Faculty Bibliography
Searched for:
school:SOM
Department/Unit:Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
Total Results:
11202
The "Woundosome" Concept and Its Impact on Procedural Outcomes in Patients With Chronic Limb-Threatening Ischemia [Editorial]
PMID: 38523459
ISSN: 1545-1550
CID: 5645462
Caregiver Distress and Child Behavior Problems in Children with Developmental Delay from Predominantly Minoritized Backgrounds
IMPORTANCE/UNASSIGNED:Child behavior problems have been shown to contribute to caregiver distress and vice versa among youth with developmental delay (DD). However, studies have not examined these associations among children and caregivers from underrepresented ethnic/racial backgrounds. Furthermore, research has not explored how associations function differently following internet-delivered treatment or based on the level of acculturation and enculturation. OBJECTIVE/UNASSIGNED:We examined bidirectional associations between caregiver distress (i.e. symptoms of depression, anxiety, and stress) and externalizing and internalizing behavior problems in 3- to 5-year-old children with DD from underrepresented ethnic/racial backgrounds. We also examined the impact of internet-delivered Parent-Child Interaction Therapy (iPCIT) and the moderating role of acculturation and enculturation on these bidirectional associations. METHOD/UNASSIGNED: = 150) and their primary caregiver were randomized to receive iPCIT or referrals as usual (RAU) in the community. RESULTS/UNASSIGNED:Findings provide support for bidirectional associations between child internalizing behavior problems and caregiver depressive symptoms, although there were fewer significant associations among families randomized to iPCIT compared to RAU. Weaker associations were observed among families with higher levels of enculturation, whereas stronger associations were observed among families with higher levels of acculturation. CONCLUSIONS/UNASSIGNED:Results highlight a sensitive period from age 3.5 to 4 years old for bidirectional associations between caregiver distress and child behavior problems and highlight the importance of addressing family cultural values during treatment. Findings also suggest the utility of internet-delivered behavioral parenting interventions in weakening the effect of child behavior problems on caregiver distress and vice versa.
PMID: 38512063
ISSN: 1537-4424
CID: 5761142
LovesCompany: evaluating the safety and feasibility of a mental health-focused online community for adolescents
PMID: 38504652
ISSN: 1728-0591
CID: 5640492
Mental health treatment
[S.l.] : Nova Science Publishers, Inc., 2024
pp. 283-294
ISBN: 9798891133235
CID: 5660312
Dealing with secondary traumatic stress
[S.l.] : Nova Science Publishers, Inc., 2024
pp. 305-315
ISBN: 9798891133235
CID: 5660302
Common pitfalls, and how to avoid them, in child and adolescent psychopharmacology: Part I
As Faculty of the British Association for Psychopharmacology course on child and adolescent psychopharmacology, we present here what we deem are the most common pitfalls, and how to avoid them, in child and adolescent psychopharmacology. In this paper, we specifically addressed common pitfalls in the pharmacological treatment of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, anxiety, bipolar disorder, depression, obsessive-compulsive disorder and related disorders, and tic disorder. Pitfalls in the treatment of other disorders are addressed in a separate paper (part II).
PMID: 38494948
ISSN: 1461-7285
CID: 5640022
Common pitfalls, and how to avoid them, in child and adolescent psychopharmacology: Part II
As Faculty of the British Association for Psychopharmacology course on child and adolescent psychopharmacology, we present here what we deem are the most common pitfalls, and how to avoid them, in child and adolescent psychopharmacology. In this paper, we specifically addressed common pitfalls in the pharmacological treatment of autism and intellectual disability, eating disorders, neuropsychiatric correlates of epilepsy, and psychosis. Pitfalls in relation to the treatment of other disorders are addressed in a separate paper (Part I).
