MUST NON-IONIC CONTRAST MEDIA BE REMOVED IMMEDIATELY AFTER A RADIOGRAPHIC PROCEDURE IN IN-PATIENTS WITH END-STAGE RENAL DISEASE? [Meeting Abstract]
Wijeyakuhan, Neshathari; Htun, Wah Wah; Mandhadi, Aswini; Khillan, Rajnish; Zedan, Dena; Fernaine, George; Pannone, John B.
ISI:000302117500302
ISSN: 0272-6386
CID: 3210112
Treatment and pathogenesis of acute hyperkalemia
Mushiyakh, Yelena; Dangaria, Harsh; Qavi, Shahbaz; Ali, Noorjahan; Pannone, John; Tompkins, David
This article focuses on the pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, and various treatment modalities for acute hyperkalemia and presents a systematic approach to selecting a treatment strategy. Hyperkalemia, a life-threatening condition caused by extracellular potassium shift or decreased renal potassium excretion, usually presents with non-specific symptoms. Early recognition of moderate to severe hyperkalemia is vital in preventing fatal cardiac arrhythmias and muscle paralysis. Management of hyperkalemia includes the elimination of reversible causes (diet, medications), rapidly acting therapies that shift potassium into cells and block the cardiac membrane effects of hyperkalemia, and measures to facilitate removal of potassium from the body (saline diuresis, oral binding resins, and hemodialysis). Hyperkalemia with potassium level more than 6.5 mEq/L or EKG changes is a medical emergency and should be treated accordingly. Treatment should be started with calcium gluconate to stabilize cardiomyocyte membranes, followed by insulin injection, and b-agonists administration. Hemodialysis remains the most reliable method to remove potassium from the body and should be used in cases refractory to medical treatment. Prompt detection and proper treatment are crucial in preventing lethal outcomes.
PMCID:3714047
PMID: 23882341
ISSN: 2000-9666
CID: 1896022