Faculty Bibliography
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Journal of the American College of Radiology : JACR. 2021:18(1 Pt B):214-218.DOI: 10.1016/j.jacr.2020.10.015
OK Boomer: Are We Oversupporting Junior Faculty and Neglecting Career Planning for Mid and Senior Rank?
PMID: 33413905
ISSN: 1558-349x
CID: 4752412
Assessing the impact of an orientation week on acclimation to radiology residency
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE:Acclimating residents to radiology residency requires attention to new responsibilities, educational material, and social cohesion. To this end, we instituted a structured orientation week for incoming residents and assessed its impact. PROCEDURES/METHODS:During the first weeks of July 2016 and 2017, first year residents attended a five day orientation free of clinical duties, consisting of didactics, hands-on training sessions, and social events. After two orientation cohorts, residents who completed orientation week, and two cohorts who had not, were given a voluntary, anonymous survey using Likert scale questions (1 [worst] to 5 [best]) regarding preparedness for responsibilities, learning, and social cohesion. Residents were asked which components were or would have been helpful. Independent samples t-tests were performed to evaluate differences between the two groups (two-tailed p < 0.05). FINDINGS/RESULTS:21/37 (57%) residents participated. Higher percentages of residents who participated in the orientation week gave scores ≥4 when asked about preparedness for rotations (70% vs. 36%), learning new material (80% vs. 36%), and class cohesiveness (90% vs. 70%). Mean scores on these questions were also higher for these residents with regards to: preparedness for new responsibilities (3.7 vs. 2.9), learning new material (3.8 vs. 2.9), and class cohesiveness (4.5 vs. 3.8), with differences approaching significance (p = 0.09-0.15). Individual components receiving most votes of ≥4 were social outings, resident lunches, didactic lectures, and PACS training. CONCLUSION/CONCLUSIONS:A weeklong orientation program free of clinical duties was valued by residents and contributed to acclimation to new responsibilities, education, and social cohesion.
PMID: 32387799
ISSN: 1873-4499
CID: 4430812
Breast Imaging in Transgender Patients: What the Radiologist Should Know
Transgender is the umbrella term for individuals whose gender identity and/or gender expression differs from their assigned sex at birth. With the rise in patients undergoing gender-affirming hormone therapy and gender-affirming surgery, it is increasingly important for radiologists to be aware of breast imaging considerations for this population. While diagnostic imaging protocols for transgender individuals are generally similar to those for cisgender women, screening guidelines are more variable. Currently, several professional and institutional guidelines have been created to address breast cancer screening in the transgender population, specifically screening mammography in transfeminine individuals who undergo hormone therapy. This article defines appropriate terminology with respect to the transgender population, reviews evidence for breast cancer risk and screening in transgender individuals, considers diagnostic breast imaging approaches, and discusses special considerations and challenges with regard to health care access and public education for these individuals. ©RSNA, 2019.
PMID: 31782932
ISSN: 1527-1323
CID: 4216262
Comparison between qualitative and quantitative assessment of background parenchymal enhancement on breast MRI
BACKGROUND: Potential clinical implications of the level of background parenchymal enhancement (BPE) on breast MRI are increasing. Currently, BPE is typically evaluated subjectively. Tests of concordance between subjective BPE assessment and computer-assisted quantified BPE have not been reported. PURPOSE OR HYPOTHESIS: To compare subjective radiologist assessment of BPE with objective quantified parenchymal enhancement (QPE). STUDY TYPE: Cross-sectional observational study. POPULATION: Between 7/24/2015 and 11/27/2015, 104 sequential patients (ages 23 - 81 years, mean 49 years) without breast cancer underwent breast MRI and were included in this study. FIELD STRENGTH/SEQUENCE: 3T; fat suppressed axial T2, axial T1, and axial fat suppressed T1 before and after intravenous contrast. ASSESSMENT: Four breast imagers graded BPE at 90 and 180 s after contrast injection on a 4-point scale (a-d). Fibroglandular tissue masks were generated using a phantom-validated segmentation algorithm, and were co-registered to pre- and postcontrast fat suppressed images to define the region of interest. QPE was calculated. STATISTICAL TESTS: Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analyses and kappa coefficients (k) were used to compare subjective BPE with QPE. RESULTS: ROC analyses indicated that subjective BPE at 90 s was best predicted by quantified QPE 50.0 = d, and at 180 s by quantified QPE 74.5 = d. Agreement between subjective BPE and QPE was slight to fair at 90 s (k = 0.20-0.36) and 180 s (k = 0.19-0.28). At higher levels of QPE, agreement between subjective BPE and QPE significantly decreased for all four radiologists at 90 s (P
PMID: 29140576
ISSN: 1522-2586
CID: 2785262
Frequency and outcomes of biopsy-proven fibroadenomas recommended for surgical excision
Our aim was to investigate the outcomes of fibroadenomas recommended for surgical excision due to large size (>2cm) or interval growth. A retrospective review of our institutional radiology database from 2007 to 2015 was performed. We identified 167 biopsy-proven fibroadenomas recommended for surgical consultation. Of these, 75 (45%) cases actually underwent excision, 7 (9%, 95% CI: 4-18%) of which were upgraded to phyllodes tumors upon histopathological examination. Our results support the current recommendation to surgically excise breast lesions diagnosed as fibroadenomas with size >2cm or with interval growth due to the considerable risk of finding phyllodes tumors.
