NYUHSL Faculty Bibliography

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person:nixonr01 or ginsbs01 or levye01 or mathep01 or ohnom01 or raom01 or scharh01 or yangd02 or yuana01

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1147

Acta neuropathologica. 2016:131(4):621-37.DOI: 10.1007/s00401-015-1512-2

Neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis with DNAJC5/CSPalpha mutation has PPT1 pathology and exhibit aberrant protein palmitoylation

Henderson, Michael X; Wirak, Gregory S; Zhang, Yong-Quan; Dai, Feng; Ginsberg, Stephen D; Dolzhanskaya, Natalia; Staropoli, John F; Nijssen, Peter C G; Lam, TuKiet T; Roth, Amy F; Davis, Nicholas G; Dawson, Glyn; Velinov, Milen; Chandra, Sreeganga S

Neuronal ceroid lipofuscinoses (NCL) are a group of inherited neurodegenerative disorders with lysosomal pathology (CLN1-14). Recently, mutations in the DNAJC5/CLN4 gene, which encodes the presynaptic co-chaperone CSPalpha were shown to cause autosomal-dominant NCL. Although 14 NCL genes have been identified, it is unknown if they act in common disease pathways. Here we show that two disease-associated proteins, CSPalpha and the depalmitoylating enzyme palmitoyl-protein thioesterase 1 (PPT1/CLN1) are biochemically linked. We find that in DNAJC5/CLN4 patient brains, PPT1 is massively increased and mis-localized. Surprisingly, the specific enzymatic activity of PPT1 is dramatically reduced. Notably, we demonstrate that CSPalpha is depalmitoylated by PPT1 and hence its substrate. To determine the consequences of PPT1 accumulation, we compared the palmitomes from control and DNAJC5/CLN4 patient brains by quantitative proteomics. We discovered global changes in protein palmitoylation, mainly involving lysosomal and synaptic proteins. Our findings establish a functional link between two forms of NCL and serve as a springboard for investigations of NCL disease pathways.

PMCID:4791186

PMID: 26659577

ISSN: 1432-0533

CID: 1877772

Journal of neurochemistry. 2016:137(2):253-65.DOI: 10.1111/jnc.13536

Calpastatin inhibits motor neuron death and increases survival of hSOD1 mice

Rao, Mala V; Campbell, Jabbar; Palaniappan, Arti; Kumar, Asok; Nixon, Ralph A

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a progressive motor neuron disease with a poorly understood cause and no effective treatment. Given that calpains mediate neurodegeneration in other pathological states and are abnormally activated in ALS, we investigated the possible ameliorative effects of inhibiting calpain overactivation in hSOD1G93A transgenic (Tg) mice in vivo by neuron specific overexpression of calpastatin (CAST), the highly selective endogenous inhibitor of calpains. Our data indicate that overexpression of CAST in hSOD1G93A mice, which lowered calpain activation to levels comparable to WT mice, inhibited the abnormal breakdown of cytoskeletal proteins (spectrin, MAP2 and neurofilaments), and ameliorated motor axon loss. Disease onset in hSOD1G93A /CAST mice compared to littermate hSOD1G93A mice is delayed, which accounts for their longer time of survival. We also find that neuronal overexpression of CAST in hSOD1G93A transgenic mice inhibited production of putative neurotoxic caspase-cleaved tau and activation of Cdk5, which have been implicated in neurodegeneration in ALS models, and also reduced the formation of SOD1 oligomers. Our data indicate that inhibition of calpain with CAST is neuroprotective in an ALS mouse model

PMCID:4828294

PMID: 26756888

ISSN: 1471-4159

CID: 1912592

Neurobiology of aging. 2016:39:90-8.DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2015.11.013

Partial BACE1 reduction in a Down syndrome mouse model blocks Alzheimer-related endosomal anomalies and cholinergic neurodegeneration: role of APP-CTF

Jiang, Ying; Rigoglioso, Andrew; Peterhoff, Corrinne M; Pawlik, Monika; Sato, Yutaka; Bleiwas, Cynthia; Stavrides, Philip; Smiley, John F; Ginsberg, Stephen D; Mathews, Paul M; Levy, Efrat; Nixon, Ralph A

beta-amyloid precursor protein (APP) and amyloid beta peptide (Abeta) are strongly implicated in Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathogenesis, although recent evidence has linked APP-betaCTF generated by BACE1 (beta-APP cleaving enzyme 1) to the development of endocytic abnormalities and cholinergic neurodegeneration in early AD. We show that partial BACE1 genetic reduction prevents these AD-related pathological features in the Ts2 mouse model of Down syndrome. Partially reducing BACE1 by deleting one BACE1 allele blocked development of age-related endosome enlargement in the medial septal nucleus, cerebral cortex, and hippocampus and loss of choline acetyltransferase (ChAT)-positive medial septal nucleus neurons. BACE1 reduction normalized APP-betaCTF elevation but did not alter Abeta40 and Abeta42 peptide levels in brain, supporting a critical role in vivo for APP-betaCTF in the development of these abnormalities. Although ameliorative effects of BACE1 inhibition on beta-amyloidosis and synaptic proteins levels have been previously noted in AD mouse models, our results highlight the additional potential value of BACE1 modulation in therapeutic targeting of endocytic dysfunction and cholinergic neurodegeneration in Down syndrome and AD.

PMCID:4773919

PMID: 26923405

ISSN: 1558-1497

CID: 2006252

Neurobiology of learning & memory. 2016:129:69-82.DOI: 10.1016/j.nlm.2015.09.005

Corruption of the dentate gyrus by "dominant" granule cells: Implications for dentate gyrus function in health and disease

Scharfman, Helen E; Myers, Catherine E

The dentate gyrus (DG) and area CA3 of the hippocampus are highly organized lamellar structures which have been implicated in specific cognitive functions such as pattern separation and pattern completion. Here we describe how the anatomical organization and physiology of the DG and CA3 are consistent with structures that perform pattern separation and completion. We then raise a new idea related to the complex circuitry of the DG and CA3 where CA3 pyramidal cell 'backprojections' play a potentially important role in the sparse firing of granule cells (GCs), considered important in pattern separation. We also propose that GC axons, the mossy fibers, already known for their highly specialized structure, have a dynamic function that imparts variance - 'mossy fiber variance' - which is important to pattern separation and completion. Computational modeling is used to show that when a subset of GCs become 'dominant,' one consequence is loss of variance in the activity of mossy fiber axons and a reduction in pattern separation and completion in the model. Empirical data are then provided using an example of 'dominant' GCs - subsets of GCs that develop abnormally and have increased excitability. Notably, these abnormal GCs have been identified in animal models of disease where DG-dependent behaviors are impaired. Together these data provide insight into pattern separation and completion, and suggest that behavioral impairment could arise from dominance of a subset of GCs in the DG-CA3 network.

PMCID:4792754

PMID: 26391451

ISSN: 1095-9564

CID: 1786732

Neuroscientist. 2016:22(1):46-60.DOI: 10.1177/1073858414558065

Androgen Modulation of Hippocampal Structure and Function

Atwi, Sarah; McMahon, Dallan; Scharfman, Helen; MacLusky, Neil J

Androgens have profound effects on hippocampal structure and function, including induction of spines and spine synapses on the dendrites of CA1 pyramidal neurons, as well as alterations in long-term synaptic plasticity (LTP) and hippocampally dependent cognitive behaviors. How these effects occur remains largely unknown. Emerging evidence, however, suggests that one of the key elements in the response mechanism may be modulation of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in the mossy fiber (MF) system. In male rats, orchidectomy increases synaptic transmission and excitability in the MF pathway. Testosterone reverses these effects, suggesting that testosterone exerts tonic suppression on MF BDNF levels. These findings suggest that changes in hippocampal function resulting from declining androgen levels may reflect the outcome of responses mediated through normally balanced, but opposing, mechanisms: loss of androgen effects on the hippocampal circuitry may be compensated, at least in part, by an increase in BDNF-dependent MF plasticity.

