Faculty Bibliography

Fingertips are functionally important contact surfaces. Pain-free and stable tissue coverage with good sensibility is needed. The method of repair depends on many factors, as herein discussed, including careful donor site consideration if tissue is transferred for repair. A small injury to a finger can result in prolonged disability and morbidity so that such injuries deserve the same thoughtful consideration, planning, and technical adroitness as do all hand problems

To study the effects of the inhalation of cigarette smoke on the survival of skin flaps, 30 Syrian Golden hamsters were divided into three groups of 10. Two of these groups were acclimatized to cigarette smoke in increasing increments for 9 weeks in standard Hamburg I smoking cages. The third group of 10 (group A) served as controls and were sham-smoked throughout the experiment. After acclimatization, one group of 10 (group B) was smoked for a further 6 weeks. A standard axial-pattern flap was then raised on the dorsum of the animals. Ten animals in group C were smoked for 6 weeks preoperatively and for 2 weeks postoperatively, at which time the animals in all groups were sacrificed. All animals survived the experiment. The flaps in control group A all survived without necrosis. Two of the 10 dorsal flaps sustained terminal necrosis in group B animals. Six of the 10 flaps resulted in significant terminal necrosis in group C animals. Statistical analysis of the results indicated a significant comparison between control group A and group C of those animals smoked throughout the experiment. We conclude from this experiment that the inhalation of cigarette smoke consistent with that of a heavy smoker (2 packs per day) has an adverse effect on wound healing of skin flaps in hamsters. Apparently, cessation of smoking even at the time of surgical preparation of the flap obviates much of the noxious effect and increase flap survival significantly

The characteristics of induction with and recovery from isoflurane anaesthesia were studied in 248 children. The mean time to loss of consciousness was 1.5 min (SD 0.5). Tracheal intubation, without interruption of spontaneous ventilation, was accomplished in a mean time of 4.2 min (SD 54 seconds). Movement and excitement, of 20-30 seconds duration, occurred in 23.9% children and 22 patients coughed during induction; 15 (12.6%) during the first 124 inductions; 7 (5.6%) subsequently. The mean half-times of reduction of alveolar isoflurane concentrations in 28 children whose lungs were ventilated with isoflurane and in 13 children who breathed isoflurane spontaneously during anaesthesia were: 45 sec after exposure for one hour, 70 sec after exposure of 2-3 hours and 110 seconds following exposures of 4-8 hours. The mean recovery times of the three groups were 6.5, 9.5 and 11.5 min respectively. In two further groups of nine children the mean half times of elimination of halothane and isoflurane were 220 seconds and 54 seconds respectively; recovery from isoflurane was markedly faster. Isoflurane is well accepted by children; induction is more rapid than with halothane, and the marked flexibility in the control of its effects are due to its relative insolubility. It has wide application in paediatric anaesthesia

In a study of 200 fresh adult cadavers, calvarial thickness was measured at selected points. The variables of age, height, weight, sex, and race were subjected to multiple regression analysis to determine which were significant in the determination of skull thickness. The results indicate that weight, race, and sex are the most important variables. However, the magnitude of the effects of these variables is minimal when considered in relation to clinical requirements. The study provides the clinician with a reasonable basis to obtain preoperative estimation of the thickness of calvarial grafts in the adult at four commonly utilized points

This article presents a method of cephalometric tracing and analysis using the basilar view cephalogram and discusses its role in diagnosis and treatment planning. Landmarks and structures found in each of three separate basilar planes are defined and instructions for tracings are presented. The analysis is applied to the study of orbital hypertelorism, craniofacial synostosis, and hemicraniofacial microsomia. The multiplane tracing technique is demonstrated to provide a three-dimensional concept of deformities in the craniofacial skeleton. A method to determine an anteroposterior midline construct from structures in the cranial base is described. As is practiced with the lateral cephalogram, presurgical tracings of the basilar film may be manipulated to simulate the skeletal changes anticipated in surgery

Many large-diameter myelinated axons in spinal dorsal roots contain carbonic anhydrase activity, whereas few small-diameter ventral root axons stain for this enzyme. This differential localization of carbonic anhydrase in sensory and motor nerve fibers is indicative of the potential of carbonic anhydrase histochemistry to provide a convenient method for identifying predominantly motor or sensory fascicles in cut ends of peripheral nerves, thereby facilitating coaptation of fascicles in peripheral nerve repair