gill, Paramjit Singh; Gill, Tiffany K.; Gillum, Richard F.; Ginawi, Ibrahim Abdelmageed; Giroud, Maurice; Giussani, Giorgia; Goenka, Shifalika; Goldberg, Ellen M.; Goli, Srinivas; Gomez-Dantes, Hector; Gona, Philimon N.; Gopalani, Sameer Vali; Gorman, Taren M.; Goto, Atsushi; Goulart, Alessandra C.; Gnedovskaya, Elena V.; Grada, Aymara; Grosso, Giuseppe; Gugnani, Hanish Chander; Guimaraes, Andre Luiz Sena; Gun, Nailing; Gupta, Prakash C.; Gupta, Rahid; Gupta, Rajenv; Gupta, Tanush; Gutierrez, Reyna Alma; Gyawali, Bishal; Haagsma, Juanita A.; Hafezi-Nejad, Nima; Hagos, Tekleberhan B.; Hailegiyorgis, Tewodros Tesfa; Hailu, Gessessew Bugssa; Haj-Mirzaian, Arvin; Haj-Mirzaian, Arya; Hamadeh, Randall R.; Hamidi, Sinner; Handal, Meads J.; Hankey, Graeme J.; Harb, Hilda L.; Harikrishnan, Sivadasanpillai; Haro, Josep Maria; Hasan, Mehedi; Hassankhani, Hadi; Hassen, Hamid Yimam; Havmoeller, Rasmus; Hay, Roderick J.; Hay, Simon I.; He, Yihua; Hedayatizadeh-Omran, Akbar; Hegazy, Mohamed I.; Heibati, Behzad; Heidari, Mohsen; Hendrie, Delia; Henok, Andualem; Henry, Nathaniel J.; Herteliu, Claudiu; Heydarpour, Fatemeh; Heydarpour, Pouria; Heydarpour, Sousan; Hibstu, Desalegn Tsegaw; Hoek, Hans W.; Hole, Michael K.; Red, Enayatollah Homaie; Hoogar, Praveen; Hosgood, H. Dean; Hosseini, Seyed Mostafa; Hosseinzadeh, Mehdi; Hostiuc, Mihaela; Hostiuc, Sorin; Hotez, Peter J.; Hoy, Damian C.; Hsiao, Thomas; Hu, Guoqing; Huang, John J.; Husseini, Abdullatif; Hussen, Mohammedaman Mama; Hutfless, Susan; Idrisov, Bulat; Ilesanmi, Olayinka Stephen; Iqbal, Usman; Irvani, Seyed Sina Naghibi; Irvine, Caleb Mackay Salpeter; Islam, Nazrul; Islam, Sheikh Mohammed Shariful; Islami, Farhad; Jacobsen, Kathryn H.; Jahangiry, Leila; Jahanmehr, Nader; Jain, Sudhir Kumar; Jakovlievic, Mihajlo; Jalu, Moti Tolera; James, Spencer L.; Javanbakht, Mehdi; Jayatilleke, Achala Upendra; Jeemon, Panniyammakal; Jenkins, Kathy J.; Jha, Ravi Prakash; Jha, Vivekanand; Johnson, Catherine O.; Johnson, Sarah C.; Jonas, Jost B.; Joshi, Ankur; Jozwiak, Jacek Jerzy; Jungari, Suresh Banayya; Jurisson, Mikk; Kabir, Zubair; Kadel, Rajendra; Kahsay, Amaha; Kalani, Rizwan; Karami, Manoochehr; Matin, Behzad Karami; Karch, Andre; Karema, Corine; Karimi-Sari, Hamidreza; Kasaeian, Amir; Kassa, Dessalegn H.; Kassa, Getachew Mullu; Kassa, Tesfaye Dessale; Kassebaum, Nicholas J.; Katikireddi, Srinivasa Vittal; Kaul, Anil; Kazemi, Zhila; Karyani, Ali Kazemi; Kazi, Dhruv Satish; Kefale, Adane Teshome; Keiyoro, Peter Njenga; Kemp, Grant Rodgers; Kengne, Andre Pascal; Keren, Andre; Kesavachandran, Chandrasekharan Nair; Khader, Yousef Saleh; Khafaei, Behzad; Khafaie, Morteza Abdullatif; Khajavi, Alireza; Khalid, Nauman; Khalil, Ibrahim A.; Khan, Ejaz Ahmad; Khan, Muhammad Shahzeb; Khan, Muhammad Ali; Khang, Young-Ho; Khater, Mona M.; Khoja, Abdullah T.; Khosravi, Ardeshir; Khosravi, Mohammad