PMCID:5002217

PMID: 25416742

ISSN: 1089-4098

CID: 1910932

Hippocampus. 2016:26(2):229-45.DOI: 10.1002/hipo.22518

Observations on hippocampal mossy cells in mink (Neovison vison) with special reference to dendrites ascending to the granular and molecular layers

Sigurd, Jan; Blackstad, B; Osen, Kirsten K; Scharfman, Helen E; Storm-Mathisen, Jon; Blackstad, Theodor W; Leergaard, Trygve B

Detailed knowledge about the neural circuitry connecting the hippocampus and entorhinal cortex is necessary to understand how this system contributes to spatial navigation and episodic memory. The two principal cell types of the dentate gyrus, mossy cells and granule cells, are interconnected in a positive feedback loop, by which mossy cells can influence information passing from the entorhinal cortex via granule cells to hippocampal pyramidal cells. Mossy cells, like CA3 pyramidal cells, are characterized by thorny excrescences on their proximal dendrites, postsynaptic to giant terminals of granule cell axons. In addition to disynaptic input from the entorhinal cortex and perforant path via granule cells, mossy cells may also receive monosynaptic input from the perforant path via special dendrites ascending to the molecular layer. We here report qualitative and quantitative descriptions of Golgi stained hippocampal mossy cells in mink, based on light microscopic observations and three-dimensional reconstructions. The main focus is on the location, branching pattern, and length of dendrites, particularly those ascending to the granular and molecular layers. In mink, the latter dendrites are more numerous than in rat, but fewer than in primates. They form on average 12% (and up to 29%) of the total dendritic length, and appear to cover the terminal field of both the lateral and medial perforant paths. In further contrast to rat, the main mossy cell dendrites in mink branch more extensively with distal dendrites encroaching upon the CA3 field. The dendritic arbors extend both along and across the septotemporal axis of the dentate gyrus, not conforming to the lamellar pattern of the hippocampus. The findings suggest that the afferent input to the mossy cells becomes more complex in species closer to primates

PMCID:5331932

PMID: 26286893

ISSN: 1098-1063

CID: 1732242

Scientific reports. 2016:6.DOI: 10.1038/srep20119

Interictal spikes during sleep are an early defect in the Tg2576 mouse model of beta-amyloid neuropathology

Kam, Korey; Duffy, Aine M; Moretto, Jillian; LaFrancois, John J; Scharfman, Helen E

It has been suggested that neuronal hyperexcitability contributes to Alzheimer's disease (AD), so we asked how hyperexcitability develops in a common mouse model of beta-amyloid neuropathology - Tg2576 mice. Using video-EEG recordings, we found synchronized, large amplitude potentials resembling interictal spikes (IIS) in epilepsy at just 5 weeks of age, long before memory impairments or beta-amyloid deposition. Seizures were not detected, but they did occur later in life, suggesting that IIS are possibly the earliest stage of hyperexcitability. Interestingly, IIS primarily occurred during rapid-eye movement (REM) sleep, which is notable because REM is associated with increased cholinergic tone and cholinergic impairments are implicated in AD. Although previous studies suggest that cholinergic antagonists would worsen pathophysiology, the muscarinic antagonist atropine reduced IIS frequency. In addition, we found IIS occurred in APP51 mice which overexpress wild type (WT)-APP, although not as uniformly or as early in life as Tg2576 mice. Taken together with results from prior studies, the data suggest that surprising and multiple mechanisms contribute to hyperexcitability. The data also suggest that IIS may be a biomarker for early detection of AD.

PMCID:4730189

PMID: 26818394

ISSN: 2045-2322

CID: 1929152

Journal of the American Heart Association. 2016:5(1):1-1.DOI:

Correction to: Impact of nonoptimal intakes of saturated, polyunsaturated, and trans fat on global burdens of coronary heart disease. [J Am Heart Assoc. (2016) 5, e002891.] Doi:10.1161/JAHA.115.002891

Wang, Q; Afshin, A; Yakoob, M Y; Singh, G M; Rehm, C D; Khatibzadeh, S; Micha, R; Shi, P; Mozaffarian, D; Ezzati, M; Fahimi, S; Wirojratana, P; Powles, J; Elmadfa, I; Rao, M; Alpert, W; Lim, S S; Engell, R E; Andrews, K G; Abbott, P A; Abdollahi, M; Abeya, Gilardon E O; Ahsan, H; Al, Nsour M A A; Al-Hooti, S N; Arambepola, C; Fernando, D N; Barennes, H; Barquera, S; Baylin, A; Becker, W; Bjerregaard, P; Bourne, L T; Capanzana, M V; Castetbon, K; Chang, H -Y; Chen, Y; Cowan, M J; Riley, L M; De, Henauw S; Ding, E L; Duante, C A; Duran, P; Barbieri, H E; Farzadfar, F; Hadziomeragic, A F; Fisberg, R M; Forsyth, S; Garriguet, D; Gaspoz, J -M; Gauci, D; Calleja, N; Ginnela, B N V; Guessous, I; Gulliford, M C; Hadden, W; Haerpfer, C; Hoffman, D J; Houshiar-Rad, A; Huybrechts, I; Hwalla, N C; Ibrahim, H M; Inoue, M; Jackson, M D; Johansson, L; Keinan-Boker, L; Kim, C -I; Koksal, E; Lee, H -J; Li, Y; Lipoeto, N I; Ma, G; Mangialavori, G L; Matsumura, Y; McGarvey, S T; Fen, C M; Monge-Rojas, R A; Musaiger, A O; Nagalla, B; Naska, A; Ocke, M C; Oltarzewski, M; Szponar, L; Orfanos, P; Ovaskainen, M -L; Tapanainen, H; Pan, W -H; Panagiotakos, D B; Pekcan, G A; Petrova, S; Piaseu, N; Pitsavos, C; Posada, L G; Sanchez-Romero, L M; Selamat, R B T; Sharma, S; Sibai, A M; Sichieri, R; Simmala, C; Steingrimsdottir, L; Swan, G; Sygnowska, E H; Templeton, R; Thanopoulou, A; Thorgeirsdottir, H; Thorsdottir, I; Trichopoulou, A; Tsugane, S; Turrini, A; Vaask, S; van, Oosterhout C; Veerman, J L; Verena, N; Waskiewicz, A; Zaghloul, S; Zajkas, G

In the article by Wang et al, "Impact of Nonoptimal Intakes of Saturated, Polyunsaturated, and Trans Fat on Global Burdens of Coronary Heart Disease," which published online January 20, 2016, and appeared in the January 2016 issue of the journal (J Am Heart Assoc. 2016;5:e002891 doi:10.1161/ JAHA.115.002891), the full list of the Global Burden of Diseases Nutrition and Chronic Diseases Expert Group (NutriCoDE) group were erroneously listed as authors in the HTML version of the article. The publisher regrets the error. The online version of the article has been updated and is available at https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=http-3A__jaha.ahajournals.org_content_5_1_&d=DwIBAg&c=j5oPpO0eBH1iio48DtsedeElZfc04rx3ExJHeIIZuCs&r=CY_mkeBghQnUPnp2mckgsNSbUXISJaiBQUhM-Uz9W58&m=c0PA3JAUpylZSO4rnZ-P4TjvLSaZEEdX_4b20fxpl2s&s=4upVOd6HE7n-5P769uAb38BCwN702U0sDswUmRPXtzo&e= e002891.
Copyright

