Searched for: school:SOM
Department/Unit:Plastic Surgery
Religion and Attitudes Toward Xenotransplantation: Results of a Nationwide Survey in the United States
Hurst, Daniel J; Padilla, Luz A; Zink, Amanda; Parent, Brendan; Kimberly, Laura L
Religious viewpoints have been shown to influence the ways in which many persons approach medical decision-making and have been noted as a potential barrier to xenotransplantation acceptance. This study sought to explore how attitudes toward xenotransplantation differ among various religious beliefs. A national Likert-scale survey was conducted in 2023 with a representative sample in the United States. Religious belief was self-reported. Regression analysis was used to identify associations with religious belief and hesitations about xenotransplantation. Five thousand and eight individuals across the United States responded to the survey. The two biggest concerns about xenotransplantation across religious groups were the current lack of evidence about success and the risk of xenozoonosis. Although they still expressed concerns about certain issues, Catholic and Muslim respondents were most comfortable with xenotransplantation for all. On average, the risk of xenozoonosis was a concern among 25% across all religious beliefs (p <0.0001). Orthodox Christians expressed the highest rate of negative feelings toward the recent xenotransplantation experiments on brain dead and living individuals. Those who reported no religion were most likely to have negative feelings about killing pigs for human organ transplant (OR 1.26; 95% CI: 1.08-1.46). As xenotransplantation progresses from pre-clinical studies to clinical trials, and potentially to clinical therapy, hesitations among religious groups exist. Specific studies should be designed to investigate how religious viewpoints can affect xenotransplantation acceptance.
PMCID:11832011
PMID: 39960374
ISSN: 1399-3089
CID: 5842982
TRPV4 activation in Schwann cells mediates mechanically induced pain of oral cancer
Mulpuri, Yatendra; Tu, Nguyen H; Inoue, Kenji; Harden, Grace; Nicholson, Samuel J; Seenauth, Anisa; Huang, Yan; Escobar, Keylin G; Moayedi, Yalda; Bunnett, Nigel W; Albertson, Donna G; Schmidt, Brian L
INTRODUCTION/UNASSIGNED:Patients with oral cancer often experience intense functional pain due to mechanical stimulation at the cancer site. The role of mechanosensitive ion channels in oral cancer pain, such as TRPV4, is not fully understood. OBJECTIVES/UNASSIGNED:Our objective was to investigate the role of Schwann cell TRPV4 in oral cancer pain. METHODS/UNASSIGNED:imaging, and patch-clamp electrophysiology. The effect of TRPV4 activation on Schwann cell responses to mechanical stimulation was evaluated using a piezo stimulator. Conditioned media (CM) from TRPV4-activated Schwann cells were injected into the mouse paw to evaluate the contribution of TRPV4 in Schwann cells to mechanical hypersensitivity. RESULTS/UNASSIGNED:responses and whole-cell membrane currents in human Schwann cells. Mechanoactivated currents in human Schwann cells were inhibited by the TRPV4 antagonist HC-067047. Schwann cell CM induced mechanical hypersensitivity in mice, which was blocked by pre-treatment with HC-067047. CONCLUSION/UNASSIGNED:TRPV4 activation plays a role in mediating mechanically induced pain of oral cancer.
PMCID:11937083
PMID: 40144515
ISSN: 2673-561x
CID: 5814392
An evaluation of novel AMP2-coated electrospun composite scaffolds for intraoral bone regeneration: a proof-of-concept in vivo study
Slavin, Blaire V; Wu, Shangtao; Sturm, Savanah R; Hwang, Kevin K; Almada, Ricky; Mirsky, Nicholas A; Nayak, Vasudev Vivekanand; Witek, Lukasz; Coelho, Paulo G
BACKGROUND/UNASSIGNED:performance of a novel electrospun composite scaffold coated in a recombinant variant of human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (OsteoAdapt) relative to a porcine-derived xenograft. Further, it sought to determine if OsteoAdapt would remain within the defect without a membrane in place, as this is not feasible with the particulate xenograft currently used in clinical practice. METHODS/UNASSIGNED:, bone regeneration was assessed through qualitative volumetric reconstruction, qualitative and quantitative histological analyses. RESULTS/UNASSIGNED:= 0.982, respectively). However, qualitative analysis of the histological micrographs demonstrated advanced bone healing characterized by an abundance of nucleation sites for regeneration to occur in defects treated with OA relative to the CTRL. Bone overgrowth beyond the limits of defect borders was observed in groups treated OA/ZM and OA/P/ZM. In contrast to the treatment groups, minimal woven bone was visualized in the CTRL group. CONCLUSION/UNASSIGNED:. This suggests that the novel combination of AMP-2 and a bioceramic/synthetic polymer-based electrospun scaffold is a suitable candidate for GBR procedures, without a barrier membrane to secure its place within a defect.
