Faculty Bibliography
Searched for:
school:SOM
Department/Unit:Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
Total Results:
11330
Promoting emotional and behavioral interventions in ASD treatment: Evidence from EPIGRAM, A naturalistic, prospective and longitudinal study
BACKGROUND:Prognostic factors from naturalistic treatment studies of children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) remain largely unknown. We aimed to identify baseline and treatment-related prognostic predictors at 1-year follow-up after Integrative Care Practices (ICPs). METHODS:Eighty-nine preschool children with severe ASD were given ICP combining nine therapeutic workshops based on children's needs. Participants were assessed at baseline and during 12 months follow-up with the Psycho-educational Profile-3-R, Children Autism Rating Scale, Parental Global Impression, and the Autistic Behaviors Scale. We assessed prognostic predictors using multivariable regression models and explored treatment ingredients influencing outcome using Classification and Regression Trees (CART). RESULTS:Multivariable models showed that being a child from first generation immigrant parents predicted increased maladaptive behaviors, whereas play activities had an opposite effect; severity of ASD symptoms and impaired cognitive functions predicted worse autism severity at follow-up; and lower play activities predicted worse parent impression. Regarding treatment effects, more emotion/behavioral interventions predicted better outcomes, and more communication interventions predicted lower autism severity, whereas more education and cognitive interventions had an opposite effect. CART confirmed that more hours of intervention in the emotion/behavioral domain helped classifying cases with better outcomes. More parental support was associated with decreased maladaptive behaviors. Sensorimotor and education interventions also significantly contributed to classifying cases according to outcomes but defined subgroups with opposite prognosis. CONCLUSION/CONCLUSIONS:Children who exhibited the best prognosis following ICPs had less autism severity, better cognition, and non-immigrant parents at baseline. Emotion/behavior interventions appeared key across all outcomes and should be promoted.
PMID: 38431998
ISSN: 1873-3379
CID: 5644302
The stability and persistence of symptoms in childhood-onset ADHD
The course of childhood-onset attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) varies across individuals; some will experience persistent symptoms while others' symptoms fluctuate or remit. We describe the longitudinal course of ADHD symptoms and associated clinical characteristics in adolescents with childhood-onset ADHD. Participants (aged 6-12 at baseline) from the Longitudinal Assessment of Manic Symptoms (LAMS) study who met DSM criteria for ADHD prior to age 12 were evaluated annually with the Kiddie Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for eight years. At each timepoint, participants were categorized as meeting ADHD criteria, subthreshold criteria, or not having ADHD. Stability of course was defined by whether participants experienced consistent ADHD symptoms, fluctuating symptoms, or remission. The persistence of the symptoms was defined by symptom status at the final two follow-ups (stable ADHD, stable remission, stable partial remission, unstable). Of 685 baseline participants, 431 had childhood-onset ADHD and at least two follow-ups. Half had a consistent course of ADHD, nearly 40% had a remitting course, and the remaining participants had a fluctuating course. More than half of participants met criteria for ADHD at the end of their participation; about 30% demonstrated stable full remission, 15% had unstable symptoms, and one had stable partial remission. Participants with a persistent course and stable ADHD outcome reported the highest number of symptoms and were most impaired. This work builds on earlier studies that describe fluctuating symptoms in young people with childhood-onset ADHD. Results emphasize the importance of ongoing monitoring and detailed assessment of factors likely to influence course and outcome to help young people with childhood-onset ADHD.
PMID: 37270740
ISSN: 1435-165x
CID: 5726132
The Impact of Maternal Interpersonal Violent Trauma and Related Psychopathology on Child Outcomes and Intergenerational Transmission
PURPOSE OF REVIEW/OBJECTIVE:This review aims to outline some consequences that maternal history of trauma with and without related psychopathology, such as posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS), can have on their children's development and functioning. It then addresses mechanisms through which intergenerational transmission of interpersonal violence (IPV) and related psychopathology may occur. RECENT FINDINGS/RESULTS:Findings include the effects of maternal IPV experience and related psychopathology on child social-emotional and biologically-based outcomes. This includes increased developmental disturbances and child psychopathology, as well as physiological factors. Secondly, the review focuses on psychobiological mechanisms by which maternal experience of IPV and related psychopathology likely trigger intergenerational effects. Maternal IPV and related psychopathology can have a negative impact on several areas of their child's life including development, interactive behavior, psychopathology, and physiology. This transmission may partially be due to fetal and perinatal processes, genetic and epigenetic effects, and interactions with their parents.