EMBASE:613254245

ISSN: 2047-9980

CID: 4548832

Autophagy. 2016:12(2).DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2016.1147886

Erratum to: Guidelines for the use and interpretation of assays for monitoring autophagy (3rd edition) (Autophagy, 12, 1, 1-222, 10.1080/15548627.2015.1100356

Klionsky, Daniel J.; Abdelmohsen, Kotb; Abe, Akihisa; Abedin, Md Joynal; Abeliovich, Hagai; Arozena, Abraham Acevedo; Adachi, Hiroaki; Adams, Christopher M.; Adams, Peter D.; Adeli, Khosrow; Adhihetty, Peter J.; Adler, Sharon G.; Agam, Galila; Agarwal, Rajesh; Aghi, Manish K.; Agnello, Maria; Agostinis, Patrizia; Aguilar, Patricia V.; Aguirre-Ghiso, Julio; Airoldi, Edoardo M.; Ait-Si-Ali, Slimane; Akematsu, Takahiko; Akporiaye, Emmanuel T.; Al-Rubeai, Mohamed; Albaiceta, Guillermo M.; Albanese, Chris; Albani, Diego; Albert, Matthew L.; Aldudo, Jesus; AlgÃ¼l, Hana; Alirezaei, Mehrdad; Alloza, Iraide; Almasan, Alexandru; Almonte-Beceril, Maylin; Alnemri, Emad S.; Alonso, Covadonga; Altan-Bonnet, Nihal; Altieri, Dario C.; Alvarez, Silvia; Alvarez-Erviti, Lydia; Alves, Sandro; Amadoro, Giuseppina; Amano, Atsuo; Amantini, Consuelo; Ambrosio, Santiago; Amelio, Ivano; Amer, Amal O.; Amessou, Mohamed; Amon, Angelika; An, Zhenyi; Anania, Frank A.; Andersen, Stig U.; Andley, Usha P.; Andreadi, Catherine K.; Andrieu-Abadie, Nathalie; Anel, Alberto; Ann, David K.; Anoopkumar-Dukie, Shailendra; Antonioli, Manuela; Aoki, Hiroshi; Apostolova, Nadezda; Aquila, Saveria; Aquilano, Katia; Araki, Koichi; Arama, Eli; Aranda, Agustin; Araya, Jun; Arcaro, Alexandre; Arias, Esperanza; Arimoto, Hirokazu; Ariosa, Aileen R.; Armstrong, Jane L.; Arnould, Thierry; Arsov, Ivica; Asanuma, Katsuhiko; Askanas, Valerie; Asselin, Eric; Atarashi, Ryuichiro; Atherton, Sally S.; Atkin, Julie D.; Attardi, Laura D.; Auberger, Patrick; Auburger, Georg; Aurelian, Laure; Autelli, Riccardo; Avagliano, Laura; Avantaggiati, Maria Laura; Avrahami, Limor; Azad, Neelam; Awale, Suresh; Bachetti, Tiziana; Backer, Jonathan M.; Bae, Dong Hun; Bae, Jae Sung; Bae, Ok Nam; Bae, Soo Han; Baehrecke, Eric H.; Baek, Seung Hoon; Baghdiguian, Stephen; Bagniewska-Zadworna, Agnieszka; Bai, Hua; Bai, Jie; Bai, Xue Yuan; Bailly, Yannick; Balaji, Kithiganahalli Narayanaswamy; Balduini, Walter; Ballabio, Andrea; Balzan, Rena; Banerjee, Rajkumar; BÃ¡nhegyi, GÃ¡bor; Bao, Haijun; Barbeau, Benoit; Barrachina, Maria D.; Barreiro, Esther; Bartel, Bonnie; BartolomÃ©, Alberto; Bassham, Diane C.; Bassi, Maria Teresa; Bast, Robert C.; Basu, Alakananda; Batista, Maria Teresa; Batoko, Henri; Battino, Maurizio; Bauckman, Kyle; Baumgarner, Bradley L.; Bayer, K. Ulrich; Beale, Rupert; Beaulieu, Jean FranÃ§ois; Beck, George R.; Becker, Christoph; Beckham, J. David; BÃ©dard, Pierre AndrÃ©; Bednarski, Patrick J.; Begley, Thomas J.; Behl, Christian; Behrends, Christian; Behrens, Georg M.N.; Behrns, Kevin E.; Bejarano, Eloy; Belaid, Amine; Belleudi, Francesca; BÃ©nard, Giovanni; Berchem, Guy; Bergamaschi, Daniele; Bergami, Matteo; Berkhout, Ben; Berliocchi, Laura; Bernard, AmÃ©lie; Bernard, Monique; Bernassola, Francesca; Bertolotti, Anne; Bess, Amanda S.; Besteiro, SÃ©bastien; Bettuzzi, Saverio; Bhalla, Savita; Bhattacharyya, Shalmoli; Bhutia, Sujit K.; Biagosch, Caroline; Bianchi, Michele Wolfe; Biard-Piechaczyk, Martine; Billes, Viktor; Bincoletto, Claudia; Bingol, Baris; Bird, Sara W.; Bitoun, Marc; Bjedov, Ivana; Blackstone, Craig; Blanc, Lionel; Blanco, Guillermo A.; Blomhoff, Heidi Kiil; Boada-Romero, Emilio; Bockler, Stefan; Boes, Marianne; Boesze-Battaglia, Kathleen; Boise, Lawrence H.; Bolino, Alessandra; Boman, Andrea; Bonaldo, Paolo; Bordi, Matteo; Bosch, JÃ¼rgen; Botana, Luis M.; Botti, Joelle; Bou, German; BouchÃ©, Marina; Bouchecareilh, Marion; Boucher, Marie JosÃ©e; Boulton, Michael E.; Bouret, Sebastien G.; Boya, Patricia; Boyer-Guittaut, MichaÃ«l; Bozhkov, Peter V.; Brady, Nathan; Braga, Vania M.M.; Brancolini, Claudio; Braus, Gerhard H.; Bravosan-Pedro, JosÃ© M.; Brennan, Lisa A.; Bresnick, Emery H.; Brest, Patrick; Bridges, Dave; Bringer, Marie AgnÃ¨s; Brini, Marisa; Brito, Glauber C.; Brodin, Bertha; Brookes, Paul S.; Brown, Eric J.; Brown, Karen; Broxmeyer, Hal E.; Bruhat, Alain; Brum, Patricia Chakur; Brumell, John H.; Brunetti-Pierri, Nicola; Bryson-Richardson, Robert J.; Buch, Shilpa; Buchan, Alastair M.; Budak, Hikmet; Bulavin, Dmitry V.; Bultman, Scott J.; Bultynck, Geert; Bumbasirevic, Vladimir; Burelle, Yan; Burke, Robert E.; Burmeister, Margit; BÃ¼tikofer, Peter; Caberlotto, Laura; Cadwell, Ken; Cahova, Monika; Cai, Dongsheng; Cai, Jingjing; Cai, Qian; Calatayud, Sara; Camougrand, Nadine; Campanella, Michelangelo; Campbell, Grant R.; Campbell, Matthew; Campello, Silvia; Candau, Robin; Caniggia, Isabella; Cantoni, Lavinia; Cao, Lizhi; Caplan, Allan