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Utilization of Immunotherapy in Head and Neck Cancers Pre-Food and Drug Administration Approval of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors [Meeting Abstract]

Wu, S. P. P.; Tam, M.; Gerber, N. K.; Li, Z.; Schmidt, B.; Persky, M.; Sanfilippo, N. J.; Tran, T.; Jacobson, A.; DeLacure, M.; Hu, K. S.; Persky, M.; Schreiber, D. P.; Givi, B.
ISI:000428145600179
ISSN: 0360-3016
CID: 3035562

Factors in Successful Elimination of Elective Tracheotomy in Mandibular Reconstruction With Microvascular Tissue

Lapis, Paul N; DeLacure, Mark D; Givi, Babak
Importance: Limited data exist on performing major oral cavity resections and reconstructions without elective tracheotomy. Objectives: To describe a group of patients who successfully underwent major microvascular mandibular reconstruction without an elective tracheotomy and to perform a literature review to identify commonalities between our group and the available literature to identify potential common factors that might contribute to the success of this approach. Design, Setting, and Participants: Case series with retrospective medical chart review of 15 patients who underwent fibula microvascular free flap reconstruction of mandibular defects without tracheotomy between 2000 and 2014 (the most common indication was osteoradionecrosis) conducted at a tertiary referral hospital center. Exposures: Mandibular reconstruction with fibula free flap without elective tracheotomy. Main Outcomes and Measures: Perioperative morbidity and mortality with a focus on airway management and perioperative complications. Results: The median age of 15 patients (11 males and 4 females) at the time of reconstruction was 42 years (range, 10-64 years). The indication for surgery was nonmalignant pathologic abnormalities in 8 patients (53%), osteosarcoma in 4 patients (27%), and oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma in 3 patients (20%). All patients were intubated endonasally and, excepting 1 pediatric case, were extubated the day following surgery. The fibula spanned the parasymphysis and/or symphysis in 2 patients, and was limited to the mandibular body in others (mean length, 7.6 cm [range, 4.0-15.0 cm]). The flap design was osteocutaneous in 3 patients and osseous in the rest. No patient required reintubation or tracheotomy. No complications due to endonasal intubation occurred. The average hospital length of stay was 11 days. Conclusions and Relevance: Major oral cavity resection and reconstruction with microvascular free flaps can be performed safely without elective tracheotomy in a select group of patients. Limited data exist on patient selection criteria. Further studies are needed to identify favorable factors and develop protocols for safe patient selection.
PMID: 26660711
ISSN: 2168-619x
CID: 1877792

The Effect of an Oral Care Intervention in Decreasing the Expression of Proinflammatory Cytokines in Patients Receiving Chemoradiation for Oral Cancer: A Randomized Clinical Trial [Meeting Abstract]

Sanfilippo, NJ; Vasconcelos, R; Moya, J; Malamud, D; Barber, C; Smith, BE; DeLacure, M; Kerr, R; Schmidt, B; Myssiorek, D; Corby, P
ISI:000371581900071
ISSN: 1879-355x
CID: 2056892

Changes in abundance of oral microbiota associated with oral cancer [Meeting Abstract]

Albertson, Donna G; Kuczynski, Justin; Bhattacharya, Aditi; Huey, Bing; Corby, Patricia M; Queiroz, Erica LS; Nightingale, Kira; Kerr, Alexander R; DeLacure, Mark D; Veeramachaneni, Ratna; Olshen, Adam; Schmidt, Brian L
ISI:000349910203349
ISSN: 1538-7445
CID: 1598342

Effects of exercise on swallowing and tongue strength in patients with oral and oropharyngeal cancer treated with primary radiotherapy with or without chemotherapy

