Searched for: person:caldas01
in-biosketch:true
Latent Class Analysis Offers Insight into the Complex Food Environments of Native American Communities: Findings from the Randomly Selected OPREVENT2 Trial Baseline Sample
Jock, Brittany Wenniserà Iostha; Bandeen Roche, Karen; Caldas, Stephanie V; Redmond, Leslie; Fleischhacker, Sheila; Gittelsohn, Joel
Native Americans (NAs) experience a high burden of obesity and diabetes, yet previous research has not holistically described the unique food environments of NA communities. The objective of this paper is to describe the subgroups and demographic characteristics related to NA household food environments. Surveys collected food getting, food assistance, and sociodemographic variables from randomly selected adults from three NA communities (n = 300) in the Midwest and Southwest. Exploratory latent class analysis (LCA) identified the appropriate number of subgroups based on indicator responses. After assigning participants to classes, demographic differences were examined using bivariate analyses. NA household food environments could be described using two subgroups ("lower" and "higher access household food environments"). The "lower access" group had significantly higher age, smaller household size, and fewer children per household than the "higher access" group, while body mass index (BMI) did not significantly vary. This is the first LCA of NA household food environments and highlights the need for approaches that characterize the complexity of these environments. Findings demonstrate that NA household food environments can be described by developing subgroups based on patterns of market and traditional food getting, and food assistance utilization. Understanding NA household food environments could identify tailored individual and community-level approaches to promoting healthy eating for NA Nations.
PMCID:7068597
PMID: 32075090
ISSN: 1660-4601
CID: 5344792
Factor Structure and Multi-Group Measurement Invariance of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Symptoms Assessed by the PCL-5
Caldas, Stephanie V.; Contractor, Ateka A.; Koh, Sara; Wang, Li
ISI:000526236100002
ISSN: 0882-2689
CID: 5344902
Exploratory examination of clinician perspectives on positive memories and post-traumatic stress disorder interventions
Contractor, Ateka A.; Caldas, Stephanie, V; Dolan, Megan; Banducci, Anne N.; Jin, Ling
ISI:000488167200001
ISSN: 1473-3145
CID: 5344892
Assessment of PTSD's E2 Criterion: Development, Pilot Testing, and Validation of the Posttrauma Risky Behaviors Questionnaire
Contractor, Ateka A; Weiss, Nicole H; Kearns, Nathan T; Caldas, Stephanie V; Dixon-Gordon, Katherine
PMCID:7989649
PMID: 33767575
ISSN: 1072-5245
CID: 5344832
Invariance of the Construct of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: A Systematic Review
Contractor, Ateka A; Caldas, Stephanie V; Dolan, Megan; Natesan, Prathiba; Weiss, Nicole H
We conducted a systematic review of studies that have evaluated invariance of the construct of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) to summarize their conclusions related to invariance/noninvariance and sources of noninvariance. In November 2017, we searched Pubmed, PSYCINFO, PILOTS Web of Science, CINAHL, Medline, and Psychological and Behavioral Science Collection for abstracts and articles with these inclusionary criteria: peer-reviewed, including DSM-IV or DSM-5 PTSD invariance as a main study aim, use of multigroup confirmatory factor analyses, and use of an independent PTSD instrument or module. In total, 45 articles out of 1,169 initially identified abstracts met inclusion criteria. Research assistants then followed Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines to complete a secondary search and independently extract data. Results indicated that DSM-IV dysphoric arousal and DSM-5 hybrid model factors demonstrated the most stability; sources of instability were some intrusion (distress to trauma cues), dysphoria/numbing (traumatic amnesia, foreshortened future, emotional numbness, detachment), and arousal (hypervigilance) items. The PTSD Checklist and PTSD Reaction Index were most often used to assess PTSD in studies investigating its invariance; however, these measures demonstrated partial conceptual equivalence of PTSD across subgroups. Instead, clinician-administered measures demonstrated more conceptual equivalence across subgroups. Age, gender, cultural/linguistic factors, and sample diversity had the least moderating effect on PTSD's symptom structure. Our review demonstrates the need to examine invariance of the PTSD construct following recommended guidelines for each empirical and clinical trial study to draw meaningful multigroup comparative conclusions.
PMID: 30942923
ISSN: 1573-6598
CID: 5344772
Positive Memories and PTSD Interventions: Examination of Clinician and Therapy Consumer Perspectives [Meeting Abstract]
Contractor, Ateka; Caldas, Stephanie; Jin, Ling; Dolan, Megan
ISI:000473714500363
ISSN: 2000-8198
CID: 5344882
Posttraumatic stress disorder and positive memories: Clinical considerations
Contractor, Ateka A; Brown, Lily A; Caldas, Stephanie V; Banducci, Anne N; Taylor, Daniel J; Armour, Cherie; Shea, M Tracie
Encoding and retrieval difficulties, and avoidance of both traumatic and positive memories, are associated with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms. However, most PTSD research and clinical work has solely examined the role of traumatic memories in the maintenance/resolution of PTSD symptoms. This review provides a comprehensive discussion of the literature on positive memories and PTSD. First, we review theories and evidence on the relations between trauma, PTSD, and memory processes (particularly positive memories). Next, we propose a conceptual model that integrates evidence from experimental and positive/memory-based intervention research and highlights hypothesized mechanisms underlying the potential effectiveness of targeting positive memories in PTSD interventions. Specifically, we discuss how targeting positive memories could (1) increase positive affect and reduce negative affect, (2) correct negative cognitions, (3) increase specificity of retrieving autobiographical memories, and (4) be effectively integrated/sequenced with and enhance the effects of trauma-focused interventions. Lastly, we suggest clinical research avenues for investigating the relations between positive memories and PTSD, to possibly alter the current PTSD intervention paradigm focused only on traumatic memories. Overall, our proposed model drawing from experimental and intervention research, and outlining potential effects of targeting positive memories to reduce PTSD severity, needs further empirical investigation.