B.; Caraglia, Michele; Cardinali, Claudio; Cardoso, Sandra Morais; Carew, Jennifer S.; Carleton, Laura A.; Carlin, Cathleen R.; Carloni, Silvia; Carlsson, Sven R.; Carmona-Gutierrez, Didac; Carneiro, Leticia A.M.; Carnevali, Oliana; Carra, Serena; Carrier, Alice; Carroll, Bernadette; Casas, Caty; Casas, Josefina; Cassinelli, Giuliana; Castets, Perrine; Castro-Obregon, Susana; Cavallini, Gabriella; Ceccherini, Isabella; Cecconi, Francesco; Cederbaum, Arthur I.; CeÃ±a, Valentin; Cenci, Simone; Cerella, Claudia; Cervia, Davide; Cetrullo, Silvia; Chaachouay, Hassan; Chae, Han Jung; Chagin, Andrei S.; Chai, Chee Yin; Chakrabarti, Gopal; Chamilos, Georgios; Chan, Edmond Y.W.; Chan, Matthew T.V.; Chandra, Dhyan; Chandra, Pallavi; Chang, Chih Peng; Chang, Raymond Chuen Chung; Chang, Ta Yuan; Chatham, John C.; Chatterjee, Saurabh; Chauhan, Santosh; Che, Yongsheng; Cheetham, Michael E.; Cheluvappa, Rajkumar; Chen, Chun Jung; Chen, Gang; Chen, Guang Chao; Chen, Guoqiang; Chen, Hongzhuan; Chen, Jeff W.; Chen, Jian Kang; Chen, Min; Chen, Mingzhou; Chen, Peiwen; Chen, Qi; Chen, Quan; Chen, Shang Der; Chen, Si; Chen, Steve S.L.; Chen, Wei; Chen, Wei Jung; Chen, Wen Qiang; Chen, Wenli; Chen, Xiangmei; Chen, Yau Hung; Chen, Ye Guang; Chen, Yin; Chen, Yingyu; Chen, Yongshun; Chen, Yu Jen; Chen, Yue Qin; Chen, Yujie; Chen, Zhen; Chen, Zhong; Cheng, Alan; Cheng, Christopher H.K.; Cheng, Hua; Cheong, Heesun; Cherry, Sara; Chesney, Jason; Cheung, Chun Hei Antonio; Chevet, Eric; Chi, Hsiang Cheng; Chi, Sung Gil; Chiacchiera, Fulvio; Chiang, Hui Ling; Chiarelli, Roberto; Chiariello, Mario; Chieppa, Marcello; Chin, Lih Shen; Chiong, Mario; Chiu, Gigi N.C.; Cho, Dong Hyung; Cho, Ssang Goo; Cho, William C.; Cho, Yong Yeon; Cho, Young Seok; Choi, Augustine M.K.; Choi, Eui Ju; Choi, Eun Kyoung; Choi, Jayoung; Choi, Mary E.; Choi, Seung Il; Chou, Tsui Fen; Chouaib, Salem; Choubey, Divaker; Choubey, Vinay; Chow, Kuan Chih; Chowdhury, Kamal; Chu, Charleen T.; Chuang, Tsung Hsien; Chun, Taehoon; Chung, Hyewon; Chung, Taijoon; Chung, Yuen Li; Chwae, Yong Joon; Cianfanelli, Valentina; Ciarcia, Roberto; Ciechomska, Iwona A.; Ciriolo, Maria Rosa; Cirone, Mara; Claerhout, Sofie; Clague, Michael J.; Clï¿½ ria, Joan; Clarke, Peter G.H.; Clarke, Robert; Clementi, Emilio; Cleyrat, CÃ©dric; Cnop, Miriam; Coccia, Eliana M.; Cocco, Tiziana; Codogno, Patrice; Coers, Jorn; Cohen, Ezra E.W.; Colecchia, David; Coletto, Luisa; Coll, Nuria S.; Colucci-Guyon, Emma; Comincini, Sergio; Condello, Maria; Cook, Katherine L.; Coombs, Graham H.; Cooper, Cynthia D.; Cooper, J. Mark; Coppens, Isabelle; Corasaniti, Maria Tiziana; Corazzari, Marco; Corbalan, Ramon; Corcelle-Termeau, Elisabeth; Cordero, Mario D.; Corral-Ramos, Cristina; Corti, Olga; Cossarizza, Andrea; Costelli, Paola; Costes, Safia; Cotman, Susan L.; Coto-Montes, Ana; Cottet, Sandra; Couve, Eduardo; Covey, Lori R.; Cowart, L. Ashley; Cox, Jeffery S.; Coxon, Fraser P.; Coyne, Carolyn B.; Cragg, Mark S.; Craven, Rolf J.; Crepaldi, Tiziana; Crespo, Jose L.; Criollo, Alfredo; Crippa, Valeria; Cruz, Maria Teresa; Cuervo, Ana Maria; Cuezva, Jose M.; Cui, Taixing; Cutillas, Pedro R.; Czaja, Mark J.; Czyzyk-Krzeska, Maria F.; Dagda, Ruben K.; Dahmen, Uta; Dai, Chunsun; Dai, Wenjie; Dai, Yun; Dalby, Kevin N.; Valle, Luisa Dalla; Dalmasso, Guillaume; D'amelio, Marcello; Damme, Markus; Darfeuille-Michaud, Arlette; Dargemont, Catherine; Darley-Usmar, Victor M.; Dasarathy, Srinivasan; Dasgupta, Biplab; Dash, Srikanta; Dass, Crispin R.; Davey, Hazel Marie; Davids, Lester M.; DÃ¡vila, David; Davis, Roger J.; Dawson, Ted M.; Dawson, Valina L.; Daza, Paula; de Belleroche, Jackie; de Figueiredo, Paul; de Figueiredo, Regina Celia Bressan Queiroz; de la Fuente, JosÃ©; De Martino, Luisa; De Matteis, Antonella; De Meyer, Guido R.Y.; De Milito, Angelo; De Santi, Mauro; de Souza, Wanderley; De Tata, Vincenzo; De Zio, Daniela; Debnath, Jayanta; Dechant, Reinhard; Decuypere, Jean Paul; Deegan, Shane; Dehay, Benjamin; Del Bello, Barbara; Del Re, Dominic P.; Delage-Mourroux, RÃ©gis; Delbridge, Lea M.D.; Deldicque, Louise; Delorme-Axford, Elizabeth; Deng, Yizhen; Dengjel, Joern; Denizot, Melanie; Dent, Paul; Der, Channing J.; Deretic, Vojo; Derrien, BenoÃ®t; Deutsch, Eric; Devarenne, Timothy P.; Devenish, Rodney J.; Di Bartolomeo, Sabrina; Di Daniele, Nicola; Di Domenico, Fabio; Di Nardo, Alessia; Di Paola, Simone; Di Pietro, Antonio; Di Renzo, Livia; Di Antonio, Aaron; Diaz-Araya, Guillermo; Diaz-Laviada, Ines; Diaz-Meco, Maria T.; Diaz-Nido, Javier; Dickey, Chad A.; Dickson, Robert C.; Diederich, Marc; Digard, Paul; Dikic, Ivan; Dinesh-Kumar, Savithrama P.; Ding, Chan; Ding, Wen