Faculty Bibliography

The incidence of salivary gland infections in the pediatric population is low but not infrequently seen in pediatric oral and maxillofacial surgery practices and hospital environs. With an ever increasing armamentarium of diagnostic tools and medical and surgical therapies, these patients can be managed successfully with minimum morbidity and decreased incidence of recurrences.

Eating disorders are common in girls and women. Two common eating disorders--anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa--have significant medical complications. Oral and maxillofacial surgeons must be cognizant of the signs, symptoms, and medical consequences of these disorders. The increased incidence of these diseases has implications in the surgical management the oral and maxillofacial surgery patient. A review of the literature and guidelines in the perioperative management of these surgical patients are presented in this article.

Dapsone is a leprostatic agent commonly prescribed for the management of leprosy, malaria, and the immunosuppression-induced infections of Pneumocystis carinii and Toxoplasma gondii. In susceptible patients, methemoglobinemia, a potentially life-threatening event, can occur. We report a case of dapsone-induced methemoglobinemia which was observed during general anesthesia for the management of a fractured mandible. The pathophysiology, diagnosis, and management of dapsone-induced methemoglobinemia will be discussed.

Aging in the upper third of the face manifests as rhytids and ptosis of the frontal, glabellar, and brow regions. Frown lines may occur even in younger individuals as a result of habitual or dynamic forehead muscular hyperactivity. Multiple treatment options have been advocated to address forehead rhytids and brow ptosis. This article reviews 3 of the more commonly used treatment options: collagen, botulinum toxin, and surgical forehead lifting. Additionally, an algorithm is proposed as a guideline for selecting the most appropriate option for a given condition.

Placement of endosseous implants and inferior alveolar nerve transposition is a treatment option for patients with an edentulous posterior mandible with inadequate bone height superior to the inferior alveolar canal. Complications associated with these procedures include infection, prolonged neurosensory disturbances, and/or pathologic fracture. This report presents the surgical management of a patient with a mandible fracture after inferior alveolar nerve transposition with concurrent placement of two endosseous implants.

A calcified alloplast was evaluated as a gap-filling material around implants placed immediately into fresh extraction sockets. Periodontal measurements and computed tomography scans were obtained to evaluate the clinical effectiveness of the alloplast when compared with demineralized freeze-dried bone. To determine whether this alloplast would be a suitable grafting material, 14 patients were selected to evaluate the extraction socket as a model for routine histologic confirmation of the efficacy and biocompatibility of bone substitutes. The results of this study showed the following: (1) human extraction sockets can be models for the study of bone/implant interaction; (2) the alloplast was well tolerated and demonstrated no inflammation through histologic evaluation of core biopsies; (3) the alloplast was a suitable material when used as a gap-filling graft in sockets around immediately placed implants; and (4) dental computed tomography scans and periodontal measurements around grafted implants 6 months after the procedure provide valuable clinical information about graft healing and osteointegration.