Faculty Bibliography
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Addressing Perceived Barriers to Achieving Competency in Clinical Endodontics: A Mixed-Methods Study
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVES/OBJECTIVE:The aim of this study was to assess predoctoral dental students' satisfaction with faculty-created educational content, aimed at reducing perceived barriers to achieving clinical competency in endodontics. METHODS:This mixed-methods study was conducted with third (D3)- and fourth (D4)-year dental students at New York University College of Dentistry. Focus groups were held to collect qualitative data after initial drafts of clinical instructional videos were made. Surveys were then sent to four randomized groups of D3 and D4 students to collect quantitative data regarding satisfaction with final versions of the instructional videos. RESULTS:Qualitative data indicated that D3 and D4 students valued different things when evaluating the instructional videos. D3 students were likely to express positive feedback about background information and the explanation of fundamental concepts. Alternatively, D4 students were more likely to express positive feedback about the enhanced visualization that filming through the clinical operating microscopes afforded. Both groups were adept at pointing out inconsistencies between the presented video content and their formal, didactic curriculum. Quantitative data indicated that all respondents (100%) would be willing to watch these videos if they were integrated into their dental school curriculum. Student respondents indicated relatively equal preferences between having the videos published on YouTube/social media (51%) or on an NYU-affiliated platform (49%). CONCLUSION/CONCLUSIONS:Students expressed satisfaction with faculty-created educational videos, with D3 and D4 students valuing different aspects of the content. Partnering with dental students helps ensure that created content is reflective of students' curriculum and responsive to their preferred learning styles.
PMID: 41527396
ISSN: 1930-7837
CID: 6042192
Perioperative angiotensin II receptor blockers as anti-fibrotic agents in patients undergoing primary total knee arthroplasty: A systematic review and meta-analysis
BACKGROUND/UNASSIGNED:Arthrofibrosis represents a source of patient dissatisfaction following total knee arthroplasty (TKA). The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to evaluate the efficacy of perioperative angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs) as anti-fibrotic agents in patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty (TKA). METHODS/UNASSIGNED:The Medline, Embase and Cochrane library databases were systematically reviewed using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. The outcome measures of interest were postoperative knee range of motion (ROM), rates of manipulation under anesthesia (MUA) and revision rates. RESULTS/UNASSIGNED: = 0.3349). CONCLUSION/UNASSIGNED:This systematic review and meta-analysis found that the utilization of perioperative ARBs were not associated with superior postoperative knee ROM nor lower rates of MUA in patients undergoing TKA. Additionally, no difference in revision TKA rates existed between patients in the ARB cohort compared to the control cohort. Based on the current available data, it is the author's current recommendation that perioperative ARB usage is not indicated in the setting of TKA for the prevention of arthrofibrosis. However, this analysis should be interpreted in light of the low level of evidence and under-reporting of data of the included studies. Thus, higher-level evidence, prospective, comparative studies should be conducted to definitively identify if perioperative ARBs can be utilized as effective anti-fibrotic agents in the setting of TKA.
