Faculty Bibliography
Searched for:
school:SOM
Department/Unit:Neuroscience Institute
Total Results:
13413
Neurophotonic tools for microscopic measurements and manipulation: status report
PMCID:9047450
PMID: 35493335
ISSN: 2329-423x
CID: 5215772
Single-cell delineation of lineage and genetic identity in the mouse brain
During neurogenesis, mitotic progenitor cells lining the ventricles of the embryonic mouse brain undergo their final rounds of cell division, giving rise to a wide spectrum of postmitotic neurons and glia1,2. The link between developmental lineage and cell-type diversity remains an open question. Here we used massively parallel tagging of progenitors to track clonal relationships and transcriptomic signatures during mouse forebrain development. We quantified clonal divergence and convergence across all major cell classes postnatally, and found diverse types of GABAergic neuron that share a common lineage. Divergence of GABAergic clones occurred during embryogenesis upon cell-cycle exit, suggesting that differentiation into subtypes is initiated as a lineage-dependent process at the progenitor cell level.
PMID: 34912118
ISSN: 1476-4687
CID: 5106272
Alzheimer's disease research progress in Australia: The Alzheimer's Association International Conference Satellite Symposium in Sydney
The Alzheimer's Association International Conference held its sixth Satellite Symposium in Sydney, Australia in 2019, highlighting the leadership of Australian researchers in advancing the understanding of and treatment developments for Alzheimer's disease (AD) and other dementias. This leadership includes the Australian Imaging, Biomarker, and Lifestyle Flagship Study of Ageing (AIBL), which has fueled the identification and development of many biomarkers and novel therapeutics. Two multimodal lifestyle intervention studies have been launched in Australia; and Australian researchers have played leadership roles in other global studies in diverse populations. Australian researchers have also played an instrumental role in efforts to understand mechanisms underlying vascular contributions to cognitive impairment and dementia; and through the Women's Healthy Aging Project have elucidated hormonal and other factors that contribute to the increased risk of AD in women. Alleviating the behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia has also been a strong research and clinical focus in Australia.
PMID: 34058063
ISSN: 1552-5279
CID: 4911832
Cortical thickness across the lifespan: Data from 17,075 healthy individuals aged 3-90 years
Delineating the association of age and cortical thickness in healthy individuals is critical given the association of cortical thickness with cognition and behavior. Previous research has shown that robust estimates of the association between age and brain morphometry require large-scale studies. In response, we used cross-sectional data from 17,075 individuals aged 3-90 years from the Enhancing Neuroimaging Genetics through Meta-Analysis (ENIGMA) Consortium to infer age-related changes in cortical thickness. We used fractional polynomial (FP) regression to quantify the association between age and cortical thickness, and we computed normalized growth centiles using the parametric Lambda, Mu, and Sigma method. Interindividual variability was estimated using meta-analysis and one-way analysis of variance. For most regions, their highest cortical thickness value was observed in childhood. Age and cortical thickness showed a negative association; the slope was steeper up to the third decade of life and more gradual thereafter; notable exceptions to this general pattern were entorhinal, temporopolar, and anterior cingulate cortices. Interindividual variability was largest in temporal and frontal regions across the lifespan. Age and its FP combinations explained up to 59% variance in cortical thickness. These results may form the basis of further investigation on normative deviation in cortical thickness and its significance for behavioral and cognitive outcomes.
PMID: 33595143
ISSN: 1097-0193
CID: 4799902
Early Mobilization during Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation for Cardiopulmonary Failure in Adults: Factors Associated with Intensity of Treatment
PMID: 34077700
ISSN: 2325-6621
CID: 5811842
Transactivation of TrkB Receptors by Oxytocin and Its G Protein-Coupled Receptor
Brain-derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) binds to the TrkB tyrosine kinase receptor, which dictates the sensitivity of neurons to BDNF. A unique feature of TrkB is the ability to be activated by small molecules in a process called transactivation. Here we report that the brain neuropeptide oxytocin increases BDNF TrkB activity in primary cortical neurons and in the mammalian neocortex during postnatal development. Oxytocin produces its effects through a G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR), however, the receptor signaling events that account for its actions have not been fully defined. We find oxytocin rapidly transactivates TrkB receptors in bath application of acute brain slices of 2-week-old mice and in primary cortical culture by increasing TrkB receptor tyrosine phosphorylation. The effects of oxytocin signaling could be distinguished from the related vasopressin receptor. The transactivation of TrkB receptors by oxytocin enhances the clustering of gephyrin, a scaffold protein responsible to coordinate inhibitory responses. Because oxytocin displays pro-social functions in maternal care, cognition, and social attachment, it is currently a focus of therapeutic strategies in autism spectrum disorders. Interestingly, oxytocin and BDNF are both implicated in the pathophysiology of depression, schizophrenia, anxiety, and cognition. These results imply that oxytocin may rely upon crosstalk with BDNF signaling to facilitate its actions through receptor transactivation.
PMCID:9201241
PMID: 35721318
ISSN: 1662-5099
CID: 5281802
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America (PNAS). 2022:119(6).DOI:
Mice expressing fluorescent PAR(2) reveal that endocytosis mediates colonic inflammation and pain
ISI:000758482900007
ISSN: 0027-8424
CID: 5207592
World Trade Center (WTC) Exposure Community Survivors with Uncontrolled Lower Respiratory Symptoms: Molecular Clustering Analysis [Meeting Abstract]
ISI:000792480405270
ISSN: 1073-449x
CID: 5237662
Continued improvement in pulmonary outcomes in 3 clinical trials of olipudase alfa in children and adults with chronic acid sphingomyelinase deficiency treated for 2 to 6.5 years [Meeting Abstract]
ISI:000803066100272
ISSN: 1096-7192
CID: 5245902
Splitting of the magnetic encephalogram into «brain» and «non-brain» physiological signals based on the joint analysis of frequency-pattern functional tomograms and magnetic resonance images
The article considers the problem of dividing the encephalography data into two time series, that generated by the brain and that generated by other electrical sources located in the human head. The magnetic encephalograms and magnetic resonance images of the head were recorded in the Center for Neuromagnetism at NYU Grossman School of Medicine. Data obtained at McGill University and Montreal University were also used. Recordings were made in a magnetically shielded room and the gradiometers were designed to suppress external noise, making it possible to eliminate them from the data analysis. Magnetic encephalograms were analyzed by the method of functional tomography, based on the Fourier transform and on the solution of inverse problem for all frequencies. In this method, one spatial position is assigned to each frequency component. Magnetic resonance images of the head were evaluated to annotate the space to be included in the analysis. The included space was divided into two parts: «brain» and «non-brain». The frequency components were classified by the feature of their inclusion in one or the other part. The set of frequencies, designated as «brain», represented the partial spectrum of the brain signal, while the set of frequencies designated as «non-brain», represented the partial spectrum of the physiological noise produced by the head. Both partial spectra shared the same frequency band. From the partial spectra, a time series of the «brain» area signal and «non-brain» area head noise were reconstructed. Summary spectral power of the signal was found to be ten times greater than the noise. The proposed method makes it possible to analyze in detail both the signal and the noise components of the encephalogram and to filter the magnetic encephalogram.
PMCID:9458866
PMID: 36092277
ISSN: 1662-5110
CID: 5332712