Lazarus, C L; Husaini, H; Falciglia, D; Delacure, M; Branski, R C; Kraus, D; Lee, N; Ho, M; Ganz, C; Smith, B; Sanfilippo, N
Tongue strength is reduced in patients treated with chemoradiotherapy for oral/oropharyngeal cancer. Tongue strengthening protocols have resulted in improved lingual strength and swallowing in healthy individuals, as well as in patients following a neurological event. However, no studies have examined the efficacy of tongue strengthening exercises on tongue strength, swallowing, and quality of life (QOL; Head and Neck Cancer Inventory) in patients treated with chemoradiotherapy. A randomized clinical trial examined the effects of a tongue strengthening programme paired with traditional exercises vs. traditional exercises alone. Dependent variables included tongue strength, swallowing, and QOL in a group of patients with oral and oropharyngeal cancer treated with primary radiotherapy with or without chemotherapy. Differences with regard to tongue strength and oropharyngeal swallow efficiency (OPSE) were not observed within or between groups. QOL in the eating and speech domains improved following treatment in both groups. However, the experimental group demonstrated greater impairment in QOL in the social disruption domain following treatment, whereas the control group demonstrated a slight improvement in functioning. Tongue strengthening did not yield a statistically significant improvement in either tongue strength or swallowing measures in this patient cohort. Patient compliance and treatment timing may be factors underlying these outcomes.
PMID: 24332586
ISSN: 0901-5027
CID: 884082

Changes in abundance of oral microbiota associated with oral cancer

Schmidt, Brian L; Kuczynski, Justin; Bhattacharya, Aditi; Huey, Bing; Corby, Patricia M; Queiroz, Erica L S; Nightingale, Kira; Kerr, A Ross; DeLacure, Mark D; Veeramachaneni, Ratna; Olshen, Adam B; Albertson, Donna G
Individual bacteria and shifts in the composition of the microbiome have been associated with human diseases including cancer. To investigate changes in the microbiome associated with oral cancers, we profiled cancers and anatomically matched contralateral normal tissue from the same patient by sequencing 16S rDNA hypervariable region amplicons. In cancer samples from both a discovery and a subsequent confirmation cohort, abundance of Firmicutes (especially Streptococcus) and Actinobacteria (especially Rothia) was significantly decreased relative to contralateral normal samples from the same patient. Significant decreases in abundance of these phyla were observed for pre-cancers, but not when comparing samples from contralateral sites (tongue and floor of mouth) from healthy individuals. Weighted UniFrac principal coordinates analysis based on 12 taxa separated most cancers from other samples with greatest separation of node positive cases. These studies begin to develop a framework for exploiting the oral microbiome for monitoring oral cancer development, progression and recurrence.
PMCID:4041887
PMID: 24887397
ISSN: 1932-6203
CID: 1030742

Obituary: Remembering the legacy of Dr. William W. Shaw [Obituary]

Tanna, Neil; Broer, P Niclas; Allen, Robert J; Aston, Sherrell J; Baker, Daniel C; Bradley, James P; Chiu, David T W; DeLacure, Mark D; Lesavoy, Malcolm A; Levine, Jamie P; Mehrara, Babak J; Mu, Lan; McCarthy, Joseph G
PMID: 23599942
ISSN: 1529-4242
CID: 524982

Primary mucosal melanoma arising from the eustachian tube with CTLA-4, IL-17A, IL-17C, and IL-17E upregulation

Wei, Calvin; Sirikanjanapong, Sasis; Lieberman, Seth; Delacure, Mark; Martiniuk, Frank; Levis, William; Wang, Beverly Y
Primary malignant melanoma arising from the eustachian tube is extremely rare. We report the case of a 63-year-old white man who presented with a 1-month history of left-sided hearing loss and aural fullness. Flexible fiberoptic laryngoscopy detected a blue-purple mass that appeared to arise from the left lateral nasopharynx. Computed tomography demonstrated an enhancing mass arising from an orifice of the left eustachian tube. The tumor was debulked endoscopically and was confirmed to have originated in the left eustachian tube. Histologically, the tumor was made up of heavily pigmented pleomorphic spindle cells with frequent mitoses. The tumor cells were immunohistochemically positive for S-100 protein, HMB-45, Melan-A, and PNL-2. The final diagnosis was a mucosal malignant melanoma. We also performed a nested polymerase chain reaction assay for several genes of interest, including CTLA-4, IL-17A, IL-17B, IL-17C, IL-17D, IL-17E, IL-17F, PLZF, Foxp3, RORgammat, CD27, and CD70. These genes have been studied mainly in cutaneous melanomas, especially for the development of immunotherapy, but only very limited studies have been done on mucosal melanomas. Our investigation found upregulation of CTLA-4, IL-17A, IL-17C, and IL-17E. Based on our finding of CTLA-4 upregulation, it may be suggested that our patient might have had low antitumor immunity and that he might have benefited from CTLA-4 blockade. On the other hand, upregulation of IL-17A and IL-17E might reflect increased antitumor immunity, which could suggest that patients with a mucosal melanoma might benefit from immunomodulators associated with the effect of Th17. These genes also have great potential to help melanoma patients obtain tailored treatment, and they can be used as biomarkers for predicting prognosis.
PMCID:3969881
PMID: 23354891
ISSN: 0145-5613
CID: 214112