Xing; Ding, Zufeng; Dini, Luciana; Distler, Jorg H.W.; Diwan, Abhinav; Djavaheri-Mergny, Mojgan; Dmytruk, Kostyantyn; Dobson, Renwick C.J.; Doetsch, Volker; Dokladny, Karol; Dokudovskaya, Svetlana; Donadelli, Massimo; Dong, X. Charlie; Dong, Xiaonan; Dong, Zheng; Donohue, Terrence M.; Donohue-Jr, Terrence M.; Doran, Kelly S.; D'orazi, Gabriella; Dorn, Gerald W.; Dosenko, Victor; Dridi, Sami; Drucker, Liat; Du, Jie; Du, Li Lin; Du, Lihuan; du Toit, AndrÃ©; Dua, Priyamvada; Duan, Lei; Duann, Pu; Dubey, Vikash Kumar; Duchen, Michael R.; Duchosal, Michel A.; Duez, Helene; Dugail, Isabelle; Dumit, VerÃ³nica I.; Duncan, Mara C.; Dunlop, Elaine A.; Dunn, William A.; Dupont, Nicolas; Dupuis, Luc; DurÃ¡n, Raul V.; Durcan, Thomas M.; Duvezin-Caubet, StÃ©phane; Duvvuri, Umamaheswar; Eapen, Vinay; Ebrahimi-Fakhari, Darius; Echard, Arnaud; Eckhart, Leopold; Edelstein, Charles L.; Edinger, Aimee L.; Eichinger, Ludwig; Eisenberg, Tobias; Eisenberg-Lerner, Avital; Eissa, N. Tony; El-Deiry, Wafik S.; El-Khoury, Victoria; Elazar, Zvulun; Eldar-Finkelman, Hagit; Elliott, Chris J.H.; Emanuele, Enzo; Emmenegger, Urban; Engedal, Nikolai; Engelbrecht, Anna Mart; Engelender, Simone; Enserink, Jorrit M.; Erdmann, Ralf; Erenpreisa, Jekaterina; Eri, Rajaraman; Eriksen, Jason L.; Erman, Andreja; Escalante, Ricardo; Eskelinen, Eeva Liisa; Espert, Lucile; Esteban-Martinez, Lorena; Evans, Thomas J.; Fabri, Mario; Fabrias, Gemma; Fabrizi, Cinzia; Facchiano, Antonio; FÃ¦rgeman, Nils J.; Faggioni, Alberto; Fairlie, W. Douglas; Fan, Chunhai; Fan, Daping; Fan, Jie; Fang, Shengyun; Fanto, Manolis; Fanzani, Alessandro; Farkas, Thomas; Faure, Mathias; Favier, Francois B.; Fearnhead, Howard; Federici, Massimo; Fei, Erkang; Felizardo, Tania C.; Feng, Hua; Feng, Yibin; Feng, Yuchen; Ferguson, Thomas A.; FernÃ¡ndez, Ãlvaro F.; Fernandez-Barrena, Maite G.; Fernandez-Checa, Jose C.; FernÃ¡ndez-LÃ³pez, Arsenio; Fernandez-Zapico, Martin E.; Feron, Olivier; Ferraro, Elisabetta; Ferreira-Halder, Carmen Verissima; Fesus, Laszlo; Feuer, Ralph; Fiesel, Fabienne C.; Filippi-Chiela, Eduardo C.; Filomeni, Giuseppe; Fimia, Gian Maria; Fingert, John H.; Finkbeiner, Steven; Finkel, Toren; Fiorito, Filomena; Fisher, Paul B.; Flajolet, Marc; Flamigni, Flavio; Florey, Oliver; Florio, Salvatore; Floto, R. Andres; Folini, Marco; Follo, Carlo; Fon, Edward A.; Fornai, Francesco; Fortunato, Franco; Fraldi, Alessandro; Franco, Rodrigo; Francois, Arnaud; FranÃ§ois, AurÃ©lie; Frankel, Lisa B.; Fraser, Iain D.C.; Frey, Norbert; Freyssenet, Damien G.; Frezza, Christian; Friedman, Scott L.; Frigo, Daniel E.; Fu, Dongxu; Fuentes, JosÃ© M.; Fueyo, Juan; Fujitani, Yoshio; Fujiwara, Yuuki; Fujiya, Mikihiro; Fukuda, Mitsunori; Fulda, Simone; Fusco, Carmela; Gabryel, Bozena; Gaestel, Matthias; Gailly, Philippe; Gajewska, Malgorzata; Galadari, Sehamuddin; Galili, Gad; Galindo, Inmaculada; Galindo, Maria F.; Galliciotti, Giovanna; Galluzzi, Lorenzo; Galluzzi, Luca; Galy, Vincent; Gammoh, Noor; Gandy, Sam; Ganesan, Anand K.; Ganesan, Swamynathan; Ganley, Ian G.; GannagÃ©, Monique; Gao, Fen Biao; Gao, Feng; Gao, Jian Xin; Nannig, Lorena Garcia; VÃ©scovi, Eleonora Garcia; Garcia-Macia, Marina; Garcia-Ruiz, Carmen; Garg, Abhishek D.; Garg, Pramod Kumar; Gargini, Ricardo; Gassen, Nils Christian; Gatica, DamiÃ¡n; Gatti, Evelina; Gavard, Julie; Gavathiotis, Evripidis; Ge, Liang; Ge, Pengfei; Ge, Shengfang; Gean, Po Wu; Gelmetti, Vania; Genazzani, Armando A.; Geng, Jiefei; Genschik, Pascal; Gerner, Lisa; Gestwicki, Jason E.; Gewirtz, David A.; Ghavami, Saeid; Ghigo, Eric; Ghosh, Debabrata; Giammarioli, Anna Maria; Giampieri, Francesca; Giampietri, Claudia; Giatromanolaki, Alexandra; Gibbings, Derrick J.; Gibellini, Lara; Gibson, Spencer B.; Ginet, Vanessa; Giordano, Antonio; Giorgini, Flaviano; Giovannetti, Elisa; Girardin, Stephen E.; Gispert, Suzana; Giuliano, Sandy; Gladson, Candece L.; Glavic, Alvaro; Gleave, Martin; Godefroy, Nelly; Gogal, Robert M.; Gokulan, Kuppan; Goldman, Gustavo H.; Goletti, Delia; Goligorsky, Michael S.; Gomes, Aldrin V.; Gomes, Ligia C.; Gomez, Hernando; Gomez-Manzano, Candelaria; GÃ³mez-SÃ¡nchez, RubÃ©n; GonÃ§alves, Dawit A.P.; Goncu, Ebru; Gong, Qingqiu; Gongora, CÃ©line; Gonzalez, Carlos B.; Gonzalez-Alegre, Pedro; Gonzalez-Cabo, Pilar; GonzÃ¡lez-Polo, Rosa Ana; Goping, Ing Swie; Gorbea, Carlos; Gorbunov, Nikolai V.; Goring, Daphne R.; Gorman, Adrienne M.; Gorski, Sharon M.; Goruppi, Sandro; Goto-Yamada, Shino; Gotor, Cecilia; Gottlieb, Roberta A.; Gozes, Illana; Gozuacik, Devrim; Graba, Yacine; Graef, Martin; Granato, Giovanna E.; Grant, Gary Dean; Grant, Steven; Gravina, Giovanni Luca; Green, Douglas R.; Greenhough, Alexander; Greenwood, Michael T.; Grimaldi, Benedetto; Gros, FrÃ©dÃ©ric; Grose, Charles; Groulx, Jean