PMID: 30025253
ISSN: 1873-7897
CID: 5344762
Empirically derived lifespan polytraumatization typologies: A systematic review
Contractor, Ateka A; Caldas, Stephanie; Fletcher, Shelley; Shea, M Tracie; Armour, Cherie
CONTEXT:Polytraumatization classes based on trauma endorsement patterns relate to distinct clinical outcomes. Person-centered approaches robustly evaluate the nature, and construct validity of polytraumatization classes. OBJECTIVE:Our review examined evidence for the nature and construct validity of lifespan polytraumatization typologies. DATA SOURCES:In September 2016, we searched Pubmed, PSYCINFO, PSYC ARTICLES, Academic Search Complete, PILPTS, Web of Science, CINAHL, Medline, PsycEXTRA, and PBSC. Search terms included "latent profile," "latent class," "latent analysis," "person-centered," "polytrauma," "polyvictimization," "traumatization," "lifetime," "cooccurring," "complex," "typology," "multidimensional," "sequential," "multiple," "subtype," "(re)victimization," "cumulative," "maltreatment," "abuse," and "stressor." Inclusionary criteria included: peer-reviewed; latent class/latent profile analyses (LCA/LPA) of lifespan polytrauma classes; adult samples of size greater than 200; only trauma types as LCA/LPA indicators; mental health correlates of typologies; and individual-level trauma assessment. Of 1,397 articles, nine met inclusion criteria. DATA EXTRACTION:Following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, research assistants completed a secondary reference search, and independently extracted data with standardized coding forms. RESULTS:Three-class (n = 5) or four-class (n = 4) solutions were found. Seven studies found a class characterized by higher trauma endorsement (high-trauma). All studies found a class characterized by lower trauma endorsement (low-trauma), and predominance of specific traumas (specific-trauma; e.g., childhood maltreatment). High-trauma versus low-trauma classes and specific-trauma versus low-trauma classes differed on mental health correlates. CONCLUSION:Evidence supports the prevalence of a high-trauma class experiencing poorer mental health, and the detrimental impact of aggregated interpersonal and other traumas. We highlight the clinical importance of addressing polytraumatization classes, and comprehensively assessing the impact of all traumas.
PMID: 29363746
ISSN: 1097-4679
CID: 5344732
"All of that's gone now" : The failure to sustain police-youth programmes in Baltimore City
Caldas, Stephanie V.; Turkel, Rachel; Nelson, Allyson; Pandey, Shristi; Wu, Yumeng; Broaddus, Elena; Beebe, Madeleine; Rivera, Gia; Winch, Peter
Extra-curricular programmes that unite police officers and youth (hereafter: "police-youth programmes") have long been recommended to ameliorate the often-strained relationship between these groups. Baltimore's history of police-youth programming includes initiating and discontinuing a variety of programmes. Researchers conducted in-depth interviews and focus group discussions among diverse stakeholders to identify barriers to sustaining police-youth programmes. Stakeholders described lack of political will, conflicting policing philosophies, and negative police-community dynamics. Participants were optimistic about the potential impact of quality programming, despite these barriers. Police-youth programmes have the capacity to improve police-youth relationships in Baltimore. Strategies to ensure sustainability and increase impact are discussed.
SCOPUS:85129438206
ISSN: 0032-258x
CID: 5449172
PTSD's factor structure and measurement invariance across subgroups with differing count of trauma types
Contractor, Ateka A; Caldas, Stephanie V; Dolan, Megan; Lagdon, Susan; Armour, Chérie
To investigate the effect of the count of traumatizing event (TE) types on post-trauma mental health, several studies have compared posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) severity between individuals experiencing one versus multiple TE types. However, the validity of these studies depends on the establishment of measurement invariance of the construct(s) of interest. The current study examined the stability of the most optimal PTSD Model symptom cluster constructs (assessed by the PTSD Checklist for DSM-5 [PCL-5]) across subgroups experiencing one versus multiple TE types. The sample included university students (n = 556) endorsing at least one TE (Stressful Life Events Screening Questionnaire). Using data from the entire sample, results suggest that the PCL-5-assessed Hybrid Model provided a significantly better fit compared to other models. Results also indicated invariance of factor loadings (metric), and intercepts (scalar) for the PCL-5-assessed Hybrid Model factors across subgroups endorsing one (n = 191) versus multiple TE types (n = 365). Our findings thus support the stability, applicability, and meaningful comparison of the PCL-assessed Hybrid Model factor structure (including subscale severity scores) across subgroups experiencing one versus multiple TE types.
PMID: 29627700
ISSN: 1872-7123
CID: 5344742