Searched for: school:SOM
Department/Unit:Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
The effect of cognitive skills and autism spectrum disorder on stereotyped behaviors in infants and toddlers
Cervantes, Paige E; Matson, Johnny L; Williams, Lindsey W; Jang, Jina
Stereotyped behaviors are prominent in both the ASD and ID populations; stereotypies can impede social skill acquisition, interfere with learning, and adversely affect an individual's quality of life. The current study explored the effect of cognitive skills and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) on the rate of stereotypies in 2019 children aged 17-39 months. Cognitive abilities were assessed using the cognitive developmental quotient (DQ) on the Battelle Developmental Inventory, Second Edition (BDI-2); two levels of cognitive skill were used: (1) low (cognitive DQ less than or equal to 70), and (2) typical (cognitive DQ greater than 70). Stereotypies were examined utilizing the Baby and Infant Screen for Children with aUtIsm Traits, Part 3 (BISCUIT-Part 3). Children with ASD were found to have greater rates of overall stereotyped behaviors compared to children with atypical development, regardless of cognitive level; however, children with ASD and typical cognitive ability evinced the highest rate of stereotypies. An examination of specific stereotyped behaviors (i.e., unusual play with objects, repeated and unusual vocalizations, repeated and unusual body movements) revealed disparate results. Research and clinical implications regarding these findings are discussed. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
ISI:000335107200005
ISSN: 1878-0237
CID: 2690302
Associations between Olfactory Hedonics and Smell Identification Vary by Sex in Schizophrenia Cases and Healthy Controls [Meeting Abstract]
Walsh-Messinger, Julie; Ramirez, Paul Michael; Wong, Philip; McMahon, Kevin; Malone, Tara; Opler, Lewis A; Malaspina, Dolores
ISI:000334101802375
ISSN: 1873-2402
CID: 1015292
The Value of Resting State Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging for Neuropsychiatry [Meeting Abstract]
Kelly, Clare
ISI:000334101801068
ISSN: 1873-2402
CID: 1015172
Implementation Science in School Mental Health: Key Constructs in a Developing Research Agenda
Owens, Julie Sarno; Lyon, Aaron R; Brandt, Nicole Evangelista; Warner, Carrie Masia; Nadeem, Erum; Spiel, Craig; Wagner, Mary
In this paper, we propose an implementation science research agenda as it applies to school mental health (SMH). First, we provide an overview of important contextual issues to be considered when addressing research questions pertinent to the implementation of mental health interventions in schools. Next, we critically review three core implementation components: (a) professional development and coaching for school professionals regarding evidence-based practices (EBPs); (b) the integrity of EBPs implemented in schools; and (c) EBP sustainment under typical school conditions. We articulate research questions central to the next generation of research in each of these areas as well as methods to address such questions. Our intent in doing so is to contribute to a developing blueprint to guide community-research partnerships as well as funding agencies in their efforts to advance implementation science in SMH.
PMCID:4580252
PMID: 26413173
ISSN: 1866-2625
CID: 2037742
Hispanic Youth With Excess Weight Display Psychological Distress: Do the Youth Self-Report Norms Accurately Capture This Phenomenon?
Yates, Kathy F; Larr, Allison S; Sweat, Victoria; Maayan, Lawrence; Siegel, Carole; Convit, Antonio
Adolescent overweight/obesity (OW/O) has reached epidemic proportions. The Youth Self-Report (YSR) was administered to 514 primarily Hispanic urban high school students to examine the relationship between weight and psychological distress. YSR and study population-specific norms were used to assess risk on Anxious/Depressed, Withdrawn/Depressed, Somatic Complaints, and Social Problems scales. OW/O status increased Social Problems regardless of norms. OW/O students endorsed greater Withdrawn/Depressed symptoms with YSR norms; greater Anxious/Depressed and Somatic Complaints were endorsed with population-specific norms. Females drive results. Findings suggest norms need to incorporate minority and economically disadvantaged groups.
ISI:000342925300006
ISSN: 1552-6364
CID: 2684822
AACAP Sponsored Medical Malpractice Insurance Program Why would you want to sue anyone else? [Editorial]
Henderson, Schuyler W.