Hossein; Khubchandani, Jagdish; Kiadaliri, Aliasghar A.; Kibret, Getiye D.; Kidanemariam, Zelalem Teklemariam; Kiirithio, Daniel N.; Kim, Daniel; Kim, Young-Eun; Kim, Yun Jin; Kimokoti, Ruth W.; Kinfu, Yohannes; Kisa, Adnan; Kissimova-Skarbek, Katarzyna; Kivimaki, Mika; Knudsen, Ann Kristin Skrindo; Kocarnik, Jonathan M.; Kochhar, Sonali; Kokubo, Yoshihiro; Kolola, Tufa; Kopec, Jacek A.; Koul, Parvaiz A.; Koyanagi, Ai; Kravchenko, Michael A.; Krishan, Kewal; Defo, Barthelemy Kuate; Bicer, Burcu Kinuk; Kumar, G. Anil; Kumar, Manasi; Kumar, Pushpendra; Kutz, Michael J.; Kuzin, Igor; Kyu, Hmwe Hmwe; Lad, Deepesh P.; Lad, Sheetal D.; Lafranconi, Alessandra; Lal, Dharmesh Kumar; Lalloo, Ratilal; Lallukka, Tea; Lam, Jennifer O.; Lami, Faris Hasan; Lansingh, Van C.; Lansky, Sonia; Larson, Heidi J.; Latifi, Amman; Lau, Kathryn Mei-Ming; Lazarus, Jeffrey V.; Lebedev, Georgy; Lee, Paul H.; Leigh, James; Leili, Mostafa; Leshargie, Cheru Tesema; Li, Shanshan; Li, Yichong; Liang, Juan; Lim, Lee-Ling; Lim, Stephen S.; Limenih, Miteku Andualem; Linn, Shai; Liu, Shiwei; Liu, Yang; Lodha, Rakesh; Lansdale, Chris; Lopez, Alan D.; Lorkowski, Stefan; Lotufo, Paulo A.; Lozano, Rafael; Lunevicius, Raimundas; Ma, Stefan; Macarayan, Erlyn Rachelle King; Mackay, Mark T.; MacLachlan, Jennifer H.; Maddison, Emilie R.; Nadotto, Fabiana; Abd El Razek, Hassan Magdy; Abd El Razek, Muhammed Magdy; Maghavani, Dhaval P.; Majdan, Marek; Majdzadeh, Reza; Majeed, Azeem; Malekzadeh, Reza; Malta, Deborah Carvalho; Manda, Ana-Laura; Mandarano-Filho, Luiz Garcia; Manguerra, Helena; Mansournia, Mohammad Ali; Mapoma, Chabila Christopher; Marami, Dadi; Maravilla, Joemer C.; Marcenes, Wagner; Marczak, Laurie; Marks, Ashley; Marks, Guy B.; Martinez, Gabriel; Martins-Melo, Francisco Rogerlandio; Martopullo, Ira; Marz, Winfried; Marron, Melvin B.; Masci, Joseph R.; Lylassenburg, Benjamin Ballard; Mathur, Manu Raj; Mathur, Prashant; Matzopoulos, Richard; Maulik, Pallab K.; Mazidi, Mohsen; McAlinden, Cohn; McGrath, John J.; McKee, Martin; McMahon, Brian J.; Mehata, Suiiesh; Mehndiratta, Man Mohan; Mehrotra, Ravi; Mehta, Kala M.; Mehta, Varshil; Mekonnen, Tefera C.; Melese, Addisu; Melku, Mulugeta; Memiah, Peter T. N.; Memish, Ziad A.; Mendoza, Walter; Mengistu, Desalegn Tadese; Mengistu, Getnet; Mensah, George A.; Mereta, Seid Tiku; Meretoja, Atte; Meretoja, Tuomo J.; Meshovic, Tbmislav; Mezgebe, Haftay Berhane; Miazgowski, Bartosz; Miazgowski, Tomasz; Millear, Anoushka I.; Miller, Ted R.; Katherine, Molly; Petrie, Miller; Mini, G. K.; Mirabi, Parvaneh; Mirarefin, Mojde; Mirica, Andreea; Mirrakhimov, Erkin M.; Misganaw, Awoke Temesgen; Mitiku, Habtamu; Moazen, Babak; Mohammad, Karzan Abdulmuhsin; Mohammad, Moslem; Mohammadifard, Noushin; Mohammed, A. Mohammed; Mohammed, Shafiu; Mohan, Viswanathan; Mokdad, Ali