PMID: 29258029
ISSN: 1873-4499
CID: 2885852
Ductal Carcinoma In Situ: The Whole Truth
OBJECTIVE: Ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) is a noninvasive malignant breast disease traditionally described as a precursor lesion to invasive breast cancer. With screening mammography, DCIS now accounts for approximately 20% of newly diagnosed cancer cases. DCIS is not well understood because of its heterogeneous nature. CONCLUSION: Studies have aimed to assess prognostic factors to characterize its risk of invasive potential; however, there still remains a lack of uniformity in workup and treatment. We summarize current knowledge of DCIS and the ongoing controversies.
PMID: 29045181
ISSN: 1546-3141
CID: 2743092
Metastatic carcinoid tumor to the breast: report of two cases and review of the literature
The breast is an unusual site for carcinoid metastasis. Due to increasing survival rates for carcinoid tumors, however, awareness of their rare complications is important. Carcinoid metastasis to the breast typically presents as a palpable breast mass or a mass on screening mammogram. Because imaging findings are nonspecific, the diagnosis is established through histological findings of neuroendocrine features corresponding with the known primary carcinoid pathology. Correctly distinguishing metastatic carcinoid from primary breast carcinoma is crucial to avoid more invasive procedures required for the latter. Two cases of metastatic carcinoid to the breast are presented with review of the literature.
PMID: 27907837
ISSN: 1873-4499
CID: 2329432
Clinical applicability and relevance of fibroglandular tissue segmentation on routine T1 weighted breast MRI
PURPOSE: To evaluate clinical applicability of fibroglandular tissue (FGT) segmentation on routine T1 weighted breast MRI and compare FGT quantification with radiologist assessment. METHODS: FGT was segmented on 232 breasts and quantified, and was assessed qualitatively by four breast imagers. RESULTS: FGT segmentation was successful in all 232 breasts. Agreement between radiologists and quantified FGT was moderate to substantial (kappa=0.52-0.67); lower quantified FGT was associated with disagreement between radiologists and quantified FGT (P
PMID: 27951458
ISSN: 1873-4499
CID: 2363342
Magnetic Resonance Imaging-Directed Ultrasound Imaging of Non-Mass Enhancement in the Breast: Outcomes and Frequency of Malignancy
OBJECTIVES: This study was performed to determine the frequency, predictors, and outcomes of ultrasound (US) correlates for non-mass enhancement. METHODS: From January 2005 to December 2011, a retrospective review of 5837 consecutive breast magnetic resonance imaging examinations at our institution identified 918 non-mass enhancing lesions for which follow-up or biopsy was recommended. Retrospective review of the images identified 879 of 918 lesions (96%) meeting criteria for non-mass enhancement. Patient demographics, pathologic results, and the presence of an adjacent landmark were recorded. Targeted US examinations were recommended for 331 of 879 cases (38%), and 284 of 331 women (86%) underwent US evaluations. RESULTS: The US correlate rate for non-mass enhancement was 23% (64 of 284). An adjacent landmark was significantly associated with a US correlate (P < .001). Biopsy was recommended for 43 of 64 correlates (67%). Ultrasound-guided biopsy was performed on 39 of 43 (91%); 7 of 39 (18%) were malignant. No correlate was seen for 220 of 284 lesions (77%). At magnetic resonance imaging-guided biopsy, 14 of 117 (12%) were malignancies. For all biopsied non-mass enhancements, the malignancy rate was 18% (55 of 308) and was significantly more prevalent in the setting of a known index cancer (P < .001), older age (P < .001), the presence of a landmark (P = .002), and larger lesion size (P = .019). CONCLUSIONS: Non-mass enhancement with an adjacent landmark is more likely to have a US correlate compared to non-mass enhancement without an adjacent landmark. Non-mass enhancement in the setting of a known index cancer, older age, a landmark, and larger lesion size is more likely to be malignant. However, no statistical difference was detected in the rate of malignancy between non-mass enhancement with (18%) or without (12%) a correlate. Absence of a correlate does not obviate the need to biopsy suspicious non-mass enhancement.
PMID: 28108994
ISSN: 1550-9613
CID: 2414112
Abbreviated MRI Protocols: Wave of the Future for Breast Cancer Screening
OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this article is to describe the use of abbreviated breast MRI protocols for improving access to screening for women at intermediate risk. CONCLUSION: Breast MRI is not a cost-effective modality for screening women at intermediate risk, including those with dense breast tissue as the only risk. Abbreviated breast MRI protocols have been proposed as a way of achieving efficiency and rapid throughput. Use of these abbreviated protocols may increase availability and provide women with greater access to breast MRI.
PMID: 27809564
ISSN: 1546-3141
CID: 2297392
