Faculty Bibliography

PURPOSE OF REVIEW/OBJECTIVE:Clinical use of immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy has revolutionized the therapeutic landscape of cancer. By activating the immune system using monoclonal anti-CTLA-4 and PD(L)-1 antibodies, remission can be induced in previously terminal cancers. However, these breakthroughs come at a price. Multiple de-novo autoimmune illnesses, termed immune-related adverse events (irAEs), have been reported with patients increasingly being referred to rheumatologists with varying diagnoses. Among these are vasculitic syndromes, which may be limited to an organ or systemic and potentially-life threatening. Relatively little is known about the prevalence, mechanisms, and phenotypes of vasculitis occurring in response to ICIs. Here, we review the literature and describe the frequency and patterns of presentation. RECENT FINDINGS/RESULTS:Vasculitis, while infrequent, has been described as an irAE in patients treated with ICI therapy with resultant morbidity and mortality. SUMMARY/CONCLUSIONS:Recognizing the risk and management of immune checkpoint inhibitor induced vasculitis in patients with cancer is important in the daily practice of rheumatology.

This paper aims to analyze the regulatory structure of nursing in Mexico through its legislation and perspectives of participant stakeholders. A case study was undertaken using qualitative and quantitative data sources, as well as from the review of official documents. The analysis included data from the sources according to the four realms proposed by the Moran & Wood (1993) model. The more advanced realm was the market entry since the state regulates entry through a license of practice. The regulation of competition is weak, showing very reduced areas of autonomous practice. The labor market is offering a wide variety of entry options with clear signs of deterioration. The dominant payment mechanism is salary, showing a structure that incorporates a component that does not impact on pensions at the end of the labor cycle. The regulation of nursing is a component of its professionalization, and as such, it is understood as a multidimensional consolidating process, particularly realms related to the regulation of competition, market structure, and payment mechanisms, in which nursing representatives should play a more active role in the future.

BACKGROUND:Hyperthermia (heating to 43 °C) activates the innate immune system and improves bladder cancer chemosensitivity. OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the tissue penetration and safety of convective hyperthermia combined with intravesical mitomycin C (MMC) pharmacokinetics in live porcine bladder models using the Combat bladder recirculation system (BRS). METHODS:Forty 60 kg-female swine were anesthetized and catheterized with a 3-way, 16 F catheter. The Combat device was used to heat the bladders to a target temperature of 43 °C with recirculating intravesical MMC at doses of 40, 80, and 120 mg. Dwell-heat time varied from 30-180 min. Rapid necropsy with immediate flash freezing of tissues, blood and urine occurred. MMC concentrations were measured by liquid chromatography tandem-mass spectrometry. RESULTS:The Combat BRS system was able to achieve target range temperature (42-44 °C) in 12 mins, and this temperature was maintained as long as the device was running. Two factors increased tissue penetration of MMC in the bladder: drug concentration, and the presence of heat. In the hyperthermia arm, MMC penetration saturated at 80 mg, suggesting that with heating, drug absorption may saturate and not require higher doses to achieve the maximal biological effect. Convective hyperthermia did not increase the MMC concentration in the liver, heart, kidney, spleen, lung, and lymph node tissue even at the 120 mg dose. CONCLUSIONS:Convective bladder hyperthermia using the Combat BRS device is safe and the temperature can be maintained at 43 °C. Hyperthermia therapy may increase MMC penetration into the bladder wall but does not result in an increase of MMC levels in other organs.

Few studies have empirically examined children's symptoms during immigration detention. This study investigated the behavioral problems of detained children through their mothers' reports by interviewing 42 female immigrants from Honduras, El Salvador, and Guatemala who had been in family detention centers in Texas, using the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ). Results revealed that a majority of children (59.5%) displayed significant behavioral symptoms, with 78.6% exhibiting Emotional Problems, 50% exhibiting Conduct Problems, 45.2% exhibiting Hyperactivity, and 57.1% displaying Peer Problems. Significant correlations were observed between the child's Total Difficulties score and the mother's experience of fear for one's life during the journey to the U.S. (r = .32), and between the child's Conduct Problems and the mother's experience of violence during the same stage (r = .39). Also, the child's Emotional Problems were associated with the mother's PTSD symptoms (r = .42), and Peer Problems were associated with the mother's depression symptoms (r = .39). The high prevalence of behavioral problems in the children indicates the need for special attention in the detention process. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved)

Introduction/UNASSIGNED:Mentorship is crucial for academic success. And yet, there are few mentoring programs that address the needs of underrepresented, racially/ethnically diverse junior faculty conducting health-related research in the United States. Methods/UNASSIGNED:To expand mentoring capacity for these racially/ethnically diverse faculty, we developed a Peer Mentor Development Program (PMDP) to prepare near-peers, who have similar characteristics and personal experiences, to provide support to participants in an NIH-PRIDE funded Institute. The PMDP program is designed based on the 8-year experience of the Mentor Development Program of the NYU-Health and Hospitals Clinical Translational Science Institute. Annually, up to six alumni are selected into the PMDP, participate in the 12-hour program over 4 days, are paired with 1 to 3 scholar participants to mentor and join monthly PMDP conference calls during the ensuing year. Results/UNASSIGNED:We describe the program, participant experience and lessons learned from our first 18 peer mentors in three PMDP cohorts. Additionally, all 18 peer mentors completed a post-evaluation survey to assess the program. Overall, peers agreed that participating in the PMDP enhanced most of the specific skills targeted. Participants rated 53%-86% of skills as "more than before" participating in PMDP, demonstrating the appreciation and impact of the program. Conclusions/UNASSIGNED:The PMDP may be a model for higher education and academic medicine programs committed to mentoring and retaining racially/ethnically diverse faculty and ultimately contributing to reducing entrenched health disparities between majority and minority populations.