H.; Molokhia, Mariam; Monasta, Lorenzo; Moradi, Ghobad; Moradi-Lakeh, Maziar; Moradinazar, Mehdi; Moraga, Paula; Morawska, Lidia; Velasquez, Ilais Moreno; Morgado-Da-Costa, Joana; Morrison, Shane Douglas; Moschos, Marilita M.; Mouodi, Simin; Mousavi, Seyyed Meysam; Muchie, Kindie Eentahun; Mueller, Ulrich Otto; Mukhopadhyay, Satinath; Muller, Kate; Mumford, John Everett; Musa, Jonah; Musa, Kamand Imran; Mustafa, Ghulam; Muthupandian, Saravanan; Nachega, Jean B.; Nagel, Gabriele; Naheed, Aliya; Nahvijou, Azin; Naik, Gunidatta; Nair, Sanjeev; Najafi, Farid; Naldi, Luigi; Nam, Hae Sung; Nangia, Vinay; Nansseu, Jobert Richie; Nascirnento, Bruno Ramos; Natarajan, Gopalakrishnan; Nearnati, Nahid; Negoi, Ionut; Negoi, Ruxcandra Irina; Nettpane, Subas; Newton, Charles R. J.; Ngalesoni, Frida N.; Ngunjiri, Josephine W.; Anh Quynh Nguyen; Nguyen, Grant; Ha Thu Nguyen; Luong Thanh Nguyen; Long Hoang Nguyen; Minh Nguyen; Trang Huyen Nguyen; Nichols, Emma; Ningnun, Dina Nur Anggraini; Nirayo, Yirga Legesse; Nixon, Molly R.; Nolutshungu, Nomonde; Nomura, Shhhei; Norhelin, Ole F.; Noroozi, Mehdi; Norrving, Bo; Noubiap, Jean Jacques; Nouri, Hamid Reza; Shiadeh, Malihe Nourollahpour; Nowroozi, Mohammad Reza; Nyasulu, Peter S.; Odell, Christopher M.; Ofori-Asenso, Richard; Ogbo, Felix Akpojene; Oh, In-Hwan; Oladimeji, Olanrewaju; Olagunju, Andrew T.; Olivares, Pedro R.; Olsen, Helen Elizabeth; Olusanya, Bolajoko Olubukunola; Olusanya, Jacob Olusegun; Ong, Kanyin L.; Ong, Sok King Sk; Oren, Eyal; Orpana, Heather M.; Ortiz, Alberto; Ortiz, Justin R.; Otstavnov, Stanislav S.; Overland, Simon; Owolabi, Mayowa Ojo; Ozdemir, Raziye; Mahesh, P. A.; Pacella, Rosana; Pakhale, Smita; Pakhare, Abhijit P.; Pakpour, Amir H.; Pana, Adrian; Panda-Jonas, Songhomitra; Pandian, Jeyaraj Durai; Parisi, Andrea; Park, Eun-Kee; Parry, Charles D. H.; Parsian, Hadi; Patel, Shanti; Pati, Sanghamitra; Patton, George C.; Paturi, Vishnupriya Rao; Paulson, Katherine R.; Pereira, Alexandre; Pereira, David M.; Perico, Norberto; Pesudovs, Konrad; Petzold, Max; Phillips, Michael R.; Piel, Frederic B.; Pigott, David M.; Pillay, Julian David; Pirsaheb, Meghdad; Pishgar, Farhad; Polinder, Suzanne; Postma, Maarten J.; Pourshams, Akram; Poustchi, Hossein; Pujar, Ashwini; Prakash, Swayam; Prasad, Narayan; Purcell, Caroline A.; Qorbani, Mostafa; Quintana, Hedley; Quistberg, D. Alex; Rade, Kirankumar Waman; Radfah, Amir; Rafay, Anwar; Rafiei, Alireza; Rahim, Fakher; Rahimi, Kazem; Rahimi-Movaghar, Afarin; Rahman, Mahfuzar; Rahman, Mohammad Hifz Ur; Rahman, Muhammad Aziz; Rai, Rajesh Kumar; Rajsic, Sasa; Ram, Usha; Ranabhat, Chhabi Lal; Ranjan, Prabhat; Rao, Puja C.; Rawaf, David Laith; Rawaf, Salman; Razo-Garcia, Christian; Reddy, K. Srinath; Reiner, Robert C.; Reitsma, Marissa B.; Remuzzi, Giuseppe; Renzaho, Andre M. N.; Resnikoff, Serge; Rezaei, Satar; Rezaeian, Shahab; Rezai, Mohammad