Faculty Bibliography

[David F. Gordon] also said that the AIDS epidemic has the potential to generate political tensions in Nigeria, an important oil producer. He also said the AIDS epidemic could weaken Nigeria's peacekeeping role for the United Nations in Africa

the AIDS virus -- could harm the economic, social, political and military structure in each of the five countries, a CIA official said in releasing the declassified portions of the council's report. HIV would spark tensions over spending priorities, driving up health care costs and sharpening military manpower shortages, David F. Gordon, a CIA official and the report's author said at a news conference at the agency's headquarters in Langley. Gordon said the AIDS epidemic has the potential to generate political tensions in Nigeria, an important oil producer. He also said the AIDS epidemic could weaken Nigeria's peace-keeping role for the United Nations in Africa

Bill Clinton said at an international AIDS conference here tonight that he regretted not having done more about AIDS while he was president and that he had erred in not supporting needle exchange programs to prevent spread of the virus among drug users. In an interview with reporters after a session of the 14th International AIDS Conference, Mr. Clinton also urged leaders in Africa, the Caribbean and Asia, regions hit hard by AIDS, to speak out forcefully and develop plans to stop the spread of H.I.V., the virus that causes the syndrome. Mr. Clinton was attending the conference as part of a panel of current and former heads of state, the first such event at an AIDS conference. He said that although many political leaders had been afraid to take a strong stand on AIDS, ''not a single one of them will be defeated for doing the right thing in this area.''

The danger of ignorance was a main topic of the 14th International AIDS Conference, in Barcelona. Up to a half million Americans are either unaware that they are infected with the AIDS virus, not receiving treatment for it, or both

Giving nevirapine to a woman during labor and then to her newborn is considered the most feasible way to prevent transmission of H.I.V. from an infected mother to her newborn in developing countries, Dr. [Glenda Gray] said. She said her team undertook the study because she and other pediatricians did not know how effective preventive therapy would be if they gave nevirapine only to a newborn and not to the mother. So Dr. Gray, Dr. James McIntyre and their team devised a study to compare nevirapine with AZT among newborns whose mothers chose not to take anti-H.I.V. therapy during pregnancy or labor. The risk of infection increased if the mother breast-fed and the infant received AZT. Dr. Gray speculated that one reason for the difference was that AZT irritated an infant's stomach, allowing easier entry of H.I.V

The drug, T-20 or enfuvirtide, is a member of a new class of drugs called fusion inhibitors that attack HIV, the virus that causes AIDS. When added to combinations of standard drugs, injections of T-20 significantly reduced high levels of HIV in the blood among patients who it had been documented were infected with resistant virus compared with those who took the standard drugs. Once started, lifetime treatment of HIV is needed, AIDS experts say. But because the T-20 trials lasted 24 weeks, the long-term benefits and dangers of the drug are not known. So HIV resistance to T-20 could eventually become a problem, [Anthony S. Fauci] and other AIDS experts said. T-20 blocks HIV's cell machinery at a site different from any of the standard anti-HIV drugs. Existing anti-HIV drugs disrupt enzymes in the virus; T-20 blocks the entry of HIV into body cells. That entry, a process called fusion, releases the virus' genetic material and allows it to replicate

The risk of infection increased if the mother breast-fed and the infant received AZT. [Glenda Gray] speculated that one reason for the difference was that AZT irritated an infant's stomach, allowing easier entry of HIV

Giving nevirapine to a woman during labor and then to her newborn is considered the most feasible way to prevent transmission of HIV from an infected mother to her newborn in developing countries, [Glenda Gray] said. She said her team undertook the study because she and other pediatricians did not know how effective preventive therapy would be if they gave nevirapine only to a newborn and not to the mother. So Gray, Dr. James McIntyre and their team devised a study to compare nevirapine with AZT among newborns whose mothers chose not to take anti-HIV therapy during pregnancy or labor

It was not clear whether Mr. [Nelson Mandela]'s criticism was meant to include his successor, Thabo Mbeki, who has been faulted for impeding many efforts to test and treat people in South Africa for H.I.V., the virus that causes AIDS. When Mr. Mandela closed the last AIDS conference in Durban, South Africa, in 2000, he said the world could not afford to be distracted by the furor surrounding Mr. Mbeki, who at the time questioned whether H.I.V. caused AIDS. Mr. [Bill Clinton] said in an interview on Thursday that he regretted not having done more about AIDS as president. Today, he said he is making AIDS his main interest as he seeks to raise money for the International AIDS Trust, of which he is cochairman with Mr. Mandela

The rates of unawareness among minority gay men aged 15 to 29 were staggeringly high: of this group 90% of blacks, 70% of Hispanics and 60% of whites said they did not know they were infected with HIV, the AIDS virus. Disease centres officials, who are responsible for tracking the AIDS epidemic in the United States, said in the period 1994-2000, 55% of new HIV infections in 25 states were among blacks, who make up only 12% of the population in the United States. Presenting an overview of the AIDS epidemic in the United States, Dr. Ronald Valdiserri, an AIDS official at the disease centres, described a growing apathy about the HIV epidemic