Faculty Bibliography
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Department/Unit:Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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11618
Predictors of clinical outcome following revision anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction
The underlying theme throughout this series of studies authored by the Multicenter anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) Revision Study consortium has been to determine the modifiable predictors or risk factors of long-term outcomes of revision ACL reconstruction. The observational studies described and summarized in the manuscript are both clinically relevant and of great interest in finding out the long-term consequences of the intervention and its relationship to the original injury. The successful completion of these studies has important implications for both therapy and future clinical trials. The identification of modifiable risk factors will play an important role in secondary prevention, while the identification of nonmodifiable risk factors will aid us in counseling our patients and making surgical decisions. Thus, we expect a profound clinical impact on patients' care. More importantly, this project represents an important step forward in bringing evidence to bear in clinical decision making in orthopedic surgery.
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EMBASE:2004064579
ISSN: 1554-527x
CID: 4457582
Professional development outcomes associated with interdisciplinary research: An integrative review
BACKGROUND:Interdisciplinary research among health care professionals has gained importance over the last 20 years, but little is known about its impact on career development. PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE:This study examined professional development outcomes associated with interdisciplinary research. METHODS:An integrative review was conducted using Whittmore and Knafl's framework. PubMed, Embase, PsycInfo, Web of Science, and CINAHL were searched to identify studies. FINDINGS/RESULTS:Thirteen studies were included. The majority used bibliometric analyses, finding that moderate level of interdisciplinary collaboration was associated with a greater amount and higher quality of publications. Interdisciplinary publications allocated more credit (i.e., had more authors). Interdisciplinary research proposals had less funding success than single discipline proposals. Important cultural and personal aspects of interdisciplinary research (e.g., work and communication styles, research goals) have not been assessed to date. DISCUSSION/CONCLUSIONS:Rigorous qualitative studies are needed to characterize benefits and challenges of interdisciplinary research to scholars and to institutions.
PMID: 32448512
ISSN: 1528-3968
CID: 4451442
Can COVID-19 related mental health issues be measured?: Assessment options for mental health professionals [Letter]
PMID: 32470593
ISSN: 1090-2139
CID: 4452042
COVID-19 effect on mental health: patients and workforce [Letter]
PMCID:7239628
PMID: 32445691
ISSN: 2215-0374
CID: 4451382
Post hoc Responder and Remission Analyses from Two Studies of SHP465 Mixed Amphetamine Salts Extended-Release Among Adults with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder
PMID: 32423239
ISSN: 1557-8992
CID: 4446662
The impact of childhood deprivation on adult neuropsychological functioning is associated with ADHD symptom persistence
BACKGROUND:Institutional deprivation in early childhood is associated with neuropsychological deficits in adolescence. Using 20-year follow-up data from a unique natural experiment - the large-scale adoption of children exposed to extreme deprivation in Romanian institutions in the 1980s -we examined, for the first time, whether such deficits are still present in adulthood and whether they are associated with deprivation-related symptoms of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD). METHODS:Adult neuropsychological functioning was assessed across five domains (inhibitory control, emotion recognition, decision-making, prospective memory and IQ) in 70 previously institutionalized adoptees (mean age = 25.3, 50% female) and 22 non-deprived UK adoptees (comparison group, mean age = 24.6, 41% female). ADHD and ASD symptoms were assessed using parent-completed questionnaires. RESULTS:Early institutionalization was associated with impaired performance on all tasks in adulthood. Prospective memory deficits persisted after controlling for IQ. ADHD and ASD symptoms were positively correlated. After controlling for ASD symptoms, ADHD symptoms remained associated with deficits in IQ, prospective memory, proactive inhibition, decision-making quality and emotion recognition. ASD symptoms were not independently associated with neuropsychological deficits when accounting for their overlap with ADHD symptoms. Multiple regression analysis revealed that the link between childhood deprivation and adult ADHD symptoms was statistically explained by deprivation-related differences in adult IQ and prospective memory. CONCLUSIONS:These results represent some of the most compelling evidence to date of the enduring power of early, time-limited childhood adversity to impair long-term neuropsychological functioning across the lifespan - effects that are linked specifically to deprivation-related adult ADHD symptoms.