PMCID:12719967
PMID: 41438651
ISSN: 0972-978x
CID: 6041902
Clinical efficacy and patient-reported outcomes of coconut oil as adjunctive periodontitis treatment: triple-blinded pilot randomized trial
BACKGROUND:Periodontitis is a prevalent chronic disease commonly managed with nonsurgical therapy and adjunctive antimicrobial rinses, though their side effects can hinder long-term use. Coconut oil has emerged as a potential natural alternative due to its antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory effects. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical and patient-reported outcomes of periodontal patients treated with nonsurgical therapy with or without coconut oil as an adjunctive method. METHODS:Thirty participants with stage II-III periodontitis were randomly assigned to three groups: coconut oil, 0.12% chlorhexidine, and placebo (coconut-flavored water) mouth rinse for one month, followed by nonsurgical periodontal therapy. A blinded examiner assessed the plaque index, bleeding on probing, probing pocket depth, clinical attachment level, saliva pH, tooth color, sulfur compounds in breath, and patient-reported outcomes, including the Oral Health Impact Profile-14 before starting the use of mouth rinse (T1), one month after starting the mouth rinse (T2) and one month after nonsurgical periodontal therapy (T3). RESULTS:Compared with the placebo, both coconut oil and chlorhexidine significantly reduced the plaque index at T2 (p = 0.001; p = 0.006), bleeding on probing at T2 (p = 0.001; p = 0.001) and T3 (p = 0.006; p = 0.009), probing depth at T2 (p = 0.001; p = 0.001), clinical attachment level at T2 (p = 0.001; p = 0.015) and sulfur compounds at T2(p = 0.045; p = 0.003). Compared with chlorhexidine, coconut oil was more effective at decreasing clinical attachment loss at T2 (p = 0.006). At T2, chlorhexidine was associated with increased burning sensation (p = 0.03) and color changes (p < 0.001), whereas coconut oil reduced the degree of mouth dryness perception (p < 0.001). Coconut oil and chlorhexidine improved breath perception (p = 0.003; p = 0.030). Patients preferred the placebo over coconut oil or chlorhexidine (p = 0.006; p = 0.015). The quality of life significantly improved in the coconut oil group at T2 (p = 0.024). CONCLUSIONS:Compared with placebo, coconut oil and chlorhexidine improved periodontal parameters. However, coconut oil reduces mouth dryness and improves quality of life without the adverse effects associated with chlorhexidine. Nonetheless, participants in the placebo group reported a higher preference for the mouth rinse, suggesting that taste and mouthfeel play a crucial role in patient compliance. ETHICAL APPROVAL AND TRIAL REGISTRATION:The study protocol was approved by the Comité de Ética de la Investigación con Medicamentos de Galicia (CEIm-G) under protocol number 2017/247, registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT06049589) on September 1st 2023 and conducted in compliance with the Declaration of Helsinki and Good Clinical Practice guidelines. All participants provided written informed consent before enrollment.
PMCID:13188242
PMID: 42057009
ISSN: 1472-6831
CID: 6041302
Moderating Effects of Oral Bacteria and Tooth Loss on Cognitive Performance
INTRODUCTION/BACKGROUND:The oral microbiome may influence brain health and contribute to cognitive decline. However, little evidence exists on the potential modifying role of the oral microbiome in the relationship between tooth loss and cognitive performance. This study aimed to investigate the interaction effects between tooth loss and oral dysbiotic status on cognitive performance. METHODS:Data were from the 2011-2012 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. The sample included 677 adults aged 60 to 69 y. Cognitive performance was assessed by the Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer's Disease, the Animal Fluency Test (AFT), and the Digit Symbol Substitution Test. Significant tooth loss was defined as a loss of ≥10 permanent teeth out of 28. A high dysbiotic index was defined as being in the upper tertile of the ratio of periodontal disease-associated bacteria (Treponema, Porphyromonas, and Tannerella) to healthy bacteria (Rothia and Corynebacterium). RESULTS:A multivariable linear regression model showed a significant interaction effect between tooth loss and dysbiotic index on the AFT (b = -1.87, P = 0.03), indicating that participants with a higher dysbiosis index and fewer missing teeth scored lower on the AFT. CONCLUSIONS:The effect of tooth loss on verbal fluency depends on oral bacterial imbalances: if there is significant tooth loss, bacterial imbalances may not be important. However, when fewer teeth are lost, high bacterial imbalances may account for lower verbal fluency. These findings suggest that maintaining periodontal health aimed at decreasing oral dysbiosis should be promoted among older adults in the community.Knowledge Transfer Statement:Our findings highlight the importance of preserving the health of the teeth and not just retaining the teeth. Oral health awareness and good oral hygiene practice should be further promoted among older adults in the community.
