Faculty Bibliography

The stroke was believed to have been caused by a blood clot that formed in an upper chamber of Mr. [Richard M. Nixon]'s heart, broke off and, carried by the blood, lodged in an artery in the brain. The breakaway clot, known as an embolus, cut off the usual supply of oxygen and nutrients to the cells nourished by the artery. For many years, Mr. Nixon had had an irregular heartbeat, atrial fibrillation. Such abnormal rhythm facilitates formation of a blood clot and, thus, put him at risk for developing a stroke. As standard therapy to reduce that risk Mr. Nixon regularly took an anticoagulant drug, coumadin. It is clear from the limited reports about Mr. Nixon's stroke that it was devastating, one for which there was perhaps a 10 percent chance of survival. It is also clear that had he survived, Mr. Nixon would have most likely been severely impaired intellectually and physically

When stricken, [Richard M. Nixon] dropped a glass of Pellegrino water that he was holding and went to the kitchen, where the housekeeper, Heidi Retter, was preparing dinner. She helped him to a sofa and called an ambulance. Nixon was taken to New York Hospital, which, [Kim Taylor] said, Nixon chose because he and his family long had received care there. For many years, Nixon had had an irregular heartbeat, atrial fibrillation. Such abnormal rhythm facilitates formation of a blood clot and, thus, put him at risk for developing a stroke. As standard therapy to reduce that risk, Nixon regularly took an anticoagulant drug, coumadin. It is clear from the limited reports about Nixon's stroke that it was devastating, one for which there was perhaps a 10 percent chance of survival. It also is clear that had he survived, Nixon most likely would have been severely impaired intellectually and physically

Though the statement was terse in describing a further deterioration in Nixon's condition, the fact that it was made at all indicated the change was substantive. Wednesday, the hospital said it would provide no further details about Nixon's condition unless it changed significantly. In keeping with his wishes, Nixon wasn't receiving extraordinary life-support measures. The statement yesterday also said Nixon's family was at his bedside. His daughters, Tricia Nixon Cox and Julie Nixon Eisenhower, have been at the hospital most of the week. Nixon's wife, Pat, died last June of lung cancer at age 81

Though the statement was terse in describing a further deterioration in Nixon's condition, the fact that it was made at all indicated the change was substantive. Wednesday, the hospital said it would provide no further details about Nixon's condition unless it changed significantly. The statement Thursday also said that Nixon's family was at his bedside. His daughters, Tricia Nixon Cox and Julie Nixon Eisenhower, have been at the hospital most of the week. Nixon's wife, Pat, died last June of lung cancer at the age of 81. The immediate effect of the stroke Monday was to paralyse Nixon's right arm and leg, impair his speech and cause some loss of vision. But by Wednesday the stroke had also led to severe swelling of the brain, a life-threatening condition known as cerebral edema

Officials at New York Hospital-Cornell Medical Center said in a statement on Apr 21, 1994 that former President Richard M. Nixon had slipped into a deep coma and was near death. Nixon, 81, had suffered a stroke on Apr 18. In keeping with his wishes, Nixon was not receiving extraordinary life-support measures

Though the statement was terse in describing a further deterioration in Nixon's condition, the fact that it was made at all indicated the change was substantive. Wednesday, the hospital said it would provide no further details about Nixon's condition unless it changed significantly. The statement Thursday also said Nixon's family was at his bedside. His daughters, Tricia Nixon Cox and Julie Nixon Eisenhower, have been at the hospital most of the week. Nixon's wife, Pat, died in June of lung cancer at the age of 81

Photo; [Richard M. Nixon] in coma/Former President Richard Nixon slipped into a deep coma and was near death last night, three days after suffering a major stroke. In keeping with his wishes, Nixon was not receiving extraordinary life-support measures. (Photo, Page A-1) Yesterday's statement also said Nixon's family was at his bedside. His daughters, Tricia Nixon Cox and Julie Nixon Eisenhower, have been at the hospital most of the week. Nixon's wife, Pat, died last June of lung cancer at the age of 81

The statement Thursday also said that Nixon's family was at his bedside. His daughters, Tricia Nixon Cox and Julie Nixon Eisenhower, have been at the hospital most of the week. Nixon's wife, Pat, died last June of lung cancer at 81. After the stroke Monday Nixon's right arm and leg were paralyzed, his speech was impaired and he lost some vision. But by Wednesday the stroke had also led to severe swelling of the brain, a life-threatening condition known as cerebral edema. A stroke causes brain swelling when damaged arteries begin to break down and fluid leaks into the brain tissue. This leakage further damages cells that have already been harmed by a lack of oxygen when a stroke occurs. The amount of swelling is generally related directly to the severity of a stroke

[Richard Nixon], 81, was described as having suffered 'a big stroke' by a health worker who is involved in his care but would not allow his name to be used. The stroke paralyzed Nixon's right arm and leg, impaired his speech and caused some loss of vision. In a press conference yesterday, President Clinton said he and Mrs. Clinton were praying for Nixon's recovery, adding that Nixon had offered him 'wise counsel' on Russia and other matters in the past 15 months. Although Nixon's doctors said medical workers were able to arouse the former president yesterday morning, by afternoon he was described as drowsy. He had been reported to be agitated earlier in the day and was given a drug belonging to the benzodiazepine class, the health- care worker said, adding that the drug may have contributed to Nixon's lethargy

In the second full day after suffering a paralyzing stroke on Apr 18, 1994, former President Richard Nixon remained in critical condition on Apr 20, with swelling in his brain continuing to threaten his life