Faculty Bibliography

Invasive fibrous (Riedel's) thyroiditis is a rare thyroid condition of unknown origin that may be associated with inflammatory fibrosclerosing processes elsewhere in the body. Although the condition is benign and self-limiting, its importance lies in its ability to clinically mimic carcinoma almost completely, necessitating performing an open biopsy to establish the correct diagnosis. In a review of over 700 thyroid operations performed at Loma Linda (Calif) University Medical Center in the past 15 years, we encountered only one documented case of Riedel's thyroiditis. Our patient presented with a firm thyroid mass, vocal cord paralysis, and symptoms of esophageal compression. Surgery was performed to obtain a definitive diagnosis and prevent the possibility of subsequent additional tracheal compression with airway compromise. The pathologic findings, as well as the medical and surgical treatment of this condition, are reviewed.

The utility of digital filtering for the purpose of improving waveform morphology and improving peak detection was investigated. Unfiltered (i.e., only standard analog filtering) and digitally filtered (i.e., analog plus post hoc digital filtering) ABRs from both young and elderly subjects were independently scored by eight experienced clinicians. Measures of intrascorer and interscorer variability were obtained for the absolute latencies of waves I, III, and V. Results suggest that digital filtering tends to increase the reliability of latency measurements when ABRs are characterized by poor morphology.

Although many patients with hearing loss benefit from medical or surgical intervention, the vast majority have noncorrectable hearing disorders for which rehabilitation through amplification is indicated. There are three goals for the application of hearing aids: (1) to amplify normal conversational speech to levels that are maximally understandable to the patient; (2) to help the patient hear other environmental sounds; and (3) to assist in the educational or habilitative process for those children who sustain hearing loss prior to language and speech development. In addition, there are certain issues that require medical consideration when a wearable device is placed in the ear. This article describes current hearing aid technology; reviews its benefits, limitations, and application for typical patients; discusses the medical aspects of hearing aid fitting; and describes new hearing aid technology on the horizon.

The ability of surgery or bromocriptine to produce endocrine control of a prolactin macroadenoma decreases as the prolactin level increases. Guidelines for the use of multimodality therapy have not been developed for tumors associated with markedly elevated prolactin levels. We reviewed the records of 21 patients with prolactin levels greater than 200 ng/ml treated by transsphenoidal surgery and postoperative radiotherapy with or without a dopamine agonist. Values before and after treatment were available for 19 patients (13 men and 6 women). The mean basal prolactin level before treatment for the entire group was 2410 ng/ml. Surgery and radiotherapy resulted in a 90% reduction and serum prolactin levels within normal limits in 0 of 7 patients, versus the combination of surgery, radiotherapy, and dopamine agonist, which resulted in a 99.5% reduction and values within the normal range in 12 of 12 patients. Spontaneous physiological improvement was not often observed. One woman and two men were able subsequently to have children. A plan for these patients is discussed.

Eighteen patients using the Nucleus multichannel cochlear prosthesis underwent annual evaluations for electrical thresholds, dynamic range, and speech recognition abilities for a period of 1 to 5 years. Results revealed no correlation between length of usage of a cochlear implant and electrical thresholds. The dynamic range was initially wider in the patients with open-set speech recognition, but narrowed in subsequent years. There was a correlation between length of deafness and postoperative performance