PMCID:12043485
PMID: 40313641
ISSN: 2296-4185
CID: 5834402
A Comprehensive Analysis of Genioplasty in Facial Feminization Surgery: A Systematic Review and Institutional Cohort Study
Gursky, Alexis K; Chinta, Sachin R; Wyatt, Hailey P; Belisario, Maxwell N; Shah, Alay R; Kantar, Rami S; Rodriguez, Eduardo D
PMCID:11721636
PMID: 39797264
ISSN: 2077-0383
CID: 5805392
Effect of Time to Surgery on Surgical Site Infection in Open Distal Radius Fractures: A Review of the ACS Trauma Quality Improvement Program Database
Sobba, Walter; Lin, Lawrence J; Sanchez-Navarro, Gerardo E; De Tolla, Jadie; Ayalon, Omri; Hacquebord, Jacques H
INTRODUCTION/UNASSIGNED:Managing open distal radius fractures (DRFs) poses challenges. While preventing surgical site infection (SSI) involves prompt antibiotic administration and thorough irrigation and debridement, the impact of urgent intervention on reducing postoperative infection rates is debated. We hypothesize that timing of surgery does not significantly affect the incidence of SSI in open DRF treated within or after 24 hours from time of injury. METHODS/UNASSIGNED:We retrospectively analyzed the American College of Surgeons Trauma Quality Improvement Program from 2011 to 2021. We focused on outcome variables, including superficial SSI and deep SSI or osteomyelitis. To evaluate the relationship between time to operative intervention and SSI rates, we employed least absolute shrinkage and selection operator and multivariate regression models, adjusting for patient-specific factors and injury severity. RESULTS/UNASSIGNED:= .013) was significantly associated with increased rates of superficial SSI. CONCLUSIONS/UNASSIGNED:Extended time to surgery correlates with a modest rise in deep SSI incidence in open DRF. However, there was no heightened risk of superficial SSI in patients with delayed surgery. Polytrauma, alcohol use disorder, and diabetes were linked to elevated SSI rates in open DRF.
PMCID:11669146
PMID: 39720845
ISSN: 1558-9455
CID: 5767502
Back to the Bottle: Comparison of Palatoplasty Outcomes Before and After Systematic Changes to Postoperative Precaution Protocols
Lico, Margaret M; Rodrigo Diaz-Siso, Jesus; Gayner, Sydney; Groysman, Leya; Laspro, Matteo; Diaz, Allison L; Young, Amanda L; Camison-Bravo, Liliana; Flores, Roberto L
MAIN OBJECTIVE/OBJECTIVE:To analyze postoperative palatoplasty outcomes before and after systemic protocol changes to preferred bottle and arm immobilizer use after surgery. DESIGN/METHODS:Retrospective, cohort study. SETTING/METHODS:Urban, academic, tertiary medical center in New York City, NY. PARTICIPANTS/METHODS:= 39). INTERVENTIONS/METHODS:Protocols were amended over the 2018 calendar year to allow for utilization of the baby's preferred bottle (vs alternative feeding methods) and hand socks (vs arm immobilizers) in the immediate postoperative period. Data was extrapolated from electronic medical records to compare surgical outcomes. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES/METHODS:Postoperative wound complications (fistula and dehiscence) that did not resolve within 1 month, length of stay (hours), and 30-day re-admission. Nonparametric Mann-Whitney U tests and Fisher's Exact test were utilized for statistical analysis. RESULTS: = .366). CONCLUSIONS:The findings from this study suggest relaxing postoperative protocols following palatoplasty to allow immediate bottle feedings and unrestricted arm use may be safe without compromise to surgical outcomes.