Sadegh; Riahi, Seyed Mohammad; Ribeiro, Antonio Luiz P.; Rios-Blancas, Maria Jesus; Roba, Kedir Teji; Roberts, Nicholas L. S.; Robinson, Stephen R.; Roever, Leonardo; Ronfani, Luca; Roshandel, Gholamreza; Rostami, Ali; Rothenbacher, Dietrich; Roy, Ambuj; Rubagotti, Enrico; Sachdev, Perminder S.; Saddik, Basema; Sadeghi, Ehsan; Safari, Hosein; Safdarian, Mahdi; Safi, Sare; Safiri, Saeid; Sagar, Rajesh; Sahebkar, Amirhossein; Sahraian, Mohammad Ali; Salam, Nasir; Salama, Joseph S.; Salamati, Payman; Saldanha, Raphael De Freitas; Saleem, Zikria; Salimi, Yahya; Salvi, Sundeep Santosh; Salz, Inbal; Sambala, Evanson Zondani; Samy, Abdatiah M.; Sanabria, Juan; Sanchez-Nino, Maria Dolores; Santomauro, Damian Francesco; Santos, Itamar S.; Santos, Joao Vasco; Milicevic, Milena M. Santric; Jose, Bruno Piassi Sao; Sarker, Abdur Razzaque; Sarmiento-Suarez, Rodrigo; Sarrafzadegan, Nizal; Sartorius, Benn; Sarvi, Shahabeddin; Sathian, Brijesh; Satpathy, Maheswar; Sawant, Arundhati R.; Sawhney, Monika; Saxena, Sonia; Sayyah, Mehdi; Schaeffher, Elke; Schmidt, Maria Ines; Schneider, Ione J. C.; Schottker, Ben; Schutte, Aletta Elisabeth; Schwebel, David C.; Schwendicke, Falk; Scott, James G.; Sekerija, Mario; Sepanlou, Sadaf G.; Servan-Mori, Edson; Seyedmousavi, Seyedmojtaba; Shabaninejad, Hosein; Shackelford, Katya Anne; Shafieesabet, Azadeh; Shahbazi, Mehdi; Shaheen, Amira A.; Shaikh, Masood Ali; Shams-Beyranvand, Mehran; Shamsi, Mohammadbagher; Shamsizadeh, Morteza; Sharafi, Kiomars; Sharif, Mehdi; Sharif-Alhoseini, Mandi; Sharma, Rajesh; She, Jun; Sheikh, Aziz; Shi, Peilin; Shiferaw, Mekonnen Sisav; Shigematsu, Mika; Shiri, Rahman; Shirkoohi, Reza; Shiue, Ivy; Shokraneh, Farhad; Shrine, Mark G.; Si, Si; Siabani, Soraya; Siddiqi, Tariq J.; Sigfusdottir, Inga Dora; Sigurvinsdottir, Rannveig; Silberberg, Donald H.; Silva, Diego Augusto Santos; Silva, Joao Pedro; Da Silva, Natacha Torres; Silveira, Dayane Bride Alves; Singh, Jasvinder A.; Singh, Narinder Pal; Singh, Prashant Kumar; Singh, Virendra; Sinha, Dhirendra Narain; Sliwa, Karen; Smith, Mari; Sobaih, Badr Hasan; Sobhani, Soheila; Solangwi, Eugene; Soneji, Samir S.; Soofi, Moslem; Sorensen, Reed J. D.; Soriano, Joan B.; Soyiri, Ireneous N.; Sposato, Luciano A.; Sreeramareddy, Chandrashekhar F.; Srinivasan, Vinay; Stanaway, Jeffrey D.; Starodubov, Vladimir I.; Stathopoulou, Vasiliki; Stein, Dan J.; Steiner, Caitlyn; Stewart, Leo G.; Stokes, Mark A.; Subart, Michelle L.; Sudaryanto, Agus; Sufiyan, Mu'awiyyah Babale; Sur, Patrick John; Sutradhar, Ipsita; Sykes, Bryan L.; Sylaja, P. N.; Sylte, Dillon O.; Szoeke, Cassandra E. I.; Tabares-Seisdedos, Rafael; Tabuchi, Takahiro; Tadakamadla, Santosh Kumar; Takahashi, Ken; Tandon, Nikhil; Tassew, Segen Gebremeskel; Taveira, Nuno; Tehrani-Banihashemi, Arash; Tekalign, Tigist Gashaw; Tekle, Merhawi Gebremedhin; Temsah, Mohamad-Hani; Temsah, Omar; Terkawi, Abdullah