PMID: 41772405
ISSN: 2380-0852
CID: 6042132
AI Methods for Implementation Science (AIM-IS): developing a framework, toolkit, and reporting standard for the responsible use of AI in implementation practice and research
BACKGROUND:Artificial intelligence (AI), including machine learning, natural language processing, and large language models, may support implementation practice and research in tasks such as evidence synthesis, determinant assessment, strategy selection, monitoring, adaptation, and theory development. However, these applications of AI do not form a single, uniform category. They span a continuum from practice-facing applications that support local implementation work to research- and methods-facing applications that support evidence generation and synthesis. The guidance on how to classify, evaluate, and report these uses of AI remains limited. The AI Methods for Implementation Science (AIM-IS) program aims to develop, validate, and maintain a suite of products to guide the responsible use of AI across implementation practice, implementation research, and bridging use cases. METHODS:AIM-IS is a multi-phase, multi-method methodological development program. The unit of analysis is the AI-for-implementation use case: a specific AI capability supporting a defined implementation practice or research task within a workflow, decision point, and governance context. Phase 1 is a living scoping review mapping published AI use cases in implementation science, including how they are evaluated and what risks they raise. Phase 2 is a qualitative interview study with implementation researchers, practitioners, AI experts, community members, and data infrastructure and governance experts to refine use cases and identify feasibility constraints, outcome priorities, and reporting needs. Phase 3 will integrate findings from Phases 1 and 2 to develop the draft AIM-IS products, including a framework, a taxonomy of use cases, guardrails for responsible use, a practical guide, outcome domains, and reporting items. Phase 4 will use an eDelphi process and consensus meeting to refine and finalize these products. Phase 5 will conduct usability testing to improve clarity and ease of use, resulting in the finalized AIM-IS products. AIM-IS is informed by implementation science, sociotechnical systems, equity, and responsible AI frameworks, and includes a living-update approach to support ongoing refinement. DISCUSSION/CONCLUSIONS:The AIM-IS program will deliver a suite of products, including a framework, toolkit and reporting standard, to support the specification, governance, evaluation, and reporting of AI in implementation science. Together, these products aim to strengthen transparency, comparability, accountability, and attention to equity in how AI is used by implementation practitioners and researchers over time. REGISTRATION/BACKGROUND:Open Science Framework, March 15, 2026: https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/BX35K.
PMCID:13192042
PMID: 41975498
ISSN: 1748-5908
CID: 6041292
Investigating the analytical robustness of the social and behavioural sciences
The same dataset can be analysed in different justifiable ways to answer the same research question, potentially challenging the robustness of empirical science1-3. In this crowd initiative, we investigated the degree to which research findings in the social and behavioural sciences are contingent on analysts' choices. We examined a stratified random sample of 100 studies published between 2009 and 2018, in which, for one claim per study, at least five reanalysts independently reanalysed the original data. The statistical appropriateness of the reanalyses was assessed in peer evaluations, and the robustness indicators were inspected along a range of research characteristics and study designs. We found that 34% of the independent reanalyses yielded the same result (within a tolerance region of ±0.05 Cohen's d) as the original report; with a four times broader tolerance region, this indicator increased to 57%. Of the reanalyses conducted, 74% reached the same conclusion as the original investigation, 24% yielded no effects or inconclusive results and 2% reported the opposite effect. This exploratory study indicates that the common single-path analyses in social and behavioural research should not be simply assumed to be robust to alternative analyses4. Therefore, we recommend the development and use of practices to explore and communicate this neglected source of uncertainty.
PMID: 41922703
ISSN: 1476-4687
CID: 6041172
Eponyms in Dentistry - Prosthodontics [Historical Article]
This article highlights the significance of 20 dental eponyms in prosthodontics, emphasizing the enduring legacy of the individuals behind them. Each name represents a pivotal advancement and a foundational contribution to the history of dentistry and prosthodontics in particular. Understanding their lives and innovations fosters a deeper appreciation of today's clinical practice, which are built on past discoveries. As current technologies become tomorrow's historical artifacts, recognizing the evolution of the field helps contextualize modern dentistry and anticipate future directions. Honoring these pioneers is essential to preserving the continuity of knowledge and valuing the individual efforts that have shaped the profession.
PMID: 41926373
ISSN: 1089-6287
CID: 6041232
Journal of controlled release : official journal of the Controlled Release Society. 2026:395.DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2026.114955
Doxycycline release from cyclodextrin oligomer-containing collagen gels
This paper tests the hypothesis that oligomers of cyclodextrin small enough to remain soluble under aqueous conditions can be incorporated in a collagen gel during fibrillogenesis in a way that enhances prolonged release of a therapeutic. Native D-banded collagen fibril hydrogels are used as an intentionally fast-releasing matrix to examine how affinity-based interactions delay drug release. Doxycycline loading and release from a collagen hydrogel containing entrapped oligomers of γ-cyclodextrin (CD) is investigated. Mathematical modeling is used to separate the effects of the collagen matrix from the incorporated CD. Incorporating CD oligomers increased the releasable amount of doxycycline by 220% and reduced its release rate fivefold. These results demonstrate that affinity-based material design can substantially shift release kinetics even in diffusion-dominated systems. Use of this system to treat chronic peri-implantitis arising from infection and inflammation at the abutment/gingiva interface in dental implants is discussed. Current treatment strategies involve frequent administration of systemic antibiotics and collagenase inhibitors which complicates clinical management. Longer-acting local delivery, even over modest timescales, could reduce dosing frequency and reduce unwanted side effects, thus improving treatment efficacy. A localized controlled drug-release approach may offer a way to simplify this clinical management.