PMID: 39692124
ISSN: 1545-1569
CID: 5764442
Skin immune-mesenchymal interplay within tertiarylymphoid structures promotes autoimmunepathogenesis in hidradenitis suppurativa
Yu, Wei-Wen; Barrett, Joy N P; Tong, Jie; Lin, Meng-Ju; Marohn, Meaghan; Devlin, Joseph C; Herrera, Alberto; Remark, Juliana; Levine, Jamie; Liu, Pei-Kang; Fang, Victoria; Zellmer, Abigail M; Oldridge, Derek A; Wherry, E John; Lin, Jia-Ren; Chen, Jia-Yun; Sorger, Peter; Santagata, Sandro; Krueger, James G; Ruggles, Kelly V; Wang, Fei; Su, Chang; Koralov, Sergei B; Wang, Jun; Chiu, Ernest S; Lu, Catherine P
Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a chronic, debilitating inflammatory skin disease characterized by keratinized epithelial tunnels that grow deeply into the dermis. Here, we examined the immune microenvironment within human HS lesions. Multi-omics profiling and multiplexed imaging identified tertiary lymphoid structures (TLSs) near HS tunnels. These TLSs were enriched with proliferative T cells, including follicular helper (Tfh), regulatory (Treg), and pathogenic T cells (IL17A+ and IFNG+), alongside extensive clonal expansion of plasma cells producing antibodies reactive to keratinocytes. HS fibroblasts express CXCL13 or CCL19 in response to immune cytokines. Using a microfluidic system to mimic TLS on a chip, we found that HS fibroblasts critically orchestrated lymphocyte aggregation via tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α)-CXCL13 and TNF-α-CCL19 feedback loops with B and T cells, respectively; early TNF-α blockade suppressed aggregate initiation. Our findings provide insights into TLS formation in the skin, suggest therapeutic avenues for HS, and reveal mechanisms that may apply to other autoimmune settings, including Crohn's disease.
PMID: 39662091
ISSN: 1097-4180
CID: 5762712
Tissue-Safe Low-Temperature Plasma Treatment for Effective Management of Mature Peri-Implantitis Biofilms on Titanium Surfaces
Panariello, Beatriz H D; Denucci, Giovanna C; Tonon, Caroline C; Eckert, George J; Witek, Lukasz; Nayak, Vasudev V; Coelho, Paulo G; Duarte, Simone
The unique screw-shape design and microstructure of implants pose a challenge for mechanical debridement in removing biofilms. Biofilms exhibit increased resistance to antimicrobials relative to single planktonic cells, emphasizing the need for effective biofilm removal during periodontal therapy for peri-implantitis treatment. To tackle this issue, our team evaluated the effectiveness of low-temperature plasma (LTP) for disinfecting titanium discs contaminated with multispecies biofilms associated with peri-implantitis, specifically focusing on biofilms matured for 14 and 21 days as well as biofilms that had formed on StraumannⓇ Ti-SLA implants for 21 days. The biofilms included Actinomyces naeslundii, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Streptococcus oralis, and Veillonella dispar, which were grown in anaerobic conditions. These biofilms were subjected to LTP treatment for 1, 3, and 5 min, using distances of 3 or 10 mm from the LTP nozzle to the samples. Control groups included biofilms formed on Ti discs or implants that received no treatment, exposure to argon flow at 3 or 10 mm of distance for 1, 3, or 5 min, application for 1 min of 14 μg/mL amoxicillin, 140 μg/mL metronidazole, or a blend of both, and treatment with 0.12% chlorhexidine (CHX) for 1 min. For the implants, 21-day-old biofilms were treated with 0.12% CHX 0.12% for 1 min and LTP for 1 min at a distance of 3 mm for each quadrant. Biofilm viability was assessed through bacterial counting and confocal laser scanning microscopy. The impact of LTP was investigated on reconstituted oral epithelia (ROE) contaminated with P. gingivalis, evaluating cytotoxicity, cell viability, and histology. The results showed that a 1 min exposure to LTP at distances of 3 or 10 mm significantly lowered bacterial counts on implants and discs compared to the untreated controls (p < 0.017). LTP exposure yielded lower levels of cytotoxicity relative to the untreated contaminated control after 12 h of contamination (p = 0.038), and cell viability was not affected by LTP (p ≥ 0.05); thus, LTP-treated samples were shown to be safe for tissue applications, with low cytotoxicity and elevated cell viability post-treatment, and these results were validated by qualitative histological analysis. In conclusion, the study's results support the effectiveness of 1 min LTP exposure in successfully disinfecting mature peri-implantitis multispecies biofilms on titanium discs and implants. Moreover, it validated the safety of LTP on ROE, suggesting its potential as an adjunctive treatment for peri-implantitis.
