Faculty Bibliography
Searched for:
school:SOM
Department/Unit:Population Health
Total Results:
12263
The effect of a novel oral care protocol in decreasing the expression of cytokines in head and neck cancer patients receiving chemoradiation [Meeting Abstract]
Introduction Oral mucositis (OM) is one of the most debilitating adverse effects in patients undergoing cancer treatment. Physiologically, chemotherapy (CT) and radiotherapy (RT) evoke a profound inflammatory response, resulting in mucosal injury, which can result in an increased susceptibility to infection. Objectives The objective of this pilot study was to asses the effects of a novel oral care protocol on OM severity and to evaluate salivary cytokines in head and neck cancer patients undergoing RT or CT/RT at the NYU Langone Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center. Methods A total of ten participants were included in this study, and randomized to an InterventionGroup (IG), or ControlGroup (CG). Subjects assigned to the CG received a standard of care oral hygiene on a bi-weekly basis. Subjects assigned to the IG received the Oral Mucosal Deterging and Dental Prophylaxis (OMDP) protocol weekly, which consisted of a periodontal surface debridement and cleansing and deterging of the oral mucosa surfaces. Results Salivary inflammatory biomarkers, noted in levels of IFN-gamma, IL10, IL12p70, IL13, TNFalpha and IL-6 had a significant increase in the CG and reduced or stayed the same under the IG. Although not statistically significant, a tendency of pain decrease was observed in the IG and difficulty in swallowing was statistically significant when both groups were compared (p = 0,016). Conclusions These results suggest that overall inflammation was consistently higher as compared to baseline in the CG, providing encouragement for the effectiveness of the oral care protocol as a coadjutant treatment for this population
EMBASE:622328076
ISSN: 1433-7339
CID: 3141662
Novel genetic associations for blood pressure identified via gene-alcohol interaction in up to 570K individuals across multiple ancestries
Heavy alcohol consumption is an established risk factor for hypertension; the mechanism by which alcohol consumption impact blood pressure (BP) regulation remains unknown. We hypothesized that a genome-wide association study accounting for gene-alcohol consumption interaction for BP might identify additional BP loci and contribute to the understanding of alcohol-related BP regulation. We conducted a large two-stage investigation incorporating joint testing of main genetic effects and single nucleotide variant (SNV)-alcohol consumption interactions. In Stage 1, genome-wide discovery meta-analyses in ≈131K individuals across several ancestry groups yielded 3,514 SNVs (245 loci) with suggestive evidence of association (P < 1.0 x 10-5). In Stage 2, these SNVs were tested for independent external replication in ≈440K individuals across multiple ancestries. We identified and replicated (at Bonferroni correction threshold) five novel BP loci (380 SNVs in 21 genes) and 49 previously reported BP loci (2,159 SNVs in 109 genes) in European ancestry, and in multi-ancestry meta-analyses (P < 5.0 x 10-8). For African ancestry samples, we detected 18 potentially novel BP loci (P < 5.0 x 10-8) in Stage 1 that warrant further replication. Additionally, correlated meta-analysis identified eight novel BP loci (11 genes). Several genes in these loci (e.g., PINX1, GATA4, BLK, FTO and GABBR2) have been previously reported to be associated with alcohol consumption. These findings provide insights into the role of alcohol consumption in the genetic architecture of hypertension.
PMCID:6005576
PMID: 29912962
ISSN: 1932-6203
CID: 3978442
Exclusive and concurrent use of cigarettes and alternative tobacco products among Hong Kong adolescents
INTRODUCTION/BACKGROUND:The use of alternative tobacco products (ATPs) is becoming increasingly popular among the youth. This study aimed to assess cigarette-only smoking, exclusive ATP use, and concurrent use (cigarettes and ATPs) among adolescents in Hong Kong. METHODS:We analyzed data of the Hong Kong School-based Survey on Smoking among Students 2012/13 from a representative sample of 45 857 secondary school students. Weighted prevalence of cigarette-only smoking, exclusive ATP use, and concurrent tobacco use were calculated. Multinomial logistic regression examined correlates of exclusive ATP use and concurrent use relative to cigarette-only smoking. Among current (past-30-days) cigarette smokers, multivariable logistic regression assessed whether ATP use was associated with nicotine dependence, quit intention and quit attempt. RESULTS:Overall, 5.8% of adolescents reported current tobacco use (2.1% cigarette-only smoking, 2.5% exclusive ATP use and 1.2% concurrent use). Compared with cigarette-only smoking, exclusive ATP use and concurrent tobacco use were associated with younger age, higher perceived family financial status, absence of cigarette smoking peers, poor knowledge about smoking and more frequent alcohol use. Among current cigarette smokers, ATP use was negatively associated with cigarette quit intention and quit attempt. CONCLUSIONS:ATP use was as prevalent as cigarette smoking among adolescents, and ATP users were different from cigarette smokers in many demographic and psychosocial factors. Tobacco control programs among youth should target different types of tobacco users and address all forms of tobacco products.
PMCID:7205155
PMID: 32411846
ISSN: 2459-3087
CID: 4473752
Type 2 diabetes and cardiometabolic risk may be associated with increase in DNA methylation of FKBP5
Background:at intron 2, with percent glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-cholesterol), waist circumference (WC), and body mass index (BMI), in a clinic-based sample of 43 individuals with T2DM. Results: = 0.006, respectively). Conclusions:
PMCID:6010037
PMID: 29951131
ISSN: 1868-7083
CID: 5069742
Neighborhoods and health : a progress report
New York, NY : Oxford University Press, [2018]
pp. ?-?
ISBN: 0190843500
CID: 3458752
Quantitative methods for measuring neighborhood characteristics in neighborhood health research
New York, NY : Oxford University Press, [2018]
pp. 57-90
ISBN: 0190843500
CID: 3458772
Prostate cancer treatment decision-making and survivorship considerations among gay and bisexual men: Implications for sexual roles and functioning
[S.l.] : Harrington Park Press, 2018
pp. 150-163
ISBN: 9781939594259
CID: 4422402
POPULATION WELL-BEING IS ASSOCIATED WITH LOWER RATES OF HOSPITALIZATION [Meeting Abstract]
ISI:000442641401126
ISSN: 0884-8734
CID: 5324842
E-Cigarettes: Effects on the Fetus [Editorial]
ISI:000426485600015
ISSN: 0191-9601
CID: 4473762
Familial Discordance Regarding Fertility Preservation for a Transgender Teen: An Ethical Case Study
A 16-year-old adolescent who identifies as transgender wishes to consider fertility preservation prior to the use of gender-affirming hormones. The adolescent's parents are divorced, and one parent supports fertility preservation while the other does not. This case explores the minor's future reproductive autonomy and parental decision making in a field where there is limited evidence of known harms and benefits to the use of fertility preservation in the transgender population and about future potential regret from lack of consideration of fertility preservation during the prime window of opportunity. This case is created from a composite of cases seen at multiple institutions.
PMID: 30605435
ISSN: 1046-7890
CID: 3562872