The impact of interventions on provider and treatment delays in head and neck cancer patients [Meeting Abstract]

Lai, D W; Kim, J; Marciscano, A; Buckley, S A; Schmidt, B L; Cohen, R F; Nierodzik, M L R; Myssiorek, D; DeLacure, M D; Sanfilippo, N; Seetharamu, N
Background: Diagnosis and management of squamous cell carcinoma of head and neck (SCCHN) involves a multidisciplinary approach. Navigation at a public hospital can be difficult and lead to delays. In a previous study, we reported English-speaking and employed patients having longer provider delays (Lai 2011). In July 2010, we instituted the use of patient navigators, bimonthly management conferences, and improved inter-disciplinary communication in order to improve the patient experience. Aims: 1. Study differences in "provider delay" (time between first contact with health care provider and positive biopsy) between patients in cohort A (diagnosed between 1/2007 and 6/2010) and cohort "B" (diagnosed between 7/2010 and 6/ 2011). 2. Study differences in "treatment delay" (time between biopsy and initiation of treatment) between the two cohorts. 3. Determine what factors influence delays in both cohorts. Methods: The delays of the two cohorts were compared using the student t-test. Independent t-test and chi-square tests were used to examine associations between delays and the following characteristics: language, employment, presence of partner, gender, ethnicity, age, cancer sub-site, staging, number of co-morbidities, tobacco use, and alcohol use. The likelihood ratio test was used for multivariate analysis. Results: 133 patients in cohort A and 20 patients in cohort B were evaluable. Both provider and treatment delays in cohort B (50.5 and 39.3 days, respectively) were shorter than cohort A (60.2 and 41.6 days), but this was not statistically significant. The standard deviations of both delays were lower in cohort B, pointing towards a greater consistency in this group. In cohort A, provider delay was significantly shorter (p-value=0.003) for non-English speakers than English speakers on univariate and multivariate analysis. Other trends were not observed. Conclusions: Simple interventions can reduce provider and treatment delays. Our observations suggest that these interventions can mitigate t!
EMBASE:71006512
ISSN: 0732-183x
CID: 249342

Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Oral Cavity in Nonsmoking Women: A New and Unusual Complication of Chemotherapy for Recurrent Ovarian Cancer?

Cannon, Timothy L; Lai, Dominic W; Hirsch, David; Delacure, Mark; Downey, Andrea; Kerr, Alexander R; Bannan, Michael; Andreopoulou, Eleni; Safra, Tamar; Muggia, Franco
AbstractPurpose. To describe occurrences of oral squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) in patients who had received long-term pegylated liposomal doxorubicin (PLD) for ovarian cancer.Patients and Methods. In our cohort of patients on maintenance PLD for ovarian and related mullerian epithelial malignancies, we encountered two patients with invasive SCC of the oral cavity (one of them multifocal) and one with high-grade squamous dysplasia. Review of patients at our institution receiving PLD for recurrent ovarian cancer identified three additional patients. The duration of treatment, cumulative PLD dose, human papillomavirus (HPV) positivity, BRCA status, stage at diagnosis, outcome, and other characteristics are reviewed.Results. All five cases were nonsmokers with no known risk factors for HPV and four were negative for p16 expression. Four of the patients had known BRCA mutations whereas one tested negative. Cumulative doses of PLD were >1,600 mg/m(2) given over 30-132 months. Three had SCCs staged as T1N0 oral tongue, alveolar ridge (gingival), and multifocal oral mucosa; one had a T2N0 oral tongue; and one had dysplasia. After excision, two were given radiation but recurred shortly thereafter; the others remain well and have had no further exposure to cytotoxic drugs, including PLD.Conclusion. Awareness of this possible long-term complication during PLD treatment should enhance the likelihood of early detection of oral lesions in these patients. Decisions to continue maintenance PLD after complete response of the original cancer should perhaps consider the benefits of delaying ovarian cancer recurrence versus the possible risk for a secondary cancer.
PMCID:3528386
PMID: 22622148
ISSN: 1083-7159
CID: 174216