Francois; Gruber, Florian; Grumati, Paolo; Grune, Tilman; Guan, Jun Lin; Guan, Kun Liang; Guerra, Barbara; Guillen, Carlos; Gulshan, Kailash; Gunst, Jan; Guo, Chuanyong; Guo, Lei; Guo, Ming; Guo, Wenjie; Guo, Xu Guang; Gust, Andrea A.; Gustafsson, Ã…sa B.; Gutierrez, Elaine; Gutierrez, Maximiliano G.; Gwak, Ho Shin; Haas, Albert; Haber, James E.; Hadano, Shinji; Hagedorn, Monica; Hahn, David R.; Halayko, Andrew J.; Hamacher-Brady, Anne; Hamada, Kozo; Hamai, Ahmed; Hamann, Andrea; Hamasaki, Maho; Hamer, Isabelle; Hamid, Qutayba; Hammond, Ester M.; Han, Feng; Han, Weidong; Handa, James T.; Hanover, John A.; Hansen, Malene; Harada, Masaru; Harhaji-Trajkovic, Ljubica; Harper, J. Wade; Harrath, Abdel Halim; Harris, Adrian L.; Harris, James; Hasler, Udo; Hasselblatt, Peter; Hasui, Kazuhisa; Hawley, Robert G.; Hawley, Teresa S.; He, Congcong; He, Cynthia Y.; He, Fengtian; He, Gu; He, Rong Rong; He, Xian Hui; He, You Wen; He, Yu Ying; Heath, Joan K.; HÃ©bert, Marie JosÃ©e; Heinzen, Robert A.; Helgason, Gudmundur Vignir; Hensel, Michael; Henske, Elizabeth P.; Her, Chengtao; Herman, Paul K.; HernÃ¡ndez, Agustin; Hernandez, Carlos; HernÃ¡ndez-Tiedra, Sonia; Hetz, Claudio; Hiesinger, P. Robin; Higaki, Katsumi; Hilfiker, Sabine; Hill, Bradford G.; Hill, Joseph A.; Hill, William D.; Hino, Keisuke; Hofius, Daniel; Hofman, Paul; Hoglinger, GÃ¼nter U.; Hohfeld, Jorg; Holz, Marina K.; Hong, Yonggeun; Hood, David A.; Hoozemans, Jeroen J.M.; Hoppe, Thorsten; Hsu, Chin; Hsu, Chin Yuan; Hsu, Li Chung; Hu, Dong; Hu, Guochang; Hu, Hong Ming; Hu, Hongbo; Hu, Ming Chang; Hu, Yu Chen; Hu, Zhuo Wei; Hua, Fang; Hua, Ya; Huang, Canhua; Huang, Huey Lan; Huang, Kuo How; Huang, Kuo Yang; Huang, Shile; Huang, Shiqian; Huang, Wei Pang; Huang, Yi Ran; Huang, Yong; Huang, Yunfei; Huber, Tobias B.; Huebbe, Patricia; Huh, Won Ki; Hulmi, Juha J.; Hur, Gang Min; Hurley, James H.; Husak, Zvenyslava; Hussain, Sabah N.A.; Hussain, Salik; Hwang, Jung Jin; Hwang, Seungmin; Hwang, Thomas I.S.; Ichihara, Atsuhiro; Imai, Yuzuru; Imbriano, Carol; Inomata, Megumi; Into, Takeshi; Iovane, Valentina; Iovanna, Juan L.; Iozzo, Renato V.; Ip, Nancy Y.; Irazoqui, Javier E.; Iribarren, Pablo; Isaka, Yoshitaka; Isakovic, Aleksandra J.; Ischiropoulos, Harry; Isenberg, Jeffrey S.; Ishaq, Mohammad; Ishida, Hiroyuki; Ishii, Isao; Ishmael, Jane E.; Isidoro, Ciro; Isobe, Ken Ichi; Isono, Erika; Issazadeh-Navikas, Shohreh; Itahana, Koji; Itakura, Eisuke; Ivanov, Andrei I.; Iyer, Anand Krishnan V.; Izquierdo, JosÃ© M.; Izumi, Yotaro; Izzo, Valentina; JÃ¤Ã¤ttelÃ¤, Marja; Jaber, Nadia; Jackson, Daniel John; Jackson, William T.; Jacob, Tony George; Jacques, Thomas S.; Jagannath, Chinnaswamy; Jain, Ashish; Jana, Nihar Ranjan; Jang, Byoung Kuk; Jani, Alkesh; Janji, Bassam; Jannig, Paulo Roberto; Jansson, Patric J.; Jean, Steve; Jendrach, Marina; Jeon, Ju Hong; Jessen, Niels; Jeung, Eui Bae; Jia, Kailiang; Jia, Lijun; Jiang, Hong; Jiang, Hongchi; Jiang, Liwen; Jiang, Teng; Jiang, Xiaoyan; Jiang, Xuejun; Jiang, Ying; Jiang, Yongjun; JimÃ©nez, Alberto; Jin, Cheng; Jin, Hongchuan; Jin, Lei; Jin, Meiyan; Jin, Shengkan; Jinwal, Umesh Kumar; Jo, Eun Kyeong; Johansen, Terje; Johnson, Daniel E.; Johnson, Gail V.W.; Johnson, James D.; Jonasch, Eric; Jones, Chris; Joosten, Leo A.B.; Jordan, Joaquin; Joseph, Anna Maria; Joseph, Bertrand; Joubert, Annie M.; Ju, Dianwen; Ju, Jingfang; Juan, Hsueh Fen; Juenemann, Katrin; JuhÃ¡sz, GÃ¡bor; Jung, Hye Seung; Jung, Jae U.; Jung, Yong Keun; Jungbluth, Heinz; Justice, Matthew J.; Jutten, Barry; Kaakoush, Nadeem O.; Kaarniranta, Kai; Kaasik, Allen; Kabuta, Tomohiro; Kaeffer, Bertrand; KÃ¥gedal, Katarina; Kahana, Alon; Kajimura, Shingo; Kakhlon, Or; Kalia, Manjula; Kalvakolanu, Dhan V.; Kamada, Yoshiaki; Kambas, Konstantinos; Kaminskyy, Vitaliy O.; Kampinga, Harm H.; Kandouz, Mustapha; Kang, Chanhee; Kang, Rui; Kang, Tae Cheon; Kanki, Tomotake; Kanneganti, Thirumala Devi; Kanno, Haruo; Kanthasamy, Anumantha G.; Kantorow, Marc; Kaparakis-Liaskos, Maria; Kapuy, Orsolya; Karantza, Vassiliki; Karim, Md Razaul; Karmakar, Parimal; Kaser, Arthur; Kaushik, Susmita; Kawula, Thomas; Kaynar, A. Murat; Ke, Po Yuan; Ke, Zun Ji; Kehrl, John H.; Keller, Kate E.; Kemper, Jongsook Kim; Kenworthy, Anne K.; Kepp, Oliver; Kern, Andreas; Kesari, Santosh; Kessel, David; Ketteler, Robin; Kettelhut, Isis do Carmo; Khambu, Bilon; Khan, Muzamil Majid; Khandelwal, Vinoth K.M.; Khare, Sangeeta; Kiang, Juliann G.; Kiger, Amy A.; Kihara, Akio; Kim, Arianna L.; Kim, Cheol Hyeon; Kim, Deok Ryong; Kim, Do Hyung; Kim, Eung Kweon; Kim, Hye Young; Kim, Hyung Ryong; Kim, Jae Sung; Kim, Jeong Hun; Kim, Jin Cheon; Kim, Jin Hyoung; Kim, Kwang Woon; Kim, Michael D.; Kim, Moon Moo; Kim, Peter K.; Kim, Seong