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Loss of EnthusiasmHowever, Dr. [Allan M. Lansing] said Mr. [William J. Schroeder] still lacked the spontaneity and enthusiasm he had last week when he talked on the telephone with President Reagan. The doctors do not plan to treat Mr. Schroeder's depression with mood-altering drugs. ''We are relying on encouragement more than drug therapy,'' Dr. Lansing said. In an effort to give Mr. Schroeder a psychological lift, doctors moved him out of the coronary care unit this afternoon and into a private room on second floor of the hospital. The move, Dr. Lansing said, was ''a sign of our confidence'' in Mr. Schroeder's condition and opportunity for recovery. Mr. Schroeder also went for a wheelchair ride to join carolers in singing ''Silent Night'' and to visit a friend from his hometown, Jasper, Ind., who is recovering from a heart bypass operation. The doctors also stopped prescribing Aldomet, an anti-high blood pressure drug, for the transplant patient because of the possibility that it might be contributing to his depression. Mr. Schroeder's doctors plan to do another CAT scan later this week as well as a special radioisotope test to determine if new clots were present in his artificial heart. The radioisotope study will be done under the direction of Dr. F. David Rollo, a Humana vice president who is a professor of radiology at Vanderbilt Medical School in Nashville. Depending on the findings, the doctors might add aspirin and other drugs to the coumarin, or blood-thinning drug, he now receives. There is also a possibility that the doctors will take Mr. Schroeder back to the operating to replace his artificial heart with another one. In trying to put some perspective on Mr. Schroeder's prognosis, Dr. Lansing said he had seen people who looked worse than Mr. Schroeder recover completely. ''I wouldn't give up hope,'' Dr. Lansing said

Dr. [Allan M. Lansing] rated Mr. [William J. Schroeder]'s edema at three-plus and said it was most noticeable in his legs. The surgeon said the edema ''is no discomfort to him, but it is a bother to me that it is still present because everything else improved and it should have gone away.'' He also said the team ''may not have a valid answer after seven tests'' and that the team might quit after only three or four such implants ''if the results are poor.'' ''It is a seven-game series,'' Dr. Lansing said. ''We'd like to win it and to do it in five games. But it is still early on.''

Ordinarily when physicians put their hand on a patient's chest, they feel for the strength of the heartbeat and for evidence of a ''thrill.'' They use the word to describe a vibratory sensation. Thrills can be felt, for instance, when the valves of the heart are severely damaged, or when there is an artery blockage. Mr. [William J. Schroeder] expressed gratitude to Dr. [William C. DeVries] and his other physicians. And the patient cried as he said he had a ''new real purpose'' in life. Mr. Schroeder called the program a success and said he had two goals: ''to get myself healthy'' and ''to be able to help others.''

''I feel real good, really good,'' the patient said, noting that after a couple of days of being ''a little down,'' he had ''come back and picked up eating - doing real good and I feel super.'' ''That purpose,'' he said, ''is to be with God, and I feel like He's Number 1. He saved me.'' 'I've Got a Purpose' ''I've got a purpose right here,'' Mr. [William J. Schroeder] said, pointing to his wife. ''We've been married 33 years. I've got something to look forward to - her and six healthy children.''

''I told him we'd talk in the morning,'' Dr. [William C. DeVries] said, adding ''Rob told me he was going out dancing.'' About 6:45 A.M., the phone rang yet again. ''Everybody wanted to know where I was, and I said I'd be there by 8,'' Dr. DeVries said. ''I took a nice calm shower, and my wife drove me to the hospital.'' He was concerned about ''the acts of God'' and other uncontrollable factors: ''a valve that could break or some other flaw in the heart.'' Now that he was delegating more tasks for this implant operation, he said he worried about ''a heart that might not be sterilized properly or that someone wouldn't do their job.''

One factor is the amount of swelling, called edema, that appears in the heart, presumably from damage to its blood vessels. When doctors look through the microscope at specimens of the normal heart, they see muscle cells that are tightly bound. But when severe edema is present in a rejection reaction, the muscle cells may be separated. The abnormality helps explain why the rejection reaction can disrupt normal heart function

Today might have been William J. Schroeder's funeral. Before he was selected as the second recipient of a permanent artificial heart, his doctors had given him no more than a week to live. But the 52-year-old retired Federal worker has now survived on the experimental device for a week, and physicians say he is continuing to make ''slow and steady progress.'' States of MindWe see patients in our offices whom we think should be candidates for heart transplants or artificial hearts, but they are not psychologically ready,'' Dr. Robert R. Goodin, the Humana team's chief cardiologist, said. Psychological screening and family support are ''absolutely essential'' factors in selecting a recipient, Dr. Goodin said. ''One cannot predict five or eight weeks,'' Dr. Goodin said, ''but one can speak in terms of one to two weeks or one to two days.''

Dr. Peter Heimes, the West German developer of the unit, who directed the experiment today, expressed his anxiety over the procedure. ''The three seconds looked very dangerous,'' he said at a news conference late this afternoon. But he added, ''It worked just fine.'' ''He is much less frisky than yesterday,'' Dr. [Allan M. Lansing] said. ''He looks worn out.'' 'Just Sort of Very Weary' ''He sort of outdid himself yesterday,'' Dr. Lansing said. ''He felt great. All of us felt great.''

''It's different,'' she said, ''but at least it's beating and I can feel it.'' Before he entered the hospital, Mrs. [William J. Schroeder] said, she was unable to feel her husband's heart. ''It was very weak before and now it's a thump, thump sort of feeling,'' she said. Dr. [Allan M. Lansing] said that for Mr. Schroeder, getting out of bed was 'a milestone'' in his recovery, ''another source of encouragement to make him feel better and tremendous mentally.''