Faculty Bibliography

The statement Thursday also said that Nixon's family was at his bedside. His daughters, Tricia Nixon Cox and Julie Nixon Eisenhower, have been at the hospital most of the week. Nixon's wife, Pat, died last June of lung cancer at 81. After the stroke Monday Nixon's right arm and leg were paralyzed, his speech was impaired and he lost some vision. But by Wednesday the stroke had also led to severe swelling of the brain, a life-threatening condition known as cerebral edema. A stroke causes brain swelling when damaged arteries begin to break down and fluid leaks into the brain tissue. This leakage further damages cells that have already been harmed by a lack of oxygen when a stroke occurs. The amount of swelling is generally related directly to the severity of a stroke

[Richard Nixon], 81, was described as having suffered 'a big stroke' by a health worker who is involved in his care but would not allow his name to be used. The stroke paralyzed Nixon's right arm and leg, impaired his speech and caused some loss of vision. In a press conference yesterday, President Clinton said he and Mrs. Clinton were praying for Nixon's recovery, adding that Nixon had offered him 'wise counsel' on Russia and other matters in the past 15 months. Although Nixon's doctors said medical workers were able to arouse the former president yesterday morning, by afternoon he was described as drowsy. He had been reported to be agitated earlier in the day and was given a drug belonging to the benzodiazepine class, the health- care worker said, adding that the drug may have contributed to Nixon's lethargy

In the second full day after suffering a paralyzing stroke on Apr 18, 1994, former President Richard Nixon remained in critical condition on Apr 20, with swelling in his brain continuing to threaten his life

[Nixon], 81, was described as having suffered 'a big stroke' by a medical worker involved in his care. The stroke paralyzed Nixon's right arm and leg, impaired his speech and caused some loss of vision. Medical experts say the next few days are crucial.Nixon was entering the peak period for brain swelling. That period is usually 48 to 72 hours after a stroke and continues up to 96 hours, after which the swelling usually begins to subside

NIH head Harold Varmus and Samuel Broder, chief of the National Cancer Institute, expressed remorse at a congressional hearing on Apr 13, 1994 about delays in sorting out problems in federally financed breast cancer studies, which contained falsified data

The FDA on Apr 12, 1994 said that it had approved the marketing of a new drug to help prevent rejection of transplanted livers. The new drug, which is now known as tacrolimus, will be sold as Prograf by its manufacturer, Fujisawa USA Inc

[Thomas E. Starzl] said he was emotionally drained after the death in November 1990 of one of his patients -- 13-year-old Stormie Jones of Texas -- and was quitting surgery to concentrate on research. Stormie Jones was the world's first recipient of a heart-liver transplant in 1984. The U.S. Department of Agriculture had approved FK-506 for use only at Presby and Children's Hospital. Gov. [Casey], who underwent heart-liver transplant surgery at Presby on June 14, was among the recipients. With additional research, Starzl's team found that the drug prolonged the survival time of transplanted organs in other animals. He also saw hints that tacrolimus could rescue transplanted organs that were being rejected in humans despite the use of cyclosporine, the major anti-rejection drug now prescribed for organ transplants

[Bernard Fisher] had repeatedly declined requests for interviews over the last few weeks, saying he would save his account for the congressional hearing, to be conducted by Rep. John D. Dingell, a Michigan Democrat who is chairman of the House Subcommittee on Oversight and Investigations. Pete Stockton, with the Committee on Energy and Commerce's Subcommittee on Oversight and Investigations, said the committee had received a letter from Fisher's attorney asking that he be excused for health reasons. -- Why did the National Cancer Institute wait until December 1992 to require independent monitoring boards for studies conducted under its auspices, 13 years after the National Institutes of Health made such a recommendation? Such boards, which monitor data and safety, are customary in many federally sponsored studies, including those of heart disease. Fisher's studies did not include one. [Dwight Kaufman] said in an interview over the weekend that no one at his institute seemed to know about the 1979 recommendation

Since [Roger Poisson] contributed to many of [Bernard Fisher]'s studies, providing 16 percent of the cases for the pivotal lumpectomy trial, the question of his selection as a participant in the trial is a matter of concern. Dr. Thomas Detre, senior vice chancellor of the University of Pittsburgh and head of the school's vast medical enterprise, said he did not know how Fisher chose Poisson or other doctors as principal investigators. National Cancer Institute officials say Fisher's problems probably resulted from a too rapid growth of his studies in size and number. But independent experts chosen by the institute as peer reviewers did not detect such problems. Several of Fisher's supporters suggested that the University of Pittsburgh and the National Cancer Institute did not provide Fisher with a large enough staff to deal with the studies. But Detre said he was not aware that Fisher had asked for a larger staff. In his reply to [Harold Varmus], Detre referred to money contributed since 1989 by ICI Pharmaceuticals Group, the manufacturer of the drug tamoxifen, which Fisher is testing for its ability to prevent breast cancer. The company, Detre wrote, has contributed $600,000 to the endowment for a Fisher chair, and a further $700,000 has come from other sources