ISI:000335096200012
ISSN: 0890-8567
CID: 2944692
Considering Early Trauma in the Pathogenesis of Schizophrenia: Cortisol, Neural Volumes, Cognition, and Symptoms [Meeting Abstract]
Malaspina, Dolores; Ruby, Eugene; Polito, Stephanie; McMahon, Kevin; Gorovitz, Marissa; Corcoran, Cheryl; Goetz, Raymond
ISI:000334101801420
ISSN: 1873-2402
CID: 1015382
Altered Brain Functional Connectivity in Human Fetuses Born Preterm [Meeting Abstract]
Thomason, Moriah E.
ISI:000334101801030
ISSN: 0006-3223
CID: 3148872
Cognitive insight in individuals at clinical high risk for psychosis
Kimhy, David; Jobson-Ahmed, Lauren; Ben-David, Shelly; Ramadhar, Lisa; Malaspina, Dolores; Corcoran, Cheryl M
AIM: Reduced cognitive insight has been associated with psychotic symptoms, in particular with the presence of delusions; however, there is little information about whether such reductions are present in at-risk individuals prior to the onset of threshold psychotic symptoms. METHOD: We conducted a cross-sectional comparison of cognitive insight (as indexed by the Beck Cognitive Insight Scale) in 62 help-seeking individuals at clinical high risk for psychosis, Fifty-nine individuals with schizophrenia-spectrum disorders and 37 healthy controls (HC). In patients, we evaluated associations of insight with positive symptoms, including later transition to psychosis in high-risk patients. RESULTS: Individuals with schizophrenia reported significantly higher self-certainty scores than the at-risk patients and HCs, with the at-risk patients scoring intermediate to the individuals with schizophrenia andcontrols. Similarly, individuals with schizophrenia scored significantly higher on self-reflectiveness, with no differences between the at-risk patients and controls. In individuals with schizophrenia, delusions were significantly correlated with self-certainty. In at-risk patients, cognitive insight was not associated with positive symptom severity and did not differentiate those at-risk patients who later developed psychosis from those who did not. However, post hoc analyses suggested that at-risk patients with marked unusual thought content (approaching threshold psychosis) had lower self-reflectiveness; whereas those with high suspiciousness had significantly higher self-certainty. CONCLUSIONS: The findings are discussed in the context of normal developmental processes occurring during adolescence, their putative links to neurobiological functioning, and their implications for treatment and future research.
PMCID:3640765
PMID: 23343417
ISSN: 1751-7885
CID: 890732
Adherence to Asthma Medication Regimens in Urban African American Adolescents: Application of Self-Determination Theory
Bruzzese, Jean-Marie; Idalski Carcone, April; Lam, Phebe; Ellis, Deborah A; Naar-King, Sylvie
Objective: Asthma medication adherence is low, particularly among African American adolescents, a high-risk group with respect to asthma prevalence, morbidity, and mortality. This study tested the utility of self-determination theory (SDT), a theory of motivation, to explain adherence to asthma medication regimens in African American adolescents. Method: We used baseline data from 168 urban African American adolescents (Mage = 13.94 years; 61% male) with poorly controlled asthma who were part of a trial testing the efficacy of interventions to improve adherence. Participants and their caregivers were interviewed using the Family Asthma Management System Scale; this study used the Asthma Medication Adherence subscale. Adolescents completed four asthma-specific scales representing the SDT constructs of autonomous motivation (one importance scale), competence (one confidence scale), and relatedness (two scales-family routines and parental support). Using multiple linear regression, we tested the hypothesis that SDT variables would predict adherence. Results: Adherence was significantly correlated with three SDT variables-importance, confidence, and family routines. In multivariate analysis, family routines was the only significant predictor of asthma adherence (p < .001). Asthma management behaviors integrated into and shared among family members was associated with better adherence. Greater confidence was marginally associated with increased adherence (p = .07). Conclusion: Though several variables representing SDT constructs were correlated with adherence, results demonstrate that family routines may be more relevant for African American adolescents' adherence than other SDT constructs. Thus, helping families to share and better integrate asthma care into daily schedules may be an important intervention strategy to improve medication adherence among high-risk African American adolescents. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2013 APA, all rights reserved).
PMID: 23895200
ISSN: 0278-6133
CID: 895612