Who; Kim, Soo Youl; Kim, Yong Sun; Kim, Yonghyun; Kimchi, Adi; Kimmelman, Alec C.; Kimura, Tomonori; King, Jason S.; Kirkegaard, Karla; Kirkin, Vladimir; Kirshenbaum, Lorrie A.; Kishi, Shuji; Kitajima, Yasuo; Kitamoto, Katsuhiko; Kitaoka, Yasushi; Kitazato, Kaio; Kley, Rudolf A.; Klimecki, Walter T.; Klinkenberg, Michael; Klucken, Jochen; KnÃ¦velsrud, Helene; Knecht, Erwin; Knuppertz, Laura; Ko, Jiunn Liang; Kobayashi, Satoru; Koch, Jan C.; Koechlin-Ramonatxo, Christelle; Koenig, Ulrich; Koh, Young Ho; Kohler, Katja; Kohlwein, Sepp D.; Koike, Masato; Komatsu, Masaaki; Kominami, Eiki; Kong, Dexin; Kong, Hee Jeong; Konstantakou, Eumorphia G.; Kopp, Benjamin T.; Korcsmaros, Tamas; Korhonen, Laura; Korolchuk, Viktor I.; Koshkina, Nadya V.; Kou, Yanjun; Koukourakis, Michael I.; Koumenis, Constantinos; KovÃ¡cs, Attila L.; KovÃ¡cs, Tibor; Kovacs, Werner J.; Koya, Daisuke; Kraft, Claudine; Krainc, Dimitri; Kramer, Helmut; Kravic-Stevovic, Tamara; Krek, Wilhelm; Kretz-Remy, Carole; Krick, Roswitha; Krishnamurthy, Malathi; Kriston-Vizi, Janos; Kroemer, Guido; Kruer, Michael C.; Kruger, Rejko; Ktistakis, Nicholas T.; Kuchitsu, Kazuyuki; Kuhn, Christian; Kumar, Addanki Pratap; Kumar, Anuj; Kumar, Ashok; Kumar, Deepak; Kumar, Dhiraj; Kumar, Rakesh; Kumar, Sharad; Kundu, Mondira; Kung, Hsing Jien; Kuno, Atsushi; Kuo, Sheng Han; Kuret, Jeff; Kurz, Tino; Kwok, Terry; Kwon, Taeg Kyu; Kwon, Yong Tae; Kyrmizi, Irene; La Spada, Albert R.; Lafont, Frank; Lahm, Tim; Lakkaraju, Aparna; Lam, Truong; Lamark, Trond; Lancel, Steve; Landowski, Terry H.; Lane, Darius J.R.; Lane, Jon D.; Lanzi, Cinzia; Lapaquette, Pierre; Lapierre, Louis R.; Laporte, Jocelyn; Laukkarinen, Johanna; Laurie, Gordon W.; Lavandero, Sergio; Lavie, Lena; Lavoie, Matthew J.; Law, Betty Yuen Kwan; Law, Helen Ka Wai; Law, Kelsey B.; Layfield, Robert; Lazo, Pedro A.; Le Cam, Laurent; Le Roch, Karine G.; Le Stunff, HervÃ©; Leardkamolkarn, Vijittra; Lecuit, Marc; Lee, Byung Hoon; Lee, Che Hsin; Lee, Erinna F.; Lee, Gyun Min; Lee, He Jin; Lee, Hsinyu; Lee, Jae Keun; Lee, Jongdae; Lee, Ju Hyun; Lee, Jun Hee; Lee, Michael; Lee, Myung Shik; Lee, Patty J.; Lee, Sam W.; Lee, Seung Jae; Lee, Shiow Ju; Lee, Stella Y.; Lee, Sug Hyung; Lee, Sung Sik; Lee, Sung Joon; Lee, Sunhee; Lee, Ying Ray; Lee, Yong J.; Lee, Young H.; Leeuwenburgh, Christiaan; Lefort, Sylvain; Legouis, Renaud; Lei, Jinzhi; Lei, Qun Ying; Leib, David A.; Leibowitz, Gil; Lekli, Istvan; Lemaire, StÃ©phane D.; Lemasters, John J.; Lemberg, Marius K.; Lemoine, Antoinette; Leng, Shuilong; Lenz, Guido; Lenzi, Paola; Lerman, Lilach O.; Barbato, Daniele Lettieri; Leu, Julia I.Ju; Leung, Hing Y.; Levine, Beth; Lewis, Patrick A.; Lezoualch, Frank; Li, Chi; Li, Faqiang; Li, Feng Jun; Li, Jun; Li, Ke; Li, Lian; Li, Min; Li, Qiang; Li, Rui; Li, Sheng; Li, Wei; Li, Xiaotao; Li, Yumin; Lian, Jiqin; Liang, Chengyu; Liang, Qiangrong; Liao, Yulin; Liberal, Joana; Liberski, Pawel P.; Lie, Pearl; Lieberman, Andrew P.; Lim, Hyunjung Jade; Lim, Kah Leong; Lim, Kyu; Lima, Raquel T.; Lin, Chang Shen; Lin, Chiou Feng; Lin, Fang; Lin, Fangming; Lin, Fu Cheng; Lin, Kui; Lin, Kwang Huei; Lin, Pei Hui; Lin, Tianwei; Lin, Wan Wan; Lin, Yee Shin; Lin, Yong; Linden, Rafael; Lindholm, Dan; Lindqvist, Lisa M.; Lingor, Paul; Linkermann, Andreas; Liotta, Lance A.; Lipinski, Marta M.; Lira, Vitor A.; Lisanti, Michael P.; Liton, Paloma B.; Liu, Bo; Liu, Chong; Liu, Chun Feng; Liu, Fei; Liu, Hung Jen; Liu, Jianxun; Liu, Jing Jing; Liu, Jing Lan; Liu, Ke; Liu, Leyuan; Liu, Liang; Liu, Quentin; Liu, Rong Yu; Liu, Shiming; Liu, Shuwen; Liu, Wei; Liu, Xian De; Liu, Xiangguo; Liu, Xiao Hong; Liu, Xinfeng; Liu, Xu; Liu, Xueqin; Liu, Yang; Liu, Yule; Liu, Zexian; Liu, Zhe; Liuzzi, Juan P.; Lizard, GÃ©rard; Ljujic, Mila; Lodhi, Irfan J.; Logue, Susan E.; Lokeshwar, Bal L.; Long, Yun Chau; Lonial, Sagar; Loos, Benjamin; LÃ³pez-Otin, Carlos; LÃ³pez-Vicario, Cristina; Lorente, Mar; Lorenzi, Philip L.; LÃµrincz, PÃ©ter; Los, Marek; Lotze, Michael T.; Lovat, Penny E.; Lu, Binfeng; Lu, Bo; Lu, Jiahong; Lu, Qing; Lu, She Min; Lu, Shuyan; Lu, Yingying; Luciano, FrÃ©dÃ©ric; Luckhart, Shirley; Lucocq, John Milton; Ludovico, Paula; Lugea, Aurelia; Lukacs, Nicholas W.; Lum, Julian J.; Lund, Anders H.; Luo, Honglin; Luo, Jia; Luo, Shouqing; Luparello, Claudio; Lyons, Timothy; Ma, Jianjie; Ma, Yi; Ma, Yong; Ma, Zhenyi; Machado, Juliano; Machado-Santelli, Glaucia M.; Macian, Fernando; MacIntosh, Gustavo C.; MacKeigan, Jeffrey P.; Macleod, Kay F.; MacMicking, John D.; MacMillan-Crow, Lee Ann; Madeo, Frank; Madesh, Muniswamy; Madrigal-Matute, Julio; Maeda, Akiko; Maeda, Tatsuya; Maegawa, Gustavo; Maellaro, Emilia; Maes, Hannelore; MagariÃ±os, Marta; Maiese, Kenneth; Maiti, Tapas