PMID: 32419675
ISSN: 1469-8978
CID: 4443732
Pre-operative Anxiety in Pediatric Surgery Patients: Multiple Case Study Analysis with Literature Review
Pre-operative anxiety affects millions of pediatric surgery patients each year and can have both short and long-term adverse effects in the post-operative period. As a result, it is particularly important for healthcare providers and others involved in the child's care, such as the parents, to be aware of interventions that can be used to reduce the onset of pre-operative anxiety and, thus, the likelihood of negative post-operative changes. The purpose of this paper is to familiarize the reader with the issue of pre-operative anxiety through a review of the literature and analysis of case studies. First, the paper looks at the causes of pre-operative anxiety and its effect on the development of maladaptive behavioral, emotional, and physiological changes. It then discusses the ways pre-operative anxiety can be measured and current methods for reducing the post-operative adverse outcomes associated with it. After doing so, it proposes the need for additional research and the use of precision medicine by physicians.
PMID: 32424544
ISSN: 1573-6709
CID: 4444002
Affective Processing Biases in Relation to Past, Current, and Future Depression in Children and Adolescents
BACKGROUND:The affective go/no-go (AGN) task has been used to assess affective biases in attention set-shifting and deficits in inhibitory control of emotional information among depressed youth, but results have been inconsistent. We aimed to test AGN robustness and clarify temporal relationships between depressive symptoms and affective processing in youth. METHODS:We evaluated AGN performance twice (Time 1 NÂ =Â 306; Time 2 NÂ =Â 238) in relation to current, previous, and future depression in the same children/adolescents with depression and those without diagnoses who participated in the Longitudinal Assessment of Manic Symptoms (LAMS) study. Mixed repeated ANCOVAs were powered to detect small-medium group by valence interactions in response latency and errors. Supplemental regression analyses examined depressive symptoms as a continuous variable in relation to AGN performance. RESULTS:No clear pattern emerged, mirroring the broader AGN literature. In primary analyses, group by valence interactions were only observed at one AGN administration; none replicated across administrations. Similarly, in regression analyses depressive symptoms had no relation to affective processing biases/deficits at AGN Time 1, though some relationships were detected between symptoms and AGN Time 2. LIMITATIONS/CONCLUSIONS:Relatively few youth met criteria for a depressive disorder, though analyses were appropriately powered and supplemental analyses examined depressive symptoms continuously. Comparison groups were not healthy controls at recruitment but were free from any Axis I disorder at AGN administration. CONCLUSIONS:Given the inconsistency of AGN findings, attention should be focused on tasks that provide more sensitive, robust measures of emotional information processing in depressed youth.
PMID: 32421595
ISSN: 1573-2517
CID: 4442662
Corrigendum: Joint Attention and Brain Functional Connectivity in Infants and Toddlers
PMCID:7197380
PMID: 32347306
ISSN: 1460-2199
CID: 4436912
A Clinical Program for Transgender and Gender-Diverse Neurodiverse/Autistic Adolescents Developed through Community-Based Participatory Design
Objective: A series of studies report elevated rates of autism and autistic characteristics among gender-diverse youth seeking gender services. Although youth with the co-occurrence present with complex care needs, existing studies have focused on co-occurrence rates. Further, clinical commentaries have emphasized provider-centered interpretations of clinical needs rather than key stakeholder-driven clinical approaches. This study aimed to employ community-based participatory research methodologies to develop a key stakeholder-driven clinical group program.Method: Autistic/neurodiverse gender-diverse (A/ND-GD) youth (N =Â 31), parents of A/ND-GD youth (N =Â 46), A/ND-GD self-advocates (N =Â 10), and expert clinical providers (N =Â 10) participated in a multi-stage community-based participatory procedure. Needs assessment data were collected repeatedly over time from A/ND-GD youth and their parents as the youth interacted with one another through ongoing clinical groups, the curriculum of which was developed progressively through the iterative needs assessments.Results: Separate adolescent and parent needs assessments revealed key priorities for youth (e.g., the importance of connecting with other A/ND-GD youth and the benefit of experiencing a range of gender-diverse role models to make gender exploration and/or gender affirmation more concrete) and parents (e.g., the need for A/ND-related supports for their children as well as provision of an A/ND-friendly environment that fosters exploration of a range of gender expressions/options). Integration and translation of youth and parent priorities resulted in 11 novel clinical techniques for this population.Conclusions: With generally high acceptability ratings for each component of the group program, this study presents a community-driven clinical model to support broad care needs and preferences of A/ND-GD adolescents.
PMID: 32375521
ISSN: 1537-4424
CID: 4437202
