Faculty Bibliography

INTRODUCTION/UNASSIGNED:By 2050, the U.S. population is projected to become increasingly heterogeneous, requiring a culturally competent neuropsychology workforce equipped to serve this evolving demographic. International graduate trainees bring valuable cultural and linguistic assets to the field of clinical neuropsychology but face significant structural barriers involving restrictive immigration policies. METHODS/UNASSIGNED: = 28) levels, alongside personal narratives from four international trainees. RESULTS/UNASSIGNED:Results reveal low international trainee enrollment - particularly at the postdoctoral level - and widespread immigration-related challenges, such as limited visa sponsorship and duration, unawareness of visa-related training restrictions, and discomfort among directors in supporting visa issues. Despite the potential benefits of STEM designation for clinical and counseling psychology programs to ease visa barriers, few programs have attempted and succeeded in this process. Personal narratives also highlighted the burdensome STEM conversion process, and the role of trainee-led efforts in overcoming bureaucratic hurdles. CONCLUSIONS/UNASSIGNED:To urgently address these issues, we advocate for systemic reforms including national-level STEM reclassification of psychology programs, extended visa durations, enhanced national pipelines and institutional support for visa sponsorship, and improved education on immigration policies. These efforts align with the Multicultural Orientation (MCO) model and AACN's Relevance 2050 goals by fostering a culturally and linguistically responsive workforce equipped to meet evolving mental health needs and to ensure the continued relevance of clinical neuropsychology.

BACKGROUND:Risky sexual behaviours (RSB) and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are both major concerns among university students. However, their association remains insufficiently understood. This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between ADHD symptoms and a broad range of RSB in university students. METHODS:A total of 13 085 French students enrolled in the i-Share (Internet-based Students' Health Research Enterprise study (mean age: 20.6 years, SD=2.4) completed self-reported questionnaires assessing ADHD symptoms (Adult Self-Report Scale V.1.1), RSB, sociodemographic characteristics and alcohol and cannabis use. Logistic regression models were used to examine the cross-sectional associations between ADHD symptoms and RSB, adjusting for relevant confounders. RESULTS:A high level of ADHD symptoms was observed in 5.3% of students. In multivariate models, ADHD symptoms were associated with a wide range of RSB, including early first sexual intercourse (adjusted OR (aOR) 1.26; 95% CI 1.06 to 1.51), inconsistent condom use in the last 12 months (aOR 1.26; 95% CI 1.05 to 1.51), diagnosis of a sexually transmitted infection in the last 12 months (aOR 1.60; 95% CI 1.16 to 2.22) and having had multiple sexual partners in the last 12 months (adjusted incidence rate ratio 1.20; 95% CI 1.14 to 1.27). Among female students, ADHD symptoms were associated with lower current use of any form of contraception (aOR 0.59; 95% CI 0.48 to 0.71), and higher odds of having ever used emergency contraception (aOR 1.22; 95% CI 1.02 to 1.47), and having ever had an abortion (aOR 1.77; 95% CI 1.21 to 2.58). CONCLUSIONS:University students with a high level of ADHD symptoms are at increased risk of engaging in a wide range of RSB. Targeted preventive strategies may be particularly beneficial for this population.

OBJECTIVE/UNASSIGNED:To examine pharmacotherapy and psychotherapy treatment recommendations among different races and socioeconomic groups of young children. A secondary objective evaluated whether changes in the 2007 American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry (AACAP) guidelines for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) treatment affected community prescribing practices. Hypotheses were that non-White children would be less likely to have psychotherapeutic treatments recommended for mental health issues and children with lower socioeconomic status index scores would be less likely to receive a psychotropic medication prescription. METHOD/UNASSIGNED:test and logistic regression models. RESULTS/UNASSIGNED:= .03). CONCLUSION/UNASSIGNED:Children's socioeconomic status, race/ethnicity, and insurance did not affect treatment recommendations of clinicians. However, children whose first prescription of psychotropic medication was from a primary care physician or pediatrician were less likely to have a recommendation for psychotherapy compared with children who were seen by psychiatrists. DIVERSITY & INCLUSION STATEMENT/UNASSIGNED:One or more of the authors of this paper self-identifies as a member of one or more historically underrepresented racial and/or ethnic groups in science. One or more of the authors of this paper self-identifies as a member of one or more historically underrepresented sexual and/or gender groups in science. We actively worked to promote sex and gender balance in our author group.

INTRODUCTION/UNASSIGNED:Over recent decades, research has identified both overlapping and distinct characteristics, risk factors, and genetic as well as neurobiological correlates associated with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). This expanding body of evidence is increasingly informing the clinical management of individuals with comorbid ADHD and ASD. AREAS COVERED/UNASSIGNED:Based on a targeted PubMed search conducted up to March 24,2025,24.03.25, prioritizing meta-analyses or umbrella reviews over primary studies (whenever relevant), with terms encompassing autism, assessment, and treatment, this review addresses: 1) Shared and distinct phenotypic characteristics, neuropsychological features, and genetic and neuroimaging correlates of ADHD and ASD; 2) The assessment of individuals presenting with both ASD and ADHD symptoms; 3) Pharmacological and non-pharmacological strategies for the management for individuals with comorbid ASD and ADHD. EXPERT OPINION/UNASSIGNED:The comorbidity of ADHD and ASD should not be overlooked. Nevertheless, before diagnosing comorbid ASD and ADHD, clinicians should perform a thorough differential diagnosis, ensuring that ADHD symptoms are not better explained by ASD. Regarding treatment, further research is warranted to develop personalized approaches, support long-term management strategies, and evaluate real-world outcomes such as quality of life, which are often underrepresented in clinical trials.