PMID: 42097227
ISSN: 1873-4995
CID: 6041402
Genome sequence of Bacillus subtilis NGII: a rhizobacteria from potato plants
We report the whole-genome sequence of Bacillus subtilis strain NGII isolated from the rhizospheric soil. Genomic insights deepen understanding of the strain's potential as a biostimulant in plant protection. Sequencing and assembly yielded a 4.1 Mb genome for B. subtilis NGII with an average GC content of 43.5%.
PMCID:12896268
PMID: 41459961
ISSN: 2576-098x
CID: 6042092
Oncological outcomes with and without axillary lymph node dissection in patients with residual micrometastases after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (OPBC-07/microNAC): an international, retrospective cohort study
BACKGROUND:Despite the paucity of outcome data, axillary lymph node dissection (ALND) is increasingly being omitted in patients with positive sentinel lymph nodes after neoadjuvant chemotherapy, particularly in those with low-volume residual disease. We investigated oncological outcomes in patients with breast cancer and residual micrometastases in the sentinel lymph nodes treated with or without ALND. METHODS:OPBC-07/microNAC was a retrospective cohort study, using data obtained from the institutional databases of 84 cancer centres in 30 countries. Patients aged 18 years or older with clinical T1-4, N0-3 breast cancer at diagnosis treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by surgery between Jan 1, 2013, and May 31, 2023, who were found to have residual micrometastases (metastasis measuring >0·2 mm or >200 cells, not exceeding 2·0 mm in size) on frozen section or on final paraffin sections as determined by sentinel lymph node biopsy, targeted axillary dissection (sentinel lymph node biopsy with single or dual-tracer mapping plus image-guided localisation of the initially biopsy-proven and clipped node), or the marking axillary lymph nodes with radioactive iodine seeds (MARI) procedure were eligible for inclusion. The primary endpoint was the 5-year rate of any axillary recurrence (isolated or combined with local or distant recurrence) stratified by type of axillary surgery. Given the median follow-up, here we report 3-year rates and exploratory 5-year estimates. This study was registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT06529302. FINDINGS/RESULTS:1585 female patients with ypN1mi disease were analysed, of whom 804 (50·7%) underwent ALND and 781 (49·3%) did not. Of 1585 women, 238 (15·0%) self-identified as Asian, 65 (4·1%) as Black, 200 (12·6%) as Hispanic, 968 (61·1%) as White, and 114 (7·2%) as unknown race and ethnicity. 925 (58·4%) of 1585 women had cT2 tumours, 1054 (66·5%) were node positive, and 1267 (79·9%) received nodal radiotherapy. The median follow-up was 3·1 years (IQR 1·8-5·2). The 3-year rate of any axillary recurrence (isolated or combined with local or distant recurrence) for the entire cohort was 2·0% (95% CI 1·3-2·9), with no statistical difference identified by extent of axillary surgery. However, patients with triple-negative disease who did not receive ALND had significantly higher rates of any axillary recurrence than women treated with ALND (8·7% [95% CI 4·4-15·0] vs 2·4% [95% CI 0·7-6·5], p=0·018). On multivariable analysis, triple-negative breast cancer (hazard ratio 3·83 [95% CI 1·72-8·52]) and omission of nodal radiotherapy (2·62 [1·19-5·73]) but not omission of ALND (0·86 [0·37-2·00]) were independently associated with an increased risk of any axillary recurrence. INTERPRETATION/CONCLUSIONS:Overall, these results do not support ALND for all patients with ypN1mi on sentinel lymph node biopsy treated with nodal radiotherapy; however, tumour biology should be taken into account when considering ALND omission. FUNDING/BACKGROUND:US National Institutes of Health, National Cancer Institute.
PMID: 41449148
ISSN: 1474-5488
CID: 6041722