PMID: 39536298
ISSN: 2373-9878
CID: 5753172
Treatment of Bone Defects and Nonunion via Novel Delivery Mechanisms, Growth Factors, and Stem Cells: A Review
Ehlen, Quinn T; Costello, Joseph P; Mirsky, Nicholas A; Slavin, Blaire V; Parra, Marcelo; Ptashnik, Albert; Nayak, Vasudev Vivekanand; Coelho, Paulo G; Witek, Lukasz
Bone nonunion following a fracture represents a significant global healthcare challenge, with an overall incidence ranging between 2 and 10% of all fractures. The management of nonunion is not only financially prohibitive but often necessitates invasive surgical interventions. This comprehensive manuscript aims to provide an extensive review of the published literature involving growth factors, stem cells, and novel delivery mechanisms for the treatment of fracture nonunion. Key growth factors involved in bone healing have been extensively studied, including bone morphogenic protein (BMP), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and platelet-derived growth factor. This review includes both preclinical and clinical studies that evaluated the role of growth factors in acute and chronic nonunion. Overall, these studies revealed promising bridging and fracture union rates but also elucidated complications such as heterotopic ossification and inferior mechanical properties associated with chronic nonunion. Stem cells, particularly mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), are an extensively studied topic in the treatment of nonunion. A literature search identified articles that demonstrated improved healing responses, osteogenic capacity, and vascularization of fractures due to the presence of MSCs. Furthermore, this review addresses novel mechanisms and materials being researched to deliver these growth factors and stem cells to nonunion sites, including natural/synthetic polymers and bioceramics. The specific mechanisms explored in this review include BMP-induced osteoblast differentiation, VEGF-mediated angiogenesis, and the role of MSCs in multilineage differentiation and paracrine signaling. While these therapeutic modalities exhibit substantial preclinical promise in treating fracture nonunion, there remains a need for further research, particularly in chronic nonunion and large animal models. This paper seeks to identify such translational hurdles which must be addressed in order to progress the aforementioned treatments from the lab to the clinical setting.
PMID: 39527574
ISSN: 2373-9878
CID: 5752692
Programmed Cell Death Protein 1 Contributes to Oral Cancer Pain via Regulating Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha in the Spinal Trigeminal Nucleus Caudalis
Mao, Runyi; Liu, Sufang; Dolan, John C; Schmidt, Brian L; Tao, Feng
BACKGROUND:Oral cancer causes intense pain at the primary site, and such pain can impair oral functions. However, the underlying mechanisms for oral cancer pain are still not fully understood. In the present study, it is investigated whether programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) is involved in the development of oral cancer pain. METHODS:RMP1-14, a specific anti-PD-1 antibody, was injected into spinal trigeminal nucleus caudalis (Sp5C) and measured pain behaviors using von Frey filaments and dolognawmeter. Western blotting and immunofluorescence staining were performed to analyze the expression of PD-1 and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) in the Sp5C. RESULTS:It was observed that the PD-1 antibody significantly inhibited mechanical hypersensitivity and functional allodynia in our oral cancer pain mouse model. Moreover, we found that TNFα was highly upregulated in the Sp5C following the induction of oral cancer pain and that intra-Sp5C injection of the PD-1 antibody diminished the upregulation of TNFα. It was found that genetic deletion of TNFα or its receptor antagonism synergized the analgesic effect of PD-1 antibody on oral cancer pain. CONCLUSION/CONCLUSIONS:Our results suggest that PD-1 in the Sp5C contributes to oral cancer pain by altering TNFα signaling in the trigeminal nociceptive system, and PD-1 could be targeted to develop a novel approach for oral cancer pain management.
PMID: 39660489
ISSN: 1875-6190
CID: 5766032