Recent medical advances are allowing more youth with neuromuscular disorders to live into adulthood, thus increasing the necessity to transition youth from pediatric to adult medical care. Examining salient factors and processes for successful transition planning from pediatric to adult medical care in youth with neuromuscular disorders is a nascent field of study. The current study aims to address the key quality improvement question of identifying factors to consider when planning for transition by exploring the views of youth with neuromuscular disorders, caregivers, and providers within a multidisciplinary clinic regarding current care transition practices via quantitative and qualitative approaches. Both qualitative and quantitative results highlighted patient-endorsed importance of transition and emphasized the need for future tailored supports to facilitate gleaning skills for transition. Overall, this study offers valuable insights from patients, parents, and providers about challenges and best practices involved in transition planning for young adults with neuromuscular disorders.

INTRODUCTION/BACKGROUND:Females with disabilities have greater preconception health risks and adverse perinatal outcomes than those without disabilities. Characterization of reproductive health care utilization among females with disabilities in the United States is limited. We examined health care receipt before, during, and after pregnancy by extent of disability among U.S. females with recent live births. METHODS:This cross-sectional study used Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System data (collected 2018-2020 and analyzed in 2025) from 24 states that included the Washington Group Short Set of Questions on Disability. Participants self-reported health care visits in the year prior to pregnancy; receipt and timing of prenatal care; and receipt of a postpartum checkup. Disability was assessed as extent of difficulty (none, some, and a lot of difficulty). Associations between extent of disability and health care utilization were estimated using multivariable modified Poisson regression (adjusted prevalence ratios, aPR, and 95% confidence intervals, CI). RESULTS:trimester initiation of prenatal care, but they had a 171% (aPR=2.71, 95% CI: 1.49-4.94) and 63% (aPR=1.63, 95% CI: 1.40-1.91) higher prevalence of not having any prenatal care and not having a postpartum checkup, respectively, than females with no difficulty. CONCLUSIONS:Females with some and a lot of difficulty reported lower receipt of reproductive, prenatal, and postpartum care than those with no difficulty. Strategies are needed to establish and coordinate comprehensive reproductive health care among females with disabilities.

This dataset, Collab-CXR, provides a unique resource to study human-AI collaboration in chest X-ray interpretation. We present experimentally generated data from 227 professional radiologists who assessed 324 historical cases under varying information conditions: with and without AI assistance, and with and without clinical history. Using a custom-designed interface, we collected probabilistic assessments for 104 thoracic pathologies using a comprehensive hierarchical reporting structure. This dataset is the largest known comparison of human-AI collaborative performance to either AI or humans alone in radiology, offering assessments across an extensive range of pathologies with rich metadata on radiologist characteristics and decision-making processes. Multiple experimental designs enable both within-subject and between-subject analyses. Researchers can leverage this dataset to investigate how radiologists incorporate AI assistance, factors influencing collaborative effectiveness, and impacts on diagnostic accuracy, speed, and confidence across different cases and pathologies. By enabling rigorous study of human-AI integration in clinical workflows, this dataset can inform AI tool development, implementation strategies, and ultimately improve patient care through optimized collaboration in medical imaging.

Suicide remains a leading cause of death among US youth. The emergency department (ED) is a critical access point for identifying suicide risk and initiating interventions to reduce that risk. Key strategies include developing individualized safety plans and counseling on reducing access to lethal means. This article reviews the current evidence supporting ED safety planning for youth at risk of suicide and presents a practical framework for its delivery. It also explores strategies to enhance the implementation of safety planning and lethal means counseling, including using clinical pathways, training of staff, optimizing reimbursement, and integrating resources into the electronic medical record system. Finally, the article highlights emerging innovations aimed at improving the reach of safety plan interventions in the ED setting.

BACKGROUND:Children from migrant families with absent parents are more likely to have poorer physical and mental health than children from non-migrant families. The impact of labor migration on left-behind family members in South Asian countries is not well-known. This study aimed to examine the patterns of labor migration and its impact on the health and development of children and their caregivers in rural Nepal. METHODS:Baseline family data collected from a school-based violence prevention program were utilized. Parents/caregivers (N = 346) with school-aged children (aged 3 to 15 years attending nursery to primary grades) from the rural Arghakhanchi district of Nepal were included in the study. A series of descriptive and chi-square analyses were carried out to explore the pattern of labor migration and differences between labor-migrant and non-labor-migrant families. Multivariate linear and logistic regression analyses were applied to explore the correlates and moderators involved. RESULTS:Labor migration has been a common practice in rural Nepal, with an estimated 49% of families having parents working overseas, mostly in India (57%) and Gulf countries (39%) on low-skill labor jobs. Labor migration was significantly associated with left-behind caregivers' and children's mental health. Left-behind caregivers in father-only labor-migrant families reported higher levels of depression than did parents in non-labor migrant families and left-behind children from labor-migrant families reported greater anger than did children from non-labor migrant families. The impact of labor migration on families was moderated by social class. For low social-class father migrant families, left-behind children were at greater risk for developmental delay and behavioral problems, but there seems to be a protective effect for high social-class father migrant families (with lower risk of developmental delay and problem behaviors compared to all other groups). CONCLUSIONS:Labor migration has a substantial impact on the mental health of left-behind families and children. The impact of labor migration may vary by living social-cultural context. Understanding the complex dynamics of labor migration has important implications for local and global migration-related health service planning.