PMID: 38494873
ISSN: 1461-7285
CID: 5640002
Genome-wide association study identifies 30 obsessive-compulsive disorder associated loci
Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) affects ~1% of the population and exhibits a high SNP-heritability, yet previous genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have provided limited information on the genetic etiology and underlying biological mechanisms of the disorder. We conducted a GWAS meta-analysis combining 53,660 OCD cases and 2,044,417 controls from 28 European-ancestry cohorts revealing 30 independent genome-wide significant SNPs and a SNP-based heritability of 6.7%. Separate GWAS for clinical, biobank, comorbid, and self-report sub-groups found no evidence of sample ascertainment impacting our results. Functional and positional QTL gene-based approaches identified 249 significant candidate risk genes for OCD, of which 25 were identified as putatively causal, highlighting WDR6, DALRD3, CTNND1 and genes in the MHC region. Tissue and single-cell enrichment analyses highlighted hippocampal and cortical excitatory neurons, along with D1- and D2-type dopamine receptor-containing medium spiny neurons, as playing a role in OCD risk. OCD displayed significant genetic correlations with 65 out of 112 examined phenotypes. Notably, it showed positive genetic correlations with all included psychiatric phenotypes, in particular anxiety, depression, anorexia nervosa, and Tourette syndrome, and negative correlations with a subset of the included autoimmune disorders, educational attainment, and body mass index.. This study marks a significant step toward unraveling its genetic landscape and advances understanding of OCD genetics, providing a foundation for future interventions to address this debilitating disorder.
PMCID:11071577
PMID: 38712091
CID: 5662722
Distributed neural representations of conditioned threat in the human brain
Detecting and responding to threat engages several neural nodes including the amygdala, hippocampus, insular cortex, and medial prefrontal cortices. Recent propositions call for the integration of more distributed neural nodes that process sensory and cognitive facets related to threat. Integrative, sensitive, and reproducible distributed neural decoders for the detection and response to threat and safety have yet to be established. We combine functional MRI data across varying threat conditioning and negative affect paradigms from 1465 participants with multivariate pattern analysis to investigate distributed neural representations of threat and safety. The trained decoders sensitively and specifically distinguish between threat and safety cues across multiple datasets. We further show that many neural nodes dynamically shift representations between threat and safety. Our results establish reproducible decoders that integrate neural circuits, merging the well-characterized 'threat circuit' with sensory and cognitive nodes, discriminating threat from safety regardless of experimental designs or data acquisition parameters.
PMCID:10933283
PMID: 38472184
ISSN: 2041-1723
CID: 5645722
ADHD Pharmacotherapy and Mortality in Individuals With ADHD
IMPORTANCE:Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is associated with increased risks of adverse health outcomes including premature death, but it is unclear whether ADHD pharmacotherapy influences the mortality risk. OBJECTIVE:To investigate whether initiation of ADHD pharmacotherapy was associated with reduced mortality risk in individuals with ADHD. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS:In an observational nationwide cohort study in Sweden applying the target trial emulation framework, we identified individuals aged 6 through 64 years with an incident diagnosis of ADHD from 2007 through 2018 and no ADHD medication dispensation prior to diagnosis. Follow-up started from ADHD diagnosis until death, emigration, 2 years after ADHD diagnosis, or December 31, 2020, whichever came first. EXPOSURES:ADHD medication initiation was defined as dispensing of medication within 3 months of diagnosis. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES:We assessed all-cause mortality within 2 years of ADHD diagnosis, as well as natural-cause (eg, physical conditions) and unnatural-cause mortality (eg, unintentional injuries, suicide, and accidental poisonings). RESULTS:Of 148 578 individuals with ADHD (61 356 females [41.3%]), 84 204 (56.7%) initiated ADHD medication. The median age at diagnosis was 17.4 years (IQR, 11.6-29.1 years). The 2-year mortality risk was lower in the initiation treatment strategy group (39.1 per 10 000 individuals) than in the noninitiation treatment strategy group (48.1 per 10 000 individuals), with a risk difference of -8.9 per 10 000 individuals (95% CI, -17.3 to -0.6). ADHD medication initiation was associated with significantly lower rate of all-cause mortality (hazard ratio [HR], 0.79; 95% CI, 0.70 to 0.88) and unnatural-cause mortality (2-year mortality risk, 25.9 per 10 000 individuals vs 33.3 per 10 000 individuals; risk difference, -7.4 per 10 000 individuals; 95% CI, -14.2 to -0.5; HR, 0.75; 95% CI, 0.66 to 0.86), but not natural-cause mortality (2-year mortality risk, 13.1 per 10 000 individuals vs 14.7 per 10 000 individuals; risk difference, -1.6 per 10 000 individuals; 95% CI, -6.4 to 3.2; HR, 0.86; 95% CI, 0.71 to 1.05). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE:Among individuals diagnosed with ADHD, medication initiation was associated with significantly lower all-cause mortality, particularly for death due to unnatural causes.
PMID: 38470385
ISSN: 1538-3598
CID: 5645702