K.; Maiuri, Luigi; Maiuri, Maria Chiara; Maki, Carl G.; Malli, Roland; Malorni, Walter; Maloyan, Alina; Mami-Chouaib, Fathia; Man, Na; Mancias, Joseph D.; Mandelkow, Eva Maria; Mandell, Michael A.; Manfredi, Angelo A.; ManiÃ©, Serge N.; Manzoni, Claudia; Mao, Kai; Mao, Zixu; Mao, Zong Wan; Marambaud, Philippe; Marconi, Anna Maria; Marelja, Zvonimir; Marfe, Gabriella; Margeta, Marta; Margittai, Eva; Mari, Muriel; Mariani, Francesca V.; Marin, Concepcio; Marinelli, Sara; MariÃ±o, Guillermo; Markovic, Ivanka; Marquez, Rebecca; Martelli, Alberto M.; Martens, Sascha; Martin, Katie R.; Martin, Seamus J.; Martin, Shaun; Martin-Acebes, Miguel A.; Martin-Sanz, Paloma; Martinand-Mari, Camille; Martinet, Wim; Martinez, Jennifer; Martinez-Lopez, Nuria; Martinez-Outschoorn, Ubaldo; Martinez-VelÃ¡zquez, MoisÃ©s; Martinez-Vicente, Marta; Martins, Waleska Kerllen; Mashima, Hirosato; Mastrianni, James A.; Matarese, Giuseppe; Matarrese, Paola; Mateo, Roberto; Matoba, Satoaki; Matsumoto, Naomichi; Matsushita, Takehiko; Matsuura, Akira; Matsuzawa, Takeshi; Mattson, Mark P.; Matus, Soledad; Maugeri, Norma; Mauvezin, Caroline; Mayer, Andreas; Maysinger, Dusica; Mazzolini, Guillermo D.; McBrayer, Mary Kate; McCall, Kimberly; McCormick, Craig; McInerney, Gerald M.; McIver, Skye C.; McKenna, Sharon; McMahon, John J.; McNeish, Iain A.; Mechta-Grigoriou, Fatima; Medema, Jan Paul; Medina, Diego L.; Megyeri, Klara; Mehrpour, Maryam; Mehta, Jawahar L.; Mei, Yide; Meier, Ute Christiane; Meijer, Alfred J.; MelÃ©ndez, Alicia; Melino, Gerry; Melino, Sonia; de Melo, Edesio Jose Tenorio; Mena, Maria A.; Meneghini, Marc D.; Menendez, Javier A.; Menezes, Regina; Meng, Liesu; Meng, Ling Hua; Meng, Songshu; Menghini, Rossella; Menko, A. Sue; Menna-Barreto, Rubem F.S.; Menon, Manoj B.; Meraz-Rios, Marco A.; Merla, Giuseppe; Merlini, Luciano; Merlot, Angelica M.; Meryk, Andreas; Meschini, Stefania; Meyer, Joel N.; Mi, Man Tian; Miao, Chao Yu; Micale, Lucia; Michaeli, Simon; Michiels, Carine; Migliaccio, Anna Rita; Mihailidou, Anastasia Susie; Mijaljica, Dalibor; Mikoshiba, Katsuhiko; Milan, Enrico; Miller-Fleming, Leonor; Mills, Gordon B.; Mills, Ian G.; Minakaki, Georgia; Minassian, Berge A.; Ming, Xiu Fen; Minibayeva, Farida; Minina, Elena A.; Mintern, Justine D.; Minucci, Saverio; Miranda-Vizuete, Antonio; Mitchell, Claire H.; Miyamoto, Shigeki; Miyazawa, Keisuke; Mizushima, Noboru; Mnich, Katarzyna; Mograbi, Baharia; Mohseni, Simin; Moita, Luis Ferreira; Molinari, Marco; Molinari, Maurizio; MÃ¸ller, Andreas Buch; Mollereau, Bertrand; Mollinedo, Faustino; Mongillo, Marco; Monick, Martha M.; Montagnaro, Serena; Montell, Craig; Moore, Darren J.; Moore, Michael N.; Mora-Rodriguez, Rodrigo; Moreira, Paula I.; Morel, Etienne; Morelli, Maria Beatrice; Moreno, Sandra; Morgan, Michael J.; Moris, Arnaud; Moriyasu, Yuji; Morrison, Janna L.; Morrison, Lynda A.; Morselli, Eugenia; Moscat, Jorge; Moseley, Pope L.; Mostowy, Serge; Motori, Elisa; Mottet, Denis; Mottram, Jeremy C.; Moussa, Charbel E.H.; Mpakou, Vassiliki E.; Mukhtar, Hasan; Levy, Jean M.Mulcahy; Muller, Sylviane; MuÃ±oz-Moreno, Raquel; MuÃ±oz-Pinedo, Cristina; MÃ¼nz, Christian; Murphy, Maureen E.; Murray, James T.; Murthy, Aditya; Mysorekar, Indira U.; Nabi, Ivan R.; Nabissi, Massimo; Nader, Gustavo A.; Nagahara, Yukitoshi; Nagai, Yoshitaka; Nagata, Kazuhiro; Nagelkerke, Anika; Nagy, PÃ©ter; Naidu, Samisubbu R.; Nair, Sreejayan; Nakano, Hiroyasu; Nakatogawa, Hitoshi; Nanjundan, Meera; Napolitano, Gennaro; Naqvi, Naweed I.; Nardacci, Roberta; Narendra, Derek P.; Narita, Masashi; Nascimbeni, Anna Chiara; Natarajan, Ramesh; Navegantes, Luiz C.; Nawrocki, Steffan T.; Nazarko, Taras Y.; Nazarko, Volodymyr Y.; Neill, Thomas; Neri, Luca M.; Netea, Mihai G.; Netea-Maier, Romana T.; Neves, Bruno M.; Ney, Paul A.; Nezis, Ioannis P.; Nguyen, Hang T.T.; Nguyen, Huu Phuc; Nicot, Anne Sophie; Nilsen, Hilde; Nilsson, Per; Nishimura, Mikio; Nishino, Ichizo; Niso-Santano, Mireia; Niu, Hua; Nixon, Ralph A.; Njar, Vincent C.O.; Noda, Takeshi; Noegel, Angelika A.; Nolte, Elsie Magdalena; Norberg, Erik; Norga, Koenraad K.; Noureini, Sakineh Kazemi; Notomi, Shoji; Notterpek, Lucia; Nowikovsky, Karin; Nukina, Nobuyuki; NÃ¼rnberger, Thorsten; O'donnell, Valerie B.; O'donovan, Tracey; O'dwyer, Peter J.; Oehme, Ina; Oeste, Clara L.; Ogawa, Michinaga; Ogretmen, Besim; Ogura, Yuji; Oh, Young J.; Ohmuraya, Masaki; Ohshima, Takayuki; Ojha, Rani; Okamoto, Koji; Okazaki, Toshiro; Oliver, F. 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SCOPUS:85054826264

ISSN: 1554-8627

CID: 5487622

Autophagy Enhancers, are we there Yet?

Chapter by: Lu, S; Nixon, RA

in: Lysosomes: Biology, Diseases, and Therapeutics by

pp. 315-356

ISBN: 9781118645154

CID: 2567212