Searched for: person:stiffj01
in-biosketch:true
The Treatment of Co-Occurring Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder and Substance Use Disorders
Chapter by: Stiffler, J David; Hennessy, Grace
in: Co-occurring mental illness and substance use disorders : a guide to diagnosis and treatment by Avery, Jonathan D; Barnhill, John W (Eds)
Arlington, VA : American Psychiatric Association Publishing, [2018]
pp. 49-68
ISBN: 9781615371594
CID: 3696792
Twelve-step programs and spirituality
Chapter by: Stiffler, J David; Deringer, Emily
in: Pocket guide to addiction assessment and treatment by Levounis, Petros; Zerbo, Erin; Aggarwal, Rashi [Eds]
Arlington, VA : American Psychiatric Association Publishing, [2016]
pp. 297-308
ISBN: 1585625124
CID: 2594382
Ayahuasca: From the Amazon to a city near you
Stiffler, J David
PMID: 30516333
ISSN: 1521-0391
CID: 3696782
Life Stressors and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder in a Seriously Mentally Ill Jail Population
Gosein, Varendra J; Stiffler, Jon D; Frascoia, Alan; Ford, Elizabeth B
Inmates represent a vulnerable population with increased rates of trauma and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). However, little is known about the rates of trauma and PTSD among male inmates with acute psychiatric illness. This prospective, randomized study was conducted to assess the current rates of trauma and PTSD in this population. The sample consisted of 48 patients admitted to a hospital jail psychiatry service in New York City. Subjects were administered the Life Stressor Checklist-Revised and the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV-TR Disorders, PTSD Module (SCID-I). The rate of PTSD diagnosis via SCID-I was 46.2% as compared to 2.1% diagnosis via clinical interview. All participants reported a history of at least one stressful and/or traumatic event, and many of these events occurred during incarceration. These results demonstrate that a great deal of trauma and PTSD goes unrecognized and untreated in this population, indicating the need for more effective treatment interventions.
PMID: 26280105
ISSN: 1556-4029
CID: 1732182
Effects of recovery sleep after one work week of mild sleep restriction on interleukin-6 and cortisol secretion and daytime sleepiness and performance
Pejovic, Slobodanka; Basta, Maria; Vgontzas, Alexandros N; Kritikou, Ilia; Shaffer, Michele L; Tsaoussoglou, Marina; Stiffler, David; Stefanakis, Zacharias; Bixler, Edward O; Chrousos, George P
One workweek of mild sleep restriction adversely impacts sleepiness, performance, and proinflammatory cytokines. Many individuals try to overcome these adverse effects by extending their sleep on weekends. To assess whether extended recovery sleep reverses the effects of mild sleep restriction on sleepiness/alertness, inflammation, and stress hormones, 30 healthy young men and women (mean age +/- SD, 24.7 +/- 3.5 yr; mean body mass index +/- SD, 23.6 +/- 2.4 kg/m(2)) participated in a sleep laboratory experiment of 13 nights [4 baseline nights (8 h/night), followed by 6 sleep restriction nights (6 h/night) and 3 recovery nights (10 h/night)]. Twenty-four-hour profiles of circulating IL-6 and cortisol, objective and subjective daytime sleepiness (Multiple Sleep Latency Test and Stanford Sleepiness Scale), and performance (Psychomotor Vigilance Task) were assessed on days 4 (baseline), 10 (after 1 wk of sleep restriction), and 13 (after 2 nights of recovery sleep). Serial 24-h IL-6 plasma levels increased significantly during sleep restriction and returned to baseline after recovery sleep. Serial 24-h cortisol levels during restriction did not change compared with baseline, but after recovery they were significantly lower. Subjective and objective sleepiness increased significantly after restriction and returned to baseline after recovery. In contrast, performance deteriorated significantly after restriction and did not improve after recovery. Extended recovery sleep over the weekend reverses the impact of one work week of mild sleep restriction on daytime sleepiness, fatigue, and IL-6 levels, reduces cortisol levels, but does not correct performance deficits. The long-term effects of a repeated sleep restriction/sleep recovery weekly cycle in humans remain unknown.
PMCID:3798707
PMID: 23941878
ISSN: 1522-1555
CID: 2604762
Focal distribution of hepatitis C virus RNA in infected livers
Stiffler, J David; Nguyen, Minhhuyen; Sohn, Ji A; Liu, Chen; Kaplan, David; Seeger, Christoph
BACKGROUND:Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a plus-strand RNA virus that replicates by amplification of genomic RNA from minus strands leading to accumulation of almost one thousand copies per cell under in vitro cell culture conditions. In contrast, HCV RNA copy numbers in livers of infected patients appear to be much lower, estimated at a few copies per cell. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS/RESULTS:To gain insights into mechanisms that control HCV replication in vivo, we analyzed HCV RNA levels as well as expression of interferon beta (IFNbeta) and several interferon stimulated genes (ISGs) from whole liver sections and micro-dissected subpopulations of hepatocytes in biopsy samples from 21 HCV-infected patients. The results showed that intrahepatic HCV RNA levels range form less than one copy per hepatocyte to a maximum of about eight. A correlation existed between viral RNA levels and IFNbeta expression, but not between viral RNA and ISG levels. Also, IFNbeta expression did not correlate with ISGs levels. Replication of HCV RNA occurred in focal areas in the liver in the presence of a general induction of ISGs. CONCLUSION/SIGNIFICANCE/CONCLUSIONS:The low average levels of HCV RNA in biopsy samples can be explained by focal distribution of infected hepatocytes. HCV replication directly induces IFNbeta, which then activates ISGs. The apparent lack of a correlation between levels of IFNbeta and ISG expression indicates that control of the innate immune response during HCV infections depends on multiple factors.
PMCID:2722721
PMID: 19688046
ISSN: 1932-6203
CID: 5705422