PMCID:10978628
PMID: 38427205
ISSN: 1535-1645
CID: 5644282
A state-of-the-art overview of candidate diagnostic biomarkers for Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)
INTRODUCTION/UNASSIGNED:Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is one of the most common neurodevelopmental conditions and is highly heterogeneous in terms of symptom profile, associated cognitive deficits, comorbidities, and outcomes. Heterogeneity may also affect the ability to recognize and diagnose this condition. The diagnosis of ADHD is primarily clinical but there are increasing research efforts aiming at identifying biomarkers that can aid the diagnosis. AREAS COVERED/UNASSIGNED:We first discuss the definition of biomarkers and the necessary research steps from discovery to implementation. We then provide a broad overview of research studies on candidate diagnostic biomarkers in ADHD encompassing genetic/epigenetic, biochemical, neuroimaging, neurophysiological and neuropsychological techniques. Finally, we critically appraise current limitations in the field and suggest possible ways forward. EXPERT OPINION/UNASSIGNED:Despite the large number of studies and variety of techniques used, no promising biomarkers have been identified so far. Clinical and biological heterogeneity as well as methodological limitations, including small sample size, lack of standardization, confounding factors, and poor replicability, have hampered progress in the field. Going forward, increased international collaborative efforts are warranted to support larger and more robustly designed studies, develop multimodal datasets to combine biomarkers and improve diagnostic accuracy, and ensure reproducibility and meaningful clinical translation.
PMID: 38506617
ISSN: 1744-8352
CID: 5640532
The "Woundosome" Concept and Its Impact on Procedural Outcomes in Patients With Chronic Limb-Threatening Ischemia [Editorial]
PMID: 38523459
ISSN: 1545-1550
CID: 5645462
Self-recognition: From touching the body to knowing the self [Comment]
Recognizing oneself in a mirror is a classic test of self-concept. A new study has revealed the perceptual-motor foundations of conceptual self-knowledge: infants' success in the mirror test was accelerated after touching a tactile stimulus while viewing themselves in a mirror.
PMID: 38531315
ISSN: 1879-0445
CID: 5694672
Caregiver Distress and Child Behavior Problems in Children with Developmental Delay from Predominantly Minoritized Backgrounds
IMPORTANCE/UNASSIGNED:Child behavior problems have been shown to contribute to caregiver distress and vice versa among youth with developmental delay (DD). However, studies have not examined these associations among children and caregivers from underrepresented ethnic/racial backgrounds. Furthermore, research has not explored how associations function differently following internet-delivered treatment or based on the level of acculturation and enculturation. OBJECTIVE/UNASSIGNED:We examined bidirectional associations between caregiver distress (i.e. symptoms of depression, anxiety, and stress) and externalizing and internalizing behavior problems in 3- to 5-year-old children with DD from underrepresented ethnic/racial backgrounds. We also examined the impact of internet-delivered Parent-Child Interaction Therapy (iPCIT) and the moderating role of acculturation and enculturation on these bidirectional associations. METHOD/UNASSIGNED: = 150) and their primary caregiver were randomized to receive iPCIT or referrals as usual (RAU) in the community. RESULTS/UNASSIGNED:Findings provide support for bidirectional associations between child internalizing behavior problems and caregiver depressive symptoms, although there were fewer significant associations among families randomized to iPCIT compared to RAU. Weaker associations were observed among families with higher levels of enculturation, whereas stronger associations were observed among families with higher levels of acculturation. CONCLUSIONS/UNASSIGNED:Results highlight a sensitive period from age 3.5 to 4 years old for bidirectional associations between caregiver distress and child behavior problems and highlight the importance of addressing family cultural values during treatment. Findings also suggest the utility of internet-delivered behavioral parenting interventions in weakening the effect of child behavior problems on caregiver distress and vice versa.
PMID: 38512063
ISSN: 1537-4424
CID: 5761142
LovesCompany: evaluating the safety and feasibility of a mental health-focused online community for adolescents
PMID: 38504652
ISSN: 1728-0591
CID: 5640492
Mental health treatment
[S.l.] : Nova Science Publishers, Inc., 2024
pp. 283-294
ISBN: 9798891133235
CID: 5660312
Dealing with secondary traumatic stress
[S.l.] : Nova Science Publishers, Inc., 2024
pp. 305-315
ISBN: 9798891133235
CID: 5660302