Sulieman; Teshale, Manaye Yihune; Tesserna, Belay; Tessema, Gizachew Assefa; Thankappan, Kavumpurathu Raman; Thirinavukkarasu, Sathish; Thomas, Nihal; Thrift, Amanda G.; Thurston, George D.; Tilahun, Binyam; To, Quyen G.; Tobe-Gai, Ruoyan; Tonellli, Marcello; Topor-Madry, Roman; Torre, Anna E.; Tortajada-Cirbes, Miguel; Touvier, Mathilde; Tovani-Palone, Marcos Roberto; Bach Xuan Tran; Khah Bao Tran; Tripathi, Suryakant; Troeger, Christopher E.; Truelsen, Thomas Clement; Nu Thi Truong; Tsadik, Afewerki Gebremeskel; Tsoi, Derrick; Car, Lorainne Tudor; Tuzcu, E. Murat; Tyrovolas, Stefanos; Ukwaja, Kingsley N.; Whiff, Irfan; Undurraga, Eduardo A.; Updike, Rachel L.; Usman, Muhammad Shariq; Uthman, Olalekan A.; Uzun, Selen Begum; Vaduganathan, Muthiah; Vaezi, Afsane; Vaidya, Gaurang; Valdez, Pascual R.; Varavikova, Elena; Vasankari, Tommi Juhani; Venketasubramanian, Narayanaswamy; Villafaina, Santos; Violante, Francesco S.; Vladimirov, Sergey Konstantinovitch; Vlassov, Vasily; Vollset, Stein Email; Vos, Theo; Wagner, Gregory R.; Wagnew, Fasil Shiferaw; Waheed, Yasir; Wallin, Mitchell Taylor; Watson, Judd L.; Wang, Yanping; Wang, Yuan-Pang; Wassie, Molla Mesele; Weiderpass, Elisabete; Weintraub, Robert G.; Weldegebreal, Eitsum; Weldegwergs, Kidu Gidey; Werdecker, Andrea; Werkneh, Adhena Ayaliew; West, T. Eoin; Westerman, Ronny; Whiteford, Harvey A.; Widecka, Justyna; Wilner, Lauren B.; Wilson, Shadrach; Winkler, Andrea Sylvia; Wiysonge, Charles Shey; Wolfe, Charles D. A.; Wu, Shouling; Wu, Yun-Chun; Wyper, Grant M. A.; Xavier, Denis; Xu, Gelin; Yadgir, Simon; Yadollahpour, Ali; Jabbari, Seyed Hossein Yahyazadeh; Yakob, Bereket; Yan, Lijing L.; Yano, Yuichiro; Yaseri, Mehdi; Yasin, Yasin Jemal; Yentur, Gokalp Kadri; Yeshaneh, Alex; Yimer, Ebrahim M.; Yip, Paul; Yirsaw, Biruck Desalegn; Yisma, Engida; Yonemoto, Naohiro; Yonga, Gerald; Yoon, Seok-Jun; Yotebieng, Marcel; Younis, Mustafa Z.; Yousefifard, Mahmoud; Yu, Chuanhua; Zadnik, Vesna; Zaidi, Zoubida; Bin Zaman, Sojib; Zamani, Mohammad; Zare, Zohreh; Zeleke, Ayalew Jejaw; Zenebe, Zerihun Menlkalew; Zhang, Anthony Lin; Zhang, Kai; Zhou, Maigeng; Zodpey, Sanjay; Zuhlke, Liesl Joanna; Naghavi, Ntishsen; Murray, Christopher J. L.
Background Global development goals increasingly rely on country-specific estimates for benchmarking a nation's progress. To meet this need, the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2016 estimated global, regional, national, and, for selected locations, subnational cause-specific mortality beginning in the year 1980. Here we report an update to that study, making use of newly available data and improved methods. GBD 2017 provides a comprehensive assessment of cause-specific mortality for 282 causes in 195 countries and territories from 1980 to 2017.
ISI:000449710900004
ISSN: 